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Energy efficiency of large cardamom grown under Himalayan alder and natural forest

Energy efficiency of large cardamom grown under Himalayan alder and natural forest Energy efficiency of agroforestry systems of large cardamom grown under N 2 -fixing Himalayan alder (alder-cardamom) and natural forest (forest-cardamom) was studied in the Sikkim Himalaya. Large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum ), the most important perennial cash crop of the region, is widely cultivated with Himalayan alder ( Alnus nepalensis ) as shade tree. Energy fixation, storage, net allocation in agronomic yield, and heat release and exit from the system were respectively 1.57, 1.44, 2.24 and 2.22 times higher in the alder-cardamom compared to the forest-cardamom system. Energy conversion efficiency and net ecosystem energy increment were also higher in the alder-cardamom than the forest-cardamom system. Energy fixation efficiency and energy conversion efficiency of large cardamom increased under the influence of Himalayan alder. Energy efficiency in N 2 -fixation of Himalayan alder was also high (67.5 g N 2 fixed 10 4 kJ -1 energy). Quantum and flux of energy increased in the alder-cardamom compared to the forest-cardamom system that optimized the production potential of the cash crop under the influence of the Himalayan alder. Climatic sympatry of the large cardamom and Himalayan alder, and their synergetic energy efficiency makes this association ecologically and economically viable for the mountain regions. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Agroforestry Systems Springer Journals

Energy efficiency of large cardamom grown under Himalayan alder and natural forest

Agroforestry Systems , Volume 56 (3) – Dec 1, 2002

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References (23)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2002 by Kluwer Academic Publishers
Subject
Life Sciences; Agriculture; Forestry
ISSN
0167-4366
eISSN
1572-9680
DOI
10.1023/A:1021351626653
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Energy efficiency of agroforestry systems of large cardamom grown under N 2 -fixing Himalayan alder (alder-cardamom) and natural forest (forest-cardamom) was studied in the Sikkim Himalaya. Large cardamom ( Amomum subulatum ), the most important perennial cash crop of the region, is widely cultivated with Himalayan alder ( Alnus nepalensis ) as shade tree. Energy fixation, storage, net allocation in agronomic yield, and heat release and exit from the system were respectively 1.57, 1.44, 2.24 and 2.22 times higher in the alder-cardamom compared to the forest-cardamom system. Energy conversion efficiency and net ecosystem energy increment were also higher in the alder-cardamom than the forest-cardamom system. Energy fixation efficiency and energy conversion efficiency of large cardamom increased under the influence of Himalayan alder. Energy efficiency in N 2 -fixation of Himalayan alder was also high (67.5 g N 2 fixed 10 4 kJ -1 energy). Quantum and flux of energy increased in the alder-cardamom compared to the forest-cardamom system that optimized the production potential of the cash crop under the influence of the Himalayan alder. Climatic sympatry of the large cardamom and Himalayan alder, and their synergetic energy efficiency makes this association ecologically and economically viable for the mountain regions.

Journal

Agroforestry SystemsSpringer Journals

Published: Dec 1, 2002

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