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- Publisher
- Springer Journals
- Copyright
- Copyright © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 2021. ISSN 0040-5795, Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering, 2021, Vol. 55, No. 6, pp. 1111–1125. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2021.
- ISSN
- 0040-5795
- eISSN
- 1608-3431
- DOI
- 10.1134/s0040579521060051
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
The problem of tritiated wastewater treatment is a pressing challenge in many countries. The principal man-made sources of tritium are nowadays represented by nuclear reactors of different applications, as well as plants for processing spent nuclear fuel. This article presents a review of literature data dedicated to the problems of formation of tritium in nuclear energy installations of various types, as well as to the methods for its extraction. The purification of water flows from tritium is only possible with the use of physicochemical methods for separation of hydrogen isotopes, the most promising ones being water distillation under vacuum and chemical isotope exchange between hydrogen and water. We provide a review of literature data in the field of refinement of contact devices for performance of isotope exchange with the use of these methods. Also, we analyze the proposed methods for detritiation of light and heavy water from technological and ecological viewpoints.
Journal
Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering – Springer Journals
Published: Nov 1, 2021
Keywords: tritium; detritiation; water distillation under vacuum; water–hydrogen isotope exchange