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Exploring the determinants of ethnic differences in insulin clearance between men of Black African and White European ethnicity

Exploring the determinants of ethnic differences in insulin clearance between men of Black... AimPeople of Black African ancestry, who are known to be at disproportionately high risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), typically exhibit lower hepatic insulin clearance compared with White Europeans. However, the mechanisms underlying this metabolic characteristic are poorly understood. We explored whether low insulin clearance in Black African (BA) men could be explained by insulin resistance, subclinical inflammation or adiponectin concentrations.MethodsBA and White European (WE) men, categorised as either normal glucose tolerant (NGT) or with T2D, were recruited to undergo the following: a mixed meal tolerance test with C-peptide modelling to determine endogenous insulin clearance; fasting serum adiponectin and cytokine profiles; a hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamp to measure whole-body insulin sensitivity; and magnetic resonance imaging to quantify visceral adipose tissue.ResultsForty BA (20 NGT and 20 T2D) and 41 WE (23 NGT and 18 T2D) men were studied. BA men had significantly lower insulin clearance (P = 0.011) and lower plasma adiponectin (P = 0.031) compared with WE men. In multiple regression analysis, ethnicity, insulin sensitivity and plasma adiponectin were independent predictors of insulin clearance, while age, visceral adiposity and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) did not significantly contribute to the variation.ConclusionThese data suggest that adiponectin may play a direct role in the upregulation of insulin clearance beyond its insulin-sensitising properties. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Acta Diabetologica Springer Journals

Exploring the determinants of ethnic differences in insulin clearance between men of Black African and White European ethnicity

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References (57)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2021
ISSN
0940-5429
eISSN
1432-5233
DOI
10.1007/s00592-021-01809-4
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

AimPeople of Black African ancestry, who are known to be at disproportionately high risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), typically exhibit lower hepatic insulin clearance compared with White Europeans. However, the mechanisms underlying this metabolic characteristic are poorly understood. We explored whether low insulin clearance in Black African (BA) men could be explained by insulin resistance, subclinical inflammation or adiponectin concentrations.MethodsBA and White European (WE) men, categorised as either normal glucose tolerant (NGT) or with T2D, were recruited to undergo the following: a mixed meal tolerance test with C-peptide modelling to determine endogenous insulin clearance; fasting serum adiponectin and cytokine profiles; a hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamp to measure whole-body insulin sensitivity; and magnetic resonance imaging to quantify visceral adipose tissue.ResultsForty BA (20 NGT and 20 T2D) and 41 WE (23 NGT and 18 T2D) men were studied. BA men had significantly lower insulin clearance (P = 0.011) and lower plasma adiponectin (P = 0.031) compared with WE men. In multiple regression analysis, ethnicity, insulin sensitivity and plasma adiponectin were independent predictors of insulin clearance, while age, visceral adiposity and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) did not significantly contribute to the variation.ConclusionThese data suggest that adiponectin may play a direct role in the upregulation of insulin clearance beyond its insulin-sensitising properties.

Journal

Acta DiabetologicaSpringer Journals

Published: Mar 1, 2022

Keywords: Insulin clearance; Adiponectin; Ethnicity; African; Type 2 diabetes; Inflammation

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