Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 14-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

A new methodology for identification of potential pay zones from well logs: Intelligent system establishment and application in the Eastern Junggar Basin, China

A new methodology for identification of potential pay zones from well logs: Intelligent system... 3HW6FL DOI 10.1007/s12182-014-0338-1 LGHQWL¿FDWLRQRIQHZPHWKRGRORJ\IRU$ potential pay zones from well logs: Intelligent system establishment and application in the Eastern Junggar Basin, China 1, 2 1, 2 1, 3 4 4 Guo Dali , Zhu Kai , Wang Liang , Li Jiaqi and Xu Jiangwen 6WDWH.H\/DERUDWRU\RI2LODQG*DV5HVHUYRLU*HRORJ\DQG([SORLWDWLRQ6RXWKZHVW3HWUROHXP8QLYHUVLW\6LFKXDQ &KLQD 6LFKXDQ&KLQD6FKRRORI6FLHQFHV6RXWKZHVW3HWUROHXP8QLYHUVLW\ 6LFKXDQ&KLQD6RXWKZHVW3HWUROHXP8QLYHUVLW\HFKQRORJ\76FKRRORI*HRVFLHQFHVDQG HFKQRORJ\5HVHDUFK,QVWLWXWH;LQMLDQJ2LO¿HOG%UD7(QJLQHHULQJ JHUODJ%HUOLQ+HLGHOEHU9‹&KLQD8QLYHUVLW\RI3HWUROHXP %HLMLQJ DQG6SULQJHU Abstract: ,QUHFHQW\HDUVDVWKHH[SORUDWLRQSUDFWLFHVH[WHQGLQWRPRUHFRPSOLFDWHGIRUPDWLRQV FRQYHQWLRQDOZHOOORJLQWHUSUHWDWLRQKDVRIWHQVKRZQLWVLQDFFXUDF\DQGOLPLWDWLRQVLQLGHQWLI\LQJ K\GURFDUERQV7KHXWRQJJRX3HUPLDQ:)RUPDWLRQKRVWVW\SLFDOFODVWLFUHVHUYRLUVLQWKH(DVWHUQ-XQJJDU %DVLQ7KHVRSKLVWLFDWHGOLWKRORJ\FKDUDFWHULVWLFVFDXVHFRPSOH[SRUHVWUXFWXUHVDQGIOXLGSURSHUWLHV 7KHVHDOO¿QDOO\FDXVHORZZHOOWHVWLQJDJUHHPHQWUDWHXVLQJFRQYHQWLRQDOPHWKRGV(OHYHQUHFHQW\HDUV¶ VWDWLVWLFVVKRZWKDWRXWRIZDWHUOD\HUVKDYHEHHQLQFRUUHFWO\LGHQWL¿HGDVEHLQJRLORURLOZDWHU OD\HUVE\FRQYHQWLRQDOZHOOORJLQWHUSUHWDWLRQ7KLVSDSHUSURSRVHVDPHWKRGRORJ\FDOOHGLQWHOOLJHQW SUHGLFWLRQDQGLGHQWL¿FDWLRQV\VWHP ,3,6 )LUVWO\SDUDPHWHUV UHÀHFWLQJOLWKRORJLFDOSHWURSK\VLFDODQG HOHFWULFDOUHVSRQVHVZKLFKDUHJUHDWO\UHODWHGWRUHVHUYRLUÀXLGVKDYHEHHQVHOHFWHGFDUHIXOO\7KH\DUH VKDOHFRQWHQW V QXPEHUHGURFNW\SH 51 SRURVLW\ ĭ SHUPHDELOLW\ K WUXHUHVLVWLYLW\7  5DQG sh VSRQWDQHRXVSRWHQWLDO 63 6HFRQGO\ V , ĭ DQG KDUHSUHGLFWHGIURPZHOOORJVWKURXJKDUWL¿FLDOQHXUDO sh QHWZRUNV $11V DOO)LQDOO\WKHVL[SDUDPHWHUVDUHLQSXWLQWRDQHXURIX]]\LQIHUHQFHPDFKLQH 1),0 WRJHWÀXLGVLGHQWL¿FDWLRQUHVXOWV(LJKWHHQQHZOD\HUVRIPIHFWLYHHIWKLFNQHVVZHUHH[DPLQHGE\ Key words: (DVWHUQ-XQJJDU%DVLQSRWHQWLDOSD\]RQHLGHQWL¿FDWLRQZHOORJOLQWHUSUHWDWLRQLQWHOOLJHQW V\VWHPQHXUDOQHWZRUNQHXURIX]]\LQIHUHQFHPDFKLQH ZDWHUOD\HUVKDYHEHHQLQFRUUHFWO\LGHQWLILHGDVRLORURLO 1 Introduction ZDWHUOD\HUVE\FRQYHQWLRQDOZHOOORJLQWHUSUHWDWLRQ,WKDV ,QUHFHQW\HDUVDVWKHH[SORUDWLRQSUDFWLFHVH[SDQGLQWR LQFUHDVHGZHOOWHVWLQJFRVWVWRRPXFK PXFKZLGHUDUHDVIRUPDWLRQVLWXDWLRQVKDYHEHFRPHPRUH &RPPRQO\SD\]RQHVFDQEHUHFRJQL]HGE\GUDZLQJ DQGPRUHFRPSOLFDWHGWKDQEHIRUH,WLVDELJFKDOOHQJHIRU FURVVSORWV &KHQJ 7KLVLVHIIHFWLYHXQGHUVSHFLILF FRQYHQWLRQDOZHOOORJLQWHUSUHWDWLRQWHFKQLTXHVWRLGHQWLI\ IRUPDWLRQVLWXDWLRQV7KHĭ75 FURVVSORWVKRXOGEHXVHG SRWHQWLDOSD\]RQHVDFFXUDWHO\7KH3HUPLDQXWRQJJRX: XQGHUVHYHUDOVLWXDWLRQVVLQJOHURFNW\SHUDUHO\VKDOH )RUPDWLRQLQWKHHDVWHUQ-XQJJDU%DVLQKRVWVVRPHRIWKH FRQWHQWDQGVWDEOHIRUPDWLRQZDWHUSURSHUWLHV+RZHYHUWKLV PRVWLPSRUWDQWFODVWLFUHVHUYRLUVLQWKH;LQMLDQJRLO7KH¿HOG PHWKRGRIWHQFRQVLGHUVWRRIHZIDFWRUVWRUHFRJQL]HPRUH UHVHUYRLUVDUHLQYDULRXVW\SHVRIOLWKRORJ\ZLWKVRSKLVWLFDWHG FRPSOH[OD\HUVLWXDWLRQVEHFDXVH)UHTXHQWO\RIWKHFRPSOH[ FKDUDFWHULVWLFVVLOWVWRQH¿QHVDQGVWRQHFRQJORPHUDWHZKLOH IRUPDWLRQVLWLVYHU\GLIILFXOWWRJHWHIIHFWLYHFURVVSORWV 7KH3HUPLDQXWRQJJRX: )RUPDWLRQLVDQH[DPSOHRIWKLV VKDOHWRGLIIHUHQWGHJUHHV7KH\FDXVHYDULRXVDQGFRPSOH[ $OVRSUREOHPLWLVWLPHFRQVXPLQJDQGKDUGWRKDQGOHZKHQ SRUHVWUXFWXUHVDQGKDYHDKLJKERXQGZDWHUVDWXUDWLRQ WRRPXFKGDWDZLWKLQDFFXUDF\IX]]LQHVVDQGUHGXQGDQF\ DYHUDJLQJ6WDWLVWLFVIRUVKRZWKDWRI LVFRQVLGHUHG6RLWLVQHFHVVDU\WRUHVRUWWRRWKHUPHWKRGV WRUHVROYHWKHVHVSHFL¿FSUREOHPV,QIDFWVRPHUHVHDUFKHUV KDYHWULHGLQWHOOLJHQWPHWKRGVWRH[WUDFWIOXLGLQIRUPDWLRQ HPDLO]KXBNDLFRP#FRP &RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU IURPZHOOORJVIRUEHWWHU=KRXDFFXUDF\HWDO  WULHGWR 5HFHLYHG)HEUXDU\ VRPHDUH¿OOHGZLWKDVKDQGWXIIVRPHDUH¿OOHGZLWKFOD\DQG ,3,67KHUHLVIXOODJUHHPHQWZLWKZHOOWHVWLQJUHVXOWV7KLVVKRZVWKHV\VWHP¶VDFFXUDF\DQGHIIHFWLYHQHVV QFKRI&13&;LQMLDQJ&KLQD 3HW6FL LGHQWLI\K\GURFDUERQVIURPZHOOORJVE\XVLQJDIX]]\QHXUDO 2 The methodology of intelligent systems QHWZRUN )11 (OVKDIHLDQG+DPDGD  KDYHDOVRXVHG DUWL¿FLDOQHXUDOQHWZRUNV $11 WRLGHQWLI\SRWHQWLDOOD\HUV 2.1 Reservoir characteristics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¶SHUIRUPDQFH/LHWDO 7KHUHVHUYRLUVDUHIRXQGLQYDULRXVOLWKRORJ\W\SHV XVHGDGHFLVLRQWUHH '& VXSSRUWYHFWRUPDFKLQH VLOWVWRQHILQHVDQGVWRQHVDQG\FRQJORPHUDWHDQGVRRQ 690 DQGURXJKVHW 56 WRLGHQWLI\ORZJDVVDWXUDWLRQ 6RPHDUH¿OOHGZLWKDVKDQGIWXIZKLOHPRVWDUH¿OOHGZLWK UHVHUYRLUV)HUQDQGHV  DOVRXVHG$11VWRGHWHUPLQH FOD\DQGVKDOHIHUHQWWRGHJUHHV7KH\GLIDUHGLYLGHGLQWRIRXU WKHSUHVHQFHRIK\GURFDUERQVZLWKZHOOORJVDQGIRUPXOD FODVVHVE\JUDLQVL]HDEOHLQ77KH¿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ÀXLGSRURVLW\DQGSHUPHDELOLW\ =KXHWDOX<HWDO DQGLGHQWLILFDWLRQ =KDQJ &RPSOH[OLWKRORJLFDOSURSHUWLHVDQGSRUHVWUXFWXUHV HWDO IURPZHOOORJVRURWKHUSDUDPHWHUV0DQ\RWKHU UHVXOWLQLQWULFDWHÀXLGGLVWULEXWLRQ7KHDYHUDJHERXQGZDWHU DQHWLQWHOOLJHQWDOPHWKRGVXKDYHHWEHHQDOXVHG7 : VDWXUDWLRQIURPFRUHGDWDLV)RUWKHZHOOORJRIWUXH -DIDULDQG0DVKRKRU 7 DQRLOOD\HUUHVLVWLYLW\LV 5ȍ PZLWKDQDYHUDJH 7KHUHDUHPDQ\IDFWRUVDIIHFWLQJXQGHUJURXQGIOXLG . . ȍ PZKLOH75RIDZDWHUOD\HULVȍ PZLWK LGHQWLILFDWLRQ/LWKRORJLFDOSHWURSK\VLFDOSURSHUWLHVDQG ȍ PDVWKHDYHUDJHYDOXH$VWKHVHSDUDPHWHUVRYHUODS WKH\FDQQRWGLVWLQJXLVKRLOIURPZDWHU 0HDQZKLOHWKHVHSURSHUWLHVDUHLPSOLFDWHGGHHSO\LQODUJH ,QDZRUGWKHYDULDQFHRIOLWKRORJ\DQGPLQHUDO IRXQGHGRQFDUHIXOVHOHFWLRQDQGDQDO\VLVRIPDVVLYHIX]]\ RIWKHPDUHWKHPDMRUFDXVHVWRGHWHUPLQHSRRUHOHFWULFDO UHGXQGDQWGDWDFRQVLGHULQJUHDOIRUPDWLRQVLWXDWLRQV7KLV UHVSRQVH7KH\FRPSUHKHQVLYHO\UHIOHFWLQWULFDWHIOXLG LVDOZD\VFKDOOHQJLQJZRUN+RZHYHUWKHOLWHUDWXUHDERYH GLVWULEXWLRQV KDYHRQO\UHFRUGVVLPSOHPHWKRGVWRSUHGLFWÀXLGLQIRUPDWLRQ GLUHFWO\IURPZHOOORJV&RPSOH[SUREOHPVKDYHEHHQ 2.2 Model idea and method RYHUVLPSOLILHG%DVHGRQWKHVHWKLVSDSHUKDVSURSRVHGD 'HILQLWHO\IOXLGLQIRUPDWLRQDIIHFWVDODUJHQXPEHU PHWKRGRORJ\FDOOHGLQWHOOLJHQWSUHGLFWLRQDQGLGHQWLILFDWLRQ RIORJGDWD,WLVRIWHQGLIILFXOWDQGLQDFFXUDWHWRH[WUDFW V\VWHP ,3,6 ZKLFKFRQVLGHUHGVSHFLILFVLWXDWLRQVLQWKH YDOXDEOHÀXLGGDWDIURPWKHPGLUHFWO\,QIDFWWKLVSUREOHP (DVWHUQ-XQJJDU%DVLQ7KH,3,6EDVHGRQ$11DQG),6 FDQEHSURFHVVHGE\VWHSV7KHSURSRVHGPHWKRGRORJ\ WKHRU\GLYLGHVWKHSUREOHPLQWRWZRSDUWVDQGUHVROYHVLWE\ WKHLQWHOOLJHQWSUHGLFWLRQDQGLGHQWLILFDWLRQV\VWHP ,3,6 VWHSV7KHUHDUHPDLQO\WKUHHSDUWVDVIROORZV7KHLGHDVRI PDLQO\FRQVLVWVRIWZRVWHSV %DVHGRQXQGHUVWDQGLQJ ,3,6DUHLQWKH¿UVW SDUW'DWDSUHSURFHVVLQJDQGFRQVWUXFWLRQ IRUPDWLRQVLWXDWLRQVVHOHFWDQGSUHGLFWSDUDPHWHUVUHÀHFWLQJ RIPRGHOVDUHLQWKHVHFRQG$QH[DPSOHDQGDSSOLFDWLRQV KDYHEHHQVKRZQ¿QDOO\ OLWKRORJLFDOSHWURSK\VLFDODQGHOHFWULFDOUHVSRQVHVZKLFKDUH Table 1)RUPDWLRQFKDUDFWHULVWLFV 6KDOH 7KURDWUDGLXV P P 3RURVLW\ P'3HUPHDELOLW\ %RXQGZDWHUVDWXUDWLRQ /LWKRORJ\ Range 0HDQ Range 0HDQ Range 0HDQ Range 0HDQ Range 0HDQ 0XGVWRQHZLWKVDQG  10.8 0.08-1.87 1.02 2.1-14.9 6LOWDQG¿QHVDQGVWRQH  8.2   1.2-21.1 11.1    49.1 0HGLXPDQGFRDUVHVDQGVWRQH  7.4 1.01-2.3 1.32    4.87  44.8 &RQJORPHUDWH   1.3-2.2      29.7-44.8 38.7 ERWKVWUXFWXUH$QGSRUHRIKHWHURJHQHLW\FDXVHVFRPSRQHQWV QXPEHUVRIZHOOORJV3UHGLFWLRQPRGHOVVKRXOGEHHODERUDWHO\ HOHFWULFDOUHVSRQVHVFRPSUHKHQVLYHO\UHÀHFWÀXLGLQIRUPDWLRQ RT 3HW6FL 7KUHHPHWKRGVWREHWWHUGHWHUPLQHIRUPDWLRQSDUDPHWHUVKHUH FORVHO\UHODWHGWRIRUPDWLRQIOXLGUHFRJQLWLRQ 3XWWKHVH $11PRGHOVDUHXVHGWRWUDLQDQGFDOFXODWH V , ĭ DQG K SDUDPHWHUVLQWRDQLQIHUHQFHV\VWHPWRLGHQWLI\ÀXLGVGLUHFWO\ sh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²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¿FIRUPDWLRQVKDOHLQFRQWHQWWKLVSDSHU EHGHIX]]LILHGIURPIX]]\VHWVZKHQDQ),6ZRUNV)X]]\ sh UHODWLRQVKLSVEHWZHHQLQSXWVDQGRXWSXWVDUHH[SUHVVHGDV ĭ DQG K DUHFRQVLGHUHGWRJHWKHUWRGHVFULEHSRUHVWUXFWXUH ,)7+(1UXOHVEDVHGRQH[SHUWNQRZOHGJH+RZHYHUIX]]\ VLWXDWLRQUXH7UHVLVWLYLW\7  5DQGVSRQWDQHRXVSRWHQWLDO UXOHVDUHRIWHQKDUGWRJHWIURPDJHODUDPRXQWRIGDWD7KH 63 ZLOOEHFKRVHQVKDOHWRUHÀHFWÀXLGSURSHUWLHV1RUPDOO\ $11QHXURIX]]\LQIHUHQFHPDFKLQHWHFKQLTXHWKDWFRPELQHV FRQWHQWPD\EHPDLQO\GH¿QHGIURPJDPPDUD\FRXQWV *5 E\HPSLULFDOIRUPXODH /L RURWKHUZHOOORJV7KHVDQG URFNW\SHLVRIWHQGHWHUPLQHGE\VDQGVWRQHJUDLQVL]H ĭ QHWZRUN,WFDQOHDUQIX]]\UXOHVIURPJHODUDPRXQWVRIGDWD DQG KDUHKLJKO\UHODWHGWRZHOOORJV $PDHIXOHHWDO E\WUDLQLQJDQGFKHFNLQJ)LJVKRZVWKHDUFKLWHFWXUHRI %ORFK $11VDUHGHVLJQHGLQVWHDGRIFRQYHQWLRQDO 7KHGHWDLOVFDQEHIRXQGLQWKHIROORZLQJSDUW,3,6 ANN1 V sh Classification RN ANN2 ĭ Neuro-fuzzy Identifying Well logs INPUT inference OUTPUT result machine ANN3 K Normalization Normalization SP Fig. 1$UFKLWHFWXUHRI,3,6 3 Establishment of IPIS 3.2 Construction of ANNs 3.1 Data selection and preparation 7KHEDFNZDUGSURSDJDWLRQ %3 QHWZRUNLVDVXSHUYLVHG $OOWKHOD\HUVRIH[SORUDWLRQZHOOVLQUHFHQWHOHYHQ\HDUV WKHQHWZRUNWKHQFRPSXWHVWKHIHUHQFHGLIEHWZHHQFDOFXODWHG DUHFRQVLGHUHG7KHVHGDWDFRQWDLQZHOOORJV$& DFRXVWLF RXWSXWDQGFRUUHVSRQGLQJGHVLUHGRXWSXWIURPWKHWUDLQLQJ GDWD7KHHUURULVWKHQSURSDJDWHGEDFNZDUGWKURXJKWKHQHW DQGWKHZHLJKWVDUHDGMXVWHGGXULQJDQXPEHURILWHUDWLRQV ]RQHUHVLVWLYLW\ *5 JDPPDUD\ DQG63 VSRQWDQHRXV QDPHGHSRFKV7KHFRXUVHVWRSVZKHQWKHFDOFXODWHGYDOXHV SRWHQWLDO FRUHGDWD VKDOHFRQWHQWSRURVLW\SHUPHDELOLW\ EHVWDSSUR[LPDWHWKHGHVLUHGRXWSXWV %KDWWDQG+HOOH QHWZRUNVZLWKRQH7KUHHOD\HUKLGGHQ%3OD\HUDUHXVHGKHUH 7KH/HYHQEHUJ0DUTXDUGW /0 DOJRULWKPLVXVHGLQWKLV NH\GDWDRINH\ZHOOVFDUHIXOO\7KHUXOHVDUHDVIROORZV SDSHUIRULWVJHQFHIDVWVSHHGFRQYHU %XUQH\HWDO7KH WDQVLJPRLGDQGOLQHDUHTXDWLRQVZHUHWDNHQDVDFWLYDWLRQ IXQFWLRQVIRUKLGGHQDQGRXWSXWOD\HUVUHVSHFWLYHO\ +DJDQ HWDOZR GDWD7JURXSVDUHFRQVLGHUHG SRLQWVIRU WUDLQLQJDQGIRU$OOFKHFNLQJ LQSXWVDUHQRUPDOL]HGE\ O 8QGHUWKHVHUXOHVOD\HUVRIZHOOVZLWKZHOOORJVDQGZHO LQYROYHGWRSURYLGHHQRXJKWUDLQLQJGDWDIRUSUHGLFWLRQPRGHOV EH EHFRQVLGHUHGHTXDOO\ DOOWKHOD\HUVZLWKFRUHGDWDVKRXOG FRQFOXVLRQVWHVWLQJGLIVKRXOGZHOOGLIZLWKIHUHQWEORFNVIHUHQW OD\HUVZLWKFRPSOHWHGDWDVKRXOGEHFKRVHQ¿UVW OD\HUVIURP UHGXQGDQF\QHFHVVDU\DQGWKHRXWGHJUHHSLFNLVVRPHWR,WWR VXIGH¿FLHQF\DUHGDWDIHULQJGDWDWHVWLQJUHVXOWVZHOO7KHDQG ÀXVKHG5;2UHVLVWLYLW\ ]RQH LQYDGHG5,UHVLVWLYLW\  WUXH WLPH &1/ FRPSHQVDWHG GHQVLW\ORJ '(1QHXURQORJ WUDLQLQJWHFKQLTXHWKDWVHQGVWKHLQSXWYDOXHVIRUZDUGWKURXJK WHVWLQJUHVXOWVDQGFRUHGDWDSRLQWVZHUHVHOHFWHG DQG),6KDVWKHDGYDQWDJHVRIERWKIX]]\LQIHUHQFHDQGQHXUDO DQGURFNW\SH 51 DUHFKRVHQKHUHWRGHVFULEHOLWKRORJ\ 3HW6FL (T  EHIRUHWUDLQLQJ ILYHNLQGVRIKLGGHQOD\HUQHXURQQXPEHUV B 7KXVWRWDOO\WLPHVRIQXPHULFDOH[SHULPHQWVZHUH xx FRQGXFWHGIRUHDFKRXWSXWLWHP V , ĭ DQG K. In light of sh x  x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able 2$11VZLWKEHVWLQSXWJURXSDQGVWUXFWXUH3HUIRUPDQFHRI ,WHPV ,QSXWYDULDEOHV +LGGHQOD\HUQHXURQV UDLQLQJ06(7 &KHFNLQJ06( V 75$&'(1*563 8  0.231 sh ĭ 75;257$&&1/'(1*55 10 0.089 0.128 K 75;2$&&1/'(1*55 11  0.139 14 50 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 Core data, % Core data, % $11SHUIRUPDQFHWRSUHGLFWSHUPHDELOLW\ $11SHUIRUPDQFHWRSUHGLFWVKDOHFRQWHQW Fig. 4 Fig. 2 WKHVHFRQGOD\HU P UHSUHVHQWVWKHPHPEHUVKLSGHJUHHRI the iWKLQSXWWRWKH jWKIX]]\VHW$*DXVVLDQIXQFWLRQJLYHQ E\(T  FDQEHXVHGDVWKHPHPEHUVKLSIXQFWLRQ 0) c DQG ı UHSUHVHQWWKHFHQWHUDQGZLGWKRIWKHIXQFWLRQ 20 ij ij 7KHILWQHVVYDOXHIRUHDFKUXOHLVFDOFXODWHGE\(T  LQ WKHWKLUGOD\HUZKHUH m=m m ...m 7KHIRXUWKOD\HULV 1 2 n QRUPDOL]DWLRQ DD D /(D D  ... )(T  VKRZV the 10 j j 12 m ZHLJKWVFDOFXODWLRQIRUPXOD7KHRXWSXWGDWDLQWKH¿IWKOD\HU FDQEHJLYHQDV(T  7KH1),0VKRXOGEHWUDLQHGE\HUURU EDFNSURSDJDWLRQDOJRULWKPDVWKHQHWZRUN%3WRJHWWKHEHVW 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 0)VDQGZHLJKWVZLWKPLQLPXPHUURUV /L-DIDULDQG Core data, % 0DVKRKRU ,QWKLVSDSHULQSXWVDQGRXWSXWKDYH EHHQFRQVLGHUHGLQ1),0)LJVKRZVWKHZRUNIORZRI Fig. 3$11SHUIRUPDQFHWRSUHGLFWSRURVLW\ 1),0 3.3 Construction of the NFIM xc iij j V ij P e )LJVKRZVDQHXURIX]]\LQIHUHQFHPDFKLQHZLWK n LQSXWVDQGRXWSXWEDVHGRQ67DNDJL6XJHQR  7 IX]]\ ii i 12 n D PP P ... j 12 n PRGHO /L 7KHQHWFRQWDLQVILYHOD\HUVWRWDOO\)RU ANN prediction, % ANN pred iction, % ANN pred iction, % ODUJHUQXPEHU(OVHLIWZRURFNW\SHVKDYHDOPRVWWKHVDPHRLO LQ PD PLQ  3HW6FL SDUDPHWHUIRULGHQWLI\LQJÀXLGV wp p x ... p x j jj 1 j n 01 n   6RPHFOXVWHULQJPHWKRGV *DR RUH[SHUW NQRZOHGJHFDQEHWDNHQWRUHGXFHUXOHVLIWKHUHDUHWRRPDQ\ yw D ¦ j j WRWUDLQUDSLGO\ j 1 )LJVKRZVWKDWWKHPLQLPXP06(ZLOOEHREWDLQHG DIWHULWHUDWLRQV,WZLOOEHRYHUWUDLQHGDIWHUWKDWSRLQW 6RWKHQXPEHURILWHUDWLRQVZDVVHWWRJHWWKHEHVW1),0 μ Į 1 1 1 VWUXFWXUH7KXVDZHOOWUDLQHG1),0KDVEHHQHVWDEOLVKHG VXFFHVVIXOO\)LJVKRZVLWVSUHGLFWLRQUHVXOWVFRPSDUHG ZLWKUHDOILHOGGDWD7KHRXWSXWQXPEHUVZLOOWUDQVIRUPWR x WKHQHDUHVWLQWHJHUVWRJHWXOWLPDWHFODVVL¿FDWLRQUHVXOWV7KH μ Į 2 DJUHHPHQWUDWHVDUHDPRQJWUDLQLQJFKHFNLQJDQGUHDO GDWD μ y n 10 . . . . Training . . Checking Į Į n m 0.1 Fig. 5 6WUXFWXUHRI1),0 0.01 Input and normalization: ( V , RN,ĭ, K, RT, SP ) sh 0.001 0 100 200 300 400 500 Iterations LAYER 2: Determine MF Fig. 73HUIRUPDQFHRIWKH1),0WUDLQLQJDQGFKHFNLQJGDWDDJDLQVW degrees by Eq. (3) iterations Real data LAYER 3: Determine Į under Training each fuzzy inference rule Checking LAYER 4: Determine w by Normalization Eq. (4) Data output: the predicting result y 0 102030405060 RUNÀRZGLDJUDPRIWKH1),0: Fig. 6 Sample No. Fig. 8&RPSDULVRQEHWZHHQUHDOGDWDDQG,3,6SUHGLFWLRQV 7KH0)QXPEHUVRIWKHLQSXWV V 51 ĭ , K75DQG sh 63DUHDQGUHVSHFWLYHO\7KHRXWSXWLVWKH 4 Applications LGHQWL¿FDWLRQUHVXOWZLWKQXPEHUVWKURXJKLQDFFRUGDQFH 7KHZHOOWUDLQHG,3,6ZDVSURJUDPPHGLQWRDVRIWZDUH ZLWKWKHZHOOWHVWLQJUHVXOWVRLOOD\HURLODQGZDWHUZDWHU VHWLVXDOXVLQJ%DVLF9VFULSW)LJVKRZVWKHFRPSDULVRQRI 7KH\DUHRUGHUHGE\RLOSRWHQWLDODQGWKHQOD\HUDQGGU\OD\HU ,3,6LQWHUSUHWDWLRQFRQFOXVLRQVZLWK¿QDOZHOOWHVWLQJUHVXOWV E\WRWDOSURGXFWVLQDFFRUGDQFHZLWKWKHSDUDPHWHUZR517 IRUZHOO$3RURVLW\DQGSHUPHDELOLW\IURP,3,6DJUHHGZHOO SRLQWVVKRXOGEHQRWHG ZLWKWKHFRUHGDWD7KHLGHQWL¿FDWLRQUHVXOWVDUHVFDWWHUSRLQWV 7KH0)QXPEHUVRI V DQG51DUHGHVLJQHGODUJHU sh HYHU\P7KHILQDOOD\HUVZHUHREWDLQHGE\PHUJLQJ EHFDXVHOLWKRORJ\LVWKHPRVWIXQGDPHQWDODQGPRVWVHQVLWLYH Identification result Mean squared error 2290 2300 2310 2320 2330 3HW6FL DGMDFHQWSRLQWVZKLFKKDYHWKHVDPHUHVXOWV6RWKHOD\HULQJ ZDWHUSURGXFWLRQRIP G(LJKWHHQOD\HUVRIP SURFHVVZDVDXWRPDWLF7KHXSSHUOD\HU P  IHFWLYHWKLFNQHVVIURPQHZZHOOVZHUHH[DPLQHGE\WRWDOHI LVLGHQWLILHGDVDQRLOOD\HUE\WKHFRQYHQWLRQDOPHWKRG ERWKFRQYHQWLRQDOPHWKRGVDQG,3,67KHUHZDVDFRPSOHWH +RZHYHU,3,6UHVXOWVDUHZDWHUOD\HUDQGGU\$QGOD\HUWKH DJUHHPHQWEHWZHHQ,3,6UHVXOWVDQG¿QDOZHOOWHVWLQJUHVXOWV ZHOOWHVWLQJUHVXOWLVDZDWHUOD\HUZLWKP GSURGXFWLRQ ,WLVREYLRXVWKDWWKH¿QDOPRGHOVDQGVRIWZDUHKDYHREWDLQHG ILQDOO\7KHORZHUOD\HU P LVLGHQWLILHGDVD JRRGUHVXOWVLQWKHHDVWHUQ-XQJJDU%DVLQ+RZHYHULWVHHPV SRRURLOOD\HUE\WKHFRQYHQWLRQDOPHWKRG+RZHYHU,3,6 QRWDOZD\VVRIHFWLYHHILQRWKHUDUHDV7KHPRGHOVVKRXOGEH UHVXOWLVDQRLODQGZDWHUOD\HU7KHILQDOWHVWLQJUHVXOWZDV HVWDEOLVKHGFDUHIXOO\DFFRUGLQJWRWKHJRDOIRUPDWLRQVEDVHG DQRLODQGZDWHUOD\HUZLWKDQRLOSURGXFWLRQRIWGDQG RQ,3,6LGHDV RT (OHMM) DEN (g/cm ) SP (mv) CORE PERM (mD) CORE POR (%) -50 50 0.2 200 1.95 2.95 030 0.1 1000 RI (OHMM) Core Lithology V (%) Testing GR (API) Depth CNL (%) IPIS Testing sh 0 150 0.2 200 0.45 -0.15 lithology 05 0 100 (m) result POR (%) PERM (mD) result result CAL (IN) RXO (OHMM) AC (us/ft) 0 30 0.1 1000 616 0.2 200 150 50 Water: 26.2 m /day Oil: 8.34 t/day 8 2 Water: 9.89 m /day $,GHQWL¿FDWLRQUHVXOWVIRUZHOO Fig. 9 5 Conclusions Acknowledgements 8VLQJFRQYHQWLRQDOPHWKRGVWRLGHQWLI\SRWHQWLDOSD\ 7KLVSDSHULVILQDQFLDOO\VXSSRUWHGE\WKH1DWLRQDO ]RQHVLQH[SORUDWLRQZHOOVLVRIWHQWLPHFRQVXPLQJDQG 6FLHQFHDQGHFKQRORJ\7 0DMRU'HPRQVWUDWLRQ3URMHFW =; DUHUHGXQGDQW References $QLQWHOOLJHQWSUHGLFWLRQDQGLGHQWLILFDWLRQV\VWHP ,3,6 EDVHGRQDQDUWLILFLDOQHXUDOQHWZRUN $11 DQGD HIXOHD$P-2$OWXQED\07LDE'HWDO(QKDQFHGUHVHUYRLU IX]]\LQIHUHQFHV\VWHP ),6 WKHRU\KDVEHHQSURSRVHGWR GHVFULSWLRQXVLQJFRUHDQGORJGDWDWRLGHQWLI\K\GUDXOLF IORZ LPSURYHFRQYHQWLRQDOPHWKRGV7KH,3,6KDVFKRVHQVL[ XQLWVDQGSUHGLFWSHUPHDELOLW\LQXQFRUHGLQWHUYDOVZHOOV IDFWRUVUHIOHFWLQJOLWKRORJLFDOSHWURSK\VLFDOSURSHUWLHVDQG 63( HOHFWULFDOUHVSRQVHV)LUVWO\VKDOHFRQWHQW V SRURVLW\ ĭ WW$%KD DQG+HOOH+%&RPPLWWHHQHXUDOQHWZRUNVIRUSRURVLW\DQG sh DQGSHUPHDELOLW\ K DUHSUHGLFWHGE\$11VIURPZHOOORJV SHUPHDELOLW\SUHGLFWLRQIURPZHOOORJV*HRSK\VLFDO3URVSHFWLQJ 7KHQURFNUHVSHFWLYHO\W\SHQXPEHU 51  V , ĭ, K6375 sh FKR%O6(PSLULFDOSUHGLFWLRQRISRURVLW\DQGSHUPHDELOLW\LQ DUHLQSXWLQWRDQHXURIX]]\LQIHUHQFHPDFKLQH 1),0 WRJHW $$3*%XOOHWLQ  VDQGVWRQHV the recognition results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¿WWLQJDQGJHWWKH VRQLFORJGLVWULEXWLRQV$FDVHVWXG\IURPWKH$QDGDUNR%DVLQ EHVWZHLJKWV 2NODKRPD-RXUQDORI3HWUROHXP6FLHQFHDQG(QJLQHHULQJ KDIHLVO(0DQG+DPDGD*01HXUDOQHWZRUNLGHQWLILFDWLRQRI DQGZHOOWHVWLQJUHVXOWVLVRWDOO\7PKDYHEHHQ K\GURFDUERQSRWHQWLDORIVKDO\VDQGUHVHUYRLUV63( FRUUHFWO\UHFRJQL]HGE\,3,6,WKDVSURYLGHGDQHIIHFWLYH QDQGHV0$U)H8VLQJQHXUDOQHWZRUNVIRUGHWHUPLQLQJK\GURFDUERQV PHWKRGRORJ\DQGDQHZGLUHFWLRQLQLGHQWLI\LQJVRSKLVWLFDWHG reservoirs. SUHVHQFHIURPZHOOORJVFDVHVWXG\IRU$ODJRDV%DVLQ63( 7KHDJUHHPHQWUDWHWRUHFRJQL]HOD\HUVEHWZHHQ,3,6 ORZUHVLVWLYLW\RLOUHVHUYRLUV'RFWRUDO'LVVHUWDWLRQ&KLQD8QLYHUVLW\ LQDFFXUDWHZKHQWKHIRUPDWLRQVDUHFRPSOH[DQGZHOOORJGDWD  3HW6FL 5*RD)DQJ:;<DQG&KHQJ*-,GHQWLILFDWLRQRIRLODQGJDV  UHVHUYRLUVXVLQJVXSHUYLVHGFRPPLWWHHPDFKLQHQHXUDOQHWZRUN UHVHUYRLUVEDVHGRQJHQWHPHUJDQL]LQJVSRQWDQHRXVRUIHDWXUHPDSV 6&011 -RXUQDORI3HWUROHXP6FLHQFHDQG(QJLQHHULQJ -RXUQDORI;L¶DQ6KL\RX8QLYHUVLW\ 1DWXUDO6FLHQFH(GLWLRQ LQ&KLQHVH VKQRRGNLD00RKVHQL+5DKPDQL.KR2HWDO2&7GHWHUPLQDWLRQRI ;%*RD)X]]\FOXVWHUDQDO\VLVDQGLWVDSSOLFDWLRQV;L DQ;LGLDQ 8QLYHUVLW\3XEOLVKLQJ+RXVH LQ&KLQHVH V\VWHPVDQGJHRFKHPLFDOGDWD-RXUQDORI3HWUROHXP6FLHQFHDQG 7   (QJLQHHULQJ 3:63XEOLVKLQJ&RPSDQ\ )/LQD+7;X&HWDO4XDQWLWDWLYHHYDOXDWLRQPHWKRGVIRUZDWHU *<,QWHOOLJHQWL/ 3UHGLFWLYH&RQWURODQG7/$%0$ QGHGLWLRQ  ÀRRGHGOD\HUVRIFRQJORPHUDWHUHVHUYRLUEDVHGRQZHOOORJJLQJGDWD LQ&KLQHVH %HLMLQJ3XEOLVKLQJ+RXVHRI(OHFWURQLFV,QGXVWU\ 3HWUROHXP6FLHQFH < J.DQGQD=KDQJ:/3UHGLFWLQJIRUPDWLRQOLWKRORJ\IURPORJGD WDE\ HFKQRORJ\3UHVV LQ&KLQHVH 7+DUELQ,QVWLWXWHRI XVLQJDQHXUDOQHWZRUN3HWUROHXP6FLHQFH HWDO,GHQWL¿FDWLRQRIWKH4XDWHUQDU\ORZJDV/L<+4=KRX-<;/L J;QD-:+X*0DQG&DR-;$SSOLFDWLRQRIPXOWLSOHDWWULEXWHV VDWXUDWLRQUHVHUYRLUVLQWKH6DQKXDUHDRIWKH4DLGDP%DVLQ&KLQD IXVLRQWHFKQRORJ\LQWKH6XHOO:%ORFN$SSOLHG*HRSK\VLFV 3HWUROHXP6FLHQFH =%L/'ULOOLQJ*HRSK\VLFDO([SORUDWLRQ%HLMLQJ*HRORJLFDO 5&KHQ:X&KHQ:7HWDO$WLPHGULYHQWUDQVPLVVLRQPHWKRGIRU 3XEOLVKLQJ+RXVH LQ&KLQHVH ZHOOORJJLQJQHWZRUNV3HWUROHXP6FLHQFH DUL$DQGI-D0RJKDGDP5+,QWHJUDWLRQRI$1),611DQG*$WR 6/=DQGH/L<53HWURSK\VLFDODQGFDSLOODU\SUHVVXUHSURSHUWLHVRI GHWHUPLQHFRUHSRURVLW\DQGSHUPHDELOLW\IURPFRQYHQWLRQDOZHOOORJ WKHXSSHUULDVVLF7;XMLDKH)RUPDWLRQWLJKWJDVVDQGVWRQHVLQVWHUQZH GDWD-RXUQDORI*HRSK\VLFVDQG(QJLQHHULQJ     6LFKXDQ&KLQD3HWUROHXP6FLHQFH DUL6I-D$DQG0DVKRKRU65REXVWFRPPLWWHHPDFKLQHIRUZDWHU ;&X'DL<6+X'HWDO7KHKLHUDUFKLFDOK\EULGIX]]\QHXUDO VDWXUDWLRQSUHGLFWLRQ-RXUQDORI3HWUROHXP6FLHQFHDQG(QJLQHHULQJ QHWZRUNEDVHGRQODVVRIXQFWLRQDQGLWVDSSOLFDWLRQWRFODVVL¿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¶DOJRULWKPLQSHUPHDELOLW\SUHGLFWLRQRISHWUROHXP (Edited by Hao Jie) V+DUELQ /L 6)X]]\&RQWURO1HXURFRQWURODQG,QWHOOLJHQW&\EHUQHWLF $ +DJ DQ0'HPXWK+%DQG%HDOH0+1HXUDO1HWZRUN'HVLJQ86 LJHQW *DGYDQ)RUPDWLRQLQ6RXWK3DUV*DV¿HOGXVLQJDUWL¿FLDOLQWHOO http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Petroleum Science Springer Journals

A new methodology for identification of potential pay zones from well logs: Intelligent system establishment and application in the Eastern Junggar Basin, China

Download PDF
7 pages

Loading next page...
 
/lp/springer-journals/a-new-methodology-for-identification-of-potential-pay-zones-from-well-qCa20u6yTo

References (35)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2014 by China University of Petroleum (Beijing) and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
Subject
Earth Sciences; Mineral Resources; Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering; Industrial and Production Engineering; Energy Economics
ISSN
1672-5107
eISSN
1995-8226
DOI
10.1007/s12182-014-0338-1
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

3HW6FL DOI 10.1007/s12182-014-0338-1 LGHQWL¿FDWLRQRIQHZPHWKRGRORJ\IRU$ potential pay zones from well logs: Intelligent system establishment and application in the Eastern Junggar Basin, China 1, 2 1, 2 1, 3 4 4 Guo Dali , Zhu Kai , Wang Liang , Li Jiaqi and Xu Jiangwen 6WDWH.H\/DERUDWRU\RI2LODQG*DV5HVHUYRLU*HRORJ\DQG([SORLWDWLRQ6RXWKZHVW3HWUROHXP8QLYHUVLW\6LFKXDQ &KLQD 6LFKXDQ&KLQD6FKRRORI6FLHQFHV6RXWKZHVW3HWUROHXP8QLYHUVLW\ 6LFKXDQ&KLQD6RXWKZHVW3HWUROHXP8QLYHUVLW\HFKQRORJ\76FKRRORI*HRVFLHQFHVDQG HFKQRORJ\5HVHDUFK,QVWLWXWH;LQMLDQJ2LO¿HOG%UD7(QJLQHHULQJ JHUODJ%HUOLQ+HLGHOEHU9‹&KLQD8QLYHUVLW\RI3HWUROHXP %HLMLQJ DQG6SULQJHU Abstract: ,QUHFHQW\HDUVDVWKHH[SORUDWLRQSUDFWLFHVH[WHQGLQWRPRUHFRPSOLFDWHGIRUPDWLRQV FRQYHQWLRQDOZHOOORJLQWHUSUHWDWLRQKDVRIWHQVKRZQLWVLQDFFXUDF\DQGOLPLWDWLRQVLQLGHQWLI\LQJ K\GURFDUERQV7KHXWRQJJRX3HUPLDQ:)RUPDWLRQKRVWVW\SLFDOFODVWLFUHVHUYRLUVLQWKH(DVWHUQ-XQJJDU %DVLQ7KHVRSKLVWLFDWHGOLWKRORJ\FKDUDFWHULVWLFVFDXVHFRPSOH[SRUHVWUXFWXUHVDQGIOXLGSURSHUWLHV 7KHVHDOO¿QDOO\FDXVHORZZHOOWHVWLQJDJUHHPHQWUDWHXVLQJFRQYHQWLRQDOPHWKRGV(OHYHQUHFHQW\HDUV¶ VWDWLVWLFVVKRZWKDWRXWRIZDWHUOD\HUVKDYHEHHQLQFRUUHFWO\LGHQWL¿HGDVEHLQJRLORURLOZDWHU OD\HUVE\FRQYHQWLRQDOZHOOORJLQWHUSUHWDWLRQ7KLVSDSHUSURSRVHVDPHWKRGRORJ\FDOOHGLQWHOOLJHQW SUHGLFWLRQDQGLGHQWL¿FDWLRQV\VWHP ,3,6 )LUVWO\SDUDPHWHUV UHÀHFWLQJOLWKRORJLFDOSHWURSK\VLFDODQG HOHFWULFDOUHVSRQVHVZKLFKDUHJUHDWO\UHODWHGWRUHVHUYRLUÀXLGVKDYHEHHQVHOHFWHGFDUHIXOO\7KH\DUH VKDOHFRQWHQW V QXPEHUHGURFNW\SH 51 SRURVLW\ ĭ SHUPHDELOLW\ K WUXHUHVLVWLYLW\7  5DQG sh VSRQWDQHRXVSRWHQWLDO 63 6HFRQGO\ V , ĭ DQG KDUHSUHGLFWHGIURPZHOOORJVWKURXJKDUWL¿FLDOQHXUDO sh QHWZRUNV $11V DOO)LQDOO\WKHVL[SDUDPHWHUVDUHLQSXWLQWRDQHXURIX]]\LQIHUHQFHPDFKLQH 1),0 WRJHWÀXLGVLGHQWL¿FDWLRQUHVXOWV(LJKWHHQQHZOD\HUVRIPIHFWLYHHIWKLFNQHVVZHUHH[DPLQHGE\ Key words: (DVWHUQ-XQJJDU%DVLQSRWHQWLDOSD\]RQHLGHQWL¿FDWLRQZHOORJOLQWHUSUHWDWLRQLQWHOOLJHQW V\VWHPQHXUDOQHWZRUNQHXURIX]]\LQIHUHQFHPDFKLQH ZDWHUOD\HUVKDYHEHHQLQFRUUHFWO\LGHQWLILHGDVRLORURLO 1 Introduction ZDWHUOD\HUVE\FRQYHQWLRQDOZHOOORJLQWHUSUHWDWLRQ,WKDV ,QUHFHQW\HDUVDVWKHH[SORUDWLRQSUDFWLFHVH[SDQGLQWR LQFUHDVHGZHOOWHVWLQJFRVWVWRRPXFK PXFKZLGHUDUHDVIRUPDWLRQVLWXDWLRQVKDYHEHFRPHPRUH &RPPRQO\SD\]RQHVFDQEHUHFRJQL]HGE\GUDZLQJ DQGPRUHFRPSOLFDWHGWKDQEHIRUH,WLVDELJFKDOOHQJHIRU FURVVSORWV &KHQJ 7KLVLVHIIHFWLYHXQGHUVSHFLILF FRQYHQWLRQDOZHOOORJLQWHUSUHWDWLRQWHFKQLTXHVWRLGHQWLI\ IRUPDWLRQVLWXDWLRQV7KHĭ75 FURVVSORWVKRXOGEHXVHG SRWHQWLDOSD\]RQHVDFFXUDWHO\7KH3HUPLDQXWRQJJRX: XQGHUVHYHUDOVLWXDWLRQVVLQJOHURFNW\SHUDUHO\VKDOH )RUPDWLRQLQWKHHDVWHUQ-XQJJDU%DVLQKRVWVVRPHRIWKH FRQWHQWDQGVWDEOHIRUPDWLRQZDWHUSURSHUWLHV+RZHYHUWKLV PRVWLPSRUWDQWFODVWLFUHVHUYRLUVLQWKH;LQMLDQJRLO7KH¿HOG PHWKRGRIWHQFRQVLGHUVWRRIHZIDFWRUVWRUHFRJQL]HPRUH UHVHUYRLUVDUHLQYDULRXVW\SHVRIOLWKRORJ\ZLWKVRSKLVWLFDWHG FRPSOH[OD\HUVLWXDWLRQVEHFDXVH)UHTXHQWO\RIWKHFRPSOH[ FKDUDFWHULVWLFVVLOWVWRQH¿QHVDQGVWRQHFRQJORPHUDWHZKLOH IRUPDWLRQVLWLVYHU\GLIILFXOWWRJHWHIIHFWLYHFURVVSORWV 7KH3HUPLDQXWRQJJRX: )RUPDWLRQLVDQH[DPSOHRIWKLV VKDOHWRGLIIHUHQWGHJUHHV7KH\FDXVHYDULRXVDQGFRPSOH[ $OVRSUREOHPLWLVWLPHFRQVXPLQJDQGKDUGWRKDQGOHZKHQ SRUHVWUXFWXUHVDQGKDYHDKLJKERXQGZDWHUVDWXUDWLRQ WRRPXFKGDWDZLWKLQDFFXUDF\IX]]LQHVVDQGUHGXQGDQF\ DYHUDJLQJ6WDWLVWLFVIRUVKRZWKDWRI LVFRQVLGHUHG6RLWLVQHFHVVDU\WRUHVRUWWRRWKHUPHWKRGV WRUHVROYHWKHVHVSHFL¿FSUREOHPV,QIDFWVRPHUHVHDUFKHUV KDYHWULHGLQWHOOLJHQWPHWKRGVWRH[WUDFWIOXLGLQIRUPDWLRQ HPDLO]KXBNDLFRP#FRP &RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU IURPZHOOORJVIRUEHWWHU=KRXDFFXUDF\HWDO  WULHGWR 5HFHLYHG)HEUXDU\ VRPHDUH¿OOHGZLWKDVKDQGWXIIVRPHDUH¿OOHGZLWKFOD\DQG ,3,67KHUHLVIXOODJUHHPHQWZLWKZHOOWHVWLQJUHVXOWV7KLVVKRZVWKHV\VWHP¶VDFFXUDF\DQGHIIHFWLYHQHVV QFKRI&13&;LQMLDQJ&KLQD 3HW6FL LGHQWLI\K\GURFDUERQVIURPZHOOORJVE\XVLQJDIX]]\QHXUDO 2 The methodology of intelligent systems QHWZRUN )11 (OVKDIHLDQG+DPDGD  KDYHDOVRXVHG DUWL¿FLDOQHXUDOQHWZRUNV $11 WRLGHQWLI\SRWHQWLDOOD\HUV 2.1 Reservoir characteristics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¶SHUIRUPDQFH/LHWDO 7KHUHVHUYRLUVDUHIRXQGLQYDULRXVOLWKRORJ\W\SHV XVHGDGHFLVLRQWUHH '& VXSSRUWYHFWRUPDFKLQH VLOWVWRQHILQHVDQGVWRQHVDQG\FRQJORPHUDWHDQGVRRQ 690 DQGURXJKVHW 56 WRLGHQWLI\ORZJDVVDWXUDWLRQ 6RPHDUH¿OOHGZLWKDVKDQGIWXIZKLOHPRVWDUH¿OOHGZLWK UHVHUYRLUV)HUQDQGHV  DOVRXVHG$11VWRGHWHUPLQH FOD\DQGVKDOHIHUHQWWRGHJUHHV7KH\GLIDUHGLYLGHGLQWRIRXU WKHSUHVHQFHRIK\GURFDUERQVZLWKZHOOORJVDQGIRUPXOD FODVVHVE\JUDLQVL]HDEOHLQ77KH¿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ÀXLGSRURVLW\DQGSHUPHDELOLW\ =KXHWDOX<HWDO DQGLGHQWLILFDWLRQ =KDQJ &RPSOH[OLWKRORJLFDOSURSHUWLHVDQGSRUHVWUXFWXUHV HWDO IURPZHOOORJVRURWKHUSDUDPHWHUV0DQ\RWKHU UHVXOWLQLQWULFDWHÀXLGGLVWULEXWLRQ7KHDYHUDJHERXQGZDWHU DQHWLQWHOOLJHQWDOPHWKRGVXKDYHHWEHHQDOXVHG7 : VDWXUDWLRQIURPFRUHGDWDLV)RUWKHZHOOORJRIWUXH -DIDULDQG0DVKRKRU 7 DQRLOOD\HUUHVLVWLYLW\LV 5ȍ PZLWKDQDYHUDJH 7KHUHDUHPDQ\IDFWRUVDIIHFWLQJXQGHUJURXQGIOXLG . . ȍ PZKLOH75RIDZDWHUOD\HULVȍ PZLWK LGHQWLILFDWLRQ/LWKRORJLFDOSHWURSK\VLFDOSURSHUWLHVDQG ȍ PDVWKHDYHUDJHYDOXH$VWKHVHSDUDPHWHUVRYHUODS WKH\FDQQRWGLVWLQJXLVKRLOIURPZDWHU 0HDQZKLOHWKHVHSURSHUWLHVDUHLPSOLFDWHGGHHSO\LQODUJH ,QDZRUGWKHYDULDQFHRIOLWKRORJ\DQGPLQHUDO IRXQGHGRQFDUHIXOVHOHFWLRQDQGDQDO\VLVRIPDVVLYHIX]]\ RIWKHPDUHWKHPDMRUFDXVHVWRGHWHUPLQHSRRUHOHFWULFDO UHGXQGDQWGDWDFRQVLGHULQJUHDOIRUPDWLRQVLWXDWLRQV7KLV UHVSRQVH7KH\FRPSUHKHQVLYHO\UHIOHFWLQWULFDWHIOXLG LVDOZD\VFKDOOHQJLQJZRUN+RZHYHUWKHOLWHUDWXUHDERYH GLVWULEXWLRQV KDYHRQO\UHFRUGVVLPSOHPHWKRGVWRSUHGLFWÀXLGLQIRUPDWLRQ GLUHFWO\IURPZHOOORJV&RPSOH[SUREOHPVKDYHEHHQ 2.2 Model idea and method RYHUVLPSOLILHG%DVHGRQWKHVHWKLVSDSHUKDVSURSRVHGD 'HILQLWHO\IOXLGLQIRUPDWLRQDIIHFWVDODUJHQXPEHU PHWKRGRORJ\FDOOHGLQWHOOLJHQWSUHGLFWLRQDQGLGHQWLILFDWLRQ RIORJGDWD,WLVRIWHQGLIILFXOWDQGLQDFFXUDWHWRH[WUDFW V\VWHP ,3,6 ZKLFKFRQVLGHUHGVSHFLILFVLWXDWLRQVLQWKH YDOXDEOHÀXLGGDWDIURPWKHPGLUHFWO\,QIDFWWKLVSUREOHP (DVWHUQ-XQJJDU%DVLQ7KH,3,6EDVHGRQ$11DQG),6 FDQEHSURFHVVHGE\VWHSV7KHSURSRVHGPHWKRGRORJ\ WKHRU\GLYLGHVWKHSUREOHPLQWRWZRSDUWVDQGUHVROYHVLWE\ WKHLQWHOOLJHQWSUHGLFWLRQDQGLGHQWLILFDWLRQV\VWHP ,3,6 VWHSV7KHUHDUHPDLQO\WKUHHSDUWVDVIROORZV7KHLGHDVRI PDLQO\FRQVLVWVRIWZRVWHSV %DVHGRQXQGHUVWDQGLQJ ,3,6DUHLQWKH¿UVW SDUW'DWDSUHSURFHVVLQJDQGFRQVWUXFWLRQ IRUPDWLRQVLWXDWLRQVVHOHFWDQGSUHGLFWSDUDPHWHUVUHÀHFWLQJ RIPRGHOVDUHLQWKHVHFRQG$QH[DPSOHDQGDSSOLFDWLRQV KDYHEHHQVKRZQ¿QDOO\ OLWKRORJLFDOSHWURSK\VLFDODQGHOHFWULFDOUHVSRQVHVZKLFKDUH Table 1)RUPDWLRQFKDUDFWHULVWLFV 6KDOH 7KURDWUDGLXV P P 3RURVLW\ P'3HUPHDELOLW\ %RXQGZDWHUVDWXUDWLRQ /LWKRORJ\ Range 0HDQ Range 0HDQ Range 0HDQ Range 0HDQ Range 0HDQ 0XGVWRQHZLWKVDQG  10.8 0.08-1.87 1.02 2.1-14.9 6LOWDQG¿QHVDQGVWRQH  8.2   1.2-21.1 11.1    49.1 0HGLXPDQGFRDUVHVDQGVWRQH  7.4 1.01-2.3 1.32    4.87  44.8 &RQJORPHUDWH   1.3-2.2      29.7-44.8 38.7 ERWKVWUXFWXUH$QGSRUHRIKHWHURJHQHLW\FDXVHVFRPSRQHQWV QXPEHUVRIZHOOORJV3UHGLFWLRQPRGHOVVKRXOGEHHODERUDWHO\ HOHFWULFDOUHVSRQVHVFRPSUHKHQVLYHO\UHÀHFWÀXLGLQIRUPDWLRQ RT 3HW6FL 7KUHHPHWKRGVWREHWWHUGHWHUPLQHIRUPDWLRQSDUDPHWHUVKHUH FORVHO\UHODWHGWRIRUPDWLRQIOXLGUHFRJQLWLRQ 3XWWKHVH $11PRGHOVDUHXVHGWRWUDLQDQGFDOFXODWH V , ĭ DQG K SDUDPHWHUVLQWRDQLQIHUHQFHV\VWHPWRLGHQWLI\ÀXLGVGLUHFWO\ sh UHVSHFWLYHO\5RFNW\SHVDUHODEHOHGE\QXPEHUV75DQG63 6WHSFRQFHQWUDWHVDQGDEVWUDFWVNH\LQIRUPDWLRQIURPJHODU DUHREWDLQHGIURPORJGDWD IX]]\DQGUHGXQGDQWGDWDDQGWKHQSURYLGHVFULWLFDOLQSXWVIRU 7KXVWKUHHW\SHVRISURSHUW\SDUDPHWHUVZKLFKFRQWDLQ VWHSWRJHWEHVWUHVXOWV 7KHVHOHFWLRQRILQSXWVIURPVWHSWRVWHSLVRIJUHDW VKDOHFRQWHQWURFNW\SHQXPEHUSRURVLW\SHUPHDELOLW\ LPSRUWDQFH:KHQWZRSRWHQWLDOOD\HUVKDYHVLPLODUSRUH WUXHUHVLVWLYLW\DQGVSRQWDQHRXVSRWHQWLDODUHREWDLQHGDV VWUXFWXUHVDQGHOHFWULFDOUHVSRQVHVWKHILQHUOLWKRORJ\OD\HU WKHLQSXWVIRUWKHQH[WVWHS²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¿FIRUPDWLRQVKDOHLQFRQWHQWWKLVSDSHU EHGHIX]]LILHGIURPIX]]\VHWVZKHQDQ),6ZRUNV)X]]\ sh UHODWLRQVKLSVEHWZHHQLQSXWVDQGRXWSXWVDUHH[SUHVVHGDV ĭ DQG K DUHFRQVLGHUHGWRJHWKHUWRGHVFULEHSRUHVWUXFWXUH ,)7+(1UXOHVEDVHGRQH[SHUWNQRZOHGJH+RZHYHUIX]]\ VLWXDWLRQUXH7UHVLVWLYLW\7  5DQGVSRQWDQHRXVSRWHQWLDO UXOHVDUHRIWHQKDUGWRJHWIURPDJHODUDPRXQWRIGDWD7KH 63 ZLOOEHFKRVHQVKDOHWRUHÀHFWÀXLGSURSHUWLHV1RUPDOO\ $11QHXURIX]]\LQIHUHQFHPDFKLQHWHFKQLTXHWKDWFRPELQHV FRQWHQWPD\EHPDLQO\GH¿QHGIURPJDPPDUD\FRXQWV *5 E\HPSLULFDOIRUPXODH /L RURWKHUZHOOORJV7KHVDQG URFNW\SHLVRIWHQGHWHUPLQHGE\VDQGVWRQHJUDLQVL]H ĭ QHWZRUN,WFDQOHDUQIX]]\UXOHVIURPJHODUDPRXQWVRIGDWD DQG KDUHKLJKO\UHODWHGWRZHOOORJV $PDHIXOHHWDO E\WUDLQLQJDQGFKHFNLQJ)LJVKRZVWKHDUFKLWHFWXUHRI %ORFK $11VDUHGHVLJQHGLQVWHDGRIFRQYHQWLRQDO 7KHGHWDLOVFDQEHIRXQGLQWKHIROORZLQJSDUW,3,6 ANN1 V sh Classification RN ANN2 ĭ Neuro-fuzzy Identifying Well logs INPUT inference OUTPUT result machine ANN3 K Normalization Normalization SP Fig. 1$UFKLWHFWXUHRI,3,6 3 Establishment of IPIS 3.2 Construction of ANNs 3.1 Data selection and preparation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¿UVW OD\HUVIURP UHGXQGDQF\QHFHVVDU\DQGWKHRXWGHJUHHSLFNLVVRPHWR,WWR VXIGH¿FLHQF\DUHGDWDIHULQJGDWDWHVWLQJUHVXOWVZHOO7KHDQG ÀXVKHG5;2UHVLVWLYLW\ ]RQH LQYDGHG5,UHVLVWLYLW\  WUXH WLPH &1/ FRPSHQVDWHG GHQVLW\ORJ '(1QHXURQORJ WUDLQLQJWHFKQLTXHWKDWVHQGVWKHLQSXWYDOXHVIRUZDUGWKURXJK WHVWLQJUHVXOWVDQGFRUHGDWDSRLQWVZHUHVHOHFWHG DQG),6KDVWKHDGYDQWDJHVRIERWKIX]]\LQIHUHQFHDQGQHXUDO DQGURFNW\SH 51 DUHFKRVHQKHUHWRGHVFULEHOLWKRORJ\ 3HW6FL (T  EHIRUHWUDLQLQJ ILYHNLQGVRIKLGGHQOD\HUQHXURQQXPEHUV B 7KXVWRWDOO\WLPHVRIQXPHULFDOH[SHULPHQWVZHUH xx FRQGXFWHGIRUHDFKRXWSXWLWHP V , ĭ DQG K. In light of sh x  x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able 2$11VZLWKEHVWLQSXWJURXSDQGVWUXFWXUH3HUIRUPDQFHRI ,WHPV ,QSXWYDULDEOHV +LGGHQOD\HUQHXURQV UDLQLQJ06(7 &KHFNLQJ06( V 75$&'(1*563 8  0.231 sh ĭ 75;257$&&1/'(1*55 10 0.089 0.128 K 75;2$&&1/'(1*55 11  0.139 14 50 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 Core data, % Core data, % $11SHUIRUPDQFHWRSUHGLFWSHUPHDELOLW\ $11SHUIRUPDQFHWRSUHGLFWVKDOHFRQWHQW Fig. 4 Fig. 2 WKHVHFRQGOD\HU P UHSUHVHQWVWKHPHPEHUVKLSGHJUHHRI the iWKLQSXWWRWKH jWKIX]]\VHW$*DXVVLDQIXQFWLRQJLYHQ E\(T  FDQEHXVHGDVWKHPHPEHUVKLSIXQFWLRQ 0) c DQG ı UHSUHVHQWWKHFHQWHUDQGZLGWKRIWKHIXQFWLRQ 20 ij ij 7KHILWQHVVYDOXHIRUHDFKUXOHLVFDOFXODWHGE\(T  LQ WKHWKLUGOD\HUZKHUH m=m m ...m 7KHIRXUWKOD\HULV 1 2 n QRUPDOL]DWLRQ DD D /(D D  ... )(T  VKRZV the 10 j j 12 m ZHLJKWVFDOFXODWLRQIRUPXOD7KHRXWSXWGDWDLQWKH¿IWKOD\HU FDQEHJLYHQDV(T  7KH1),0VKRXOGEHWUDLQHGE\HUURU EDFNSURSDJDWLRQDOJRULWKPDVWKHQHWZRUN%3WRJHWWKHEHVW 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 0)VDQGZHLJKWVZLWKPLQLPXPHUURUV /L-DIDULDQG Core data, % 0DVKRKRU ,QWKLVSDSHULQSXWVDQGRXWSXWKDYH EHHQFRQVLGHUHGLQ1),0)LJVKRZVWKHZRUNIORZRI Fig. 3$11SHUIRUPDQFHWRSUHGLFWSRURVLW\ 1),0 3.3 Construction of the NFIM xc iij j V ij P e )LJVKRZVDQHXURIX]]\LQIHUHQFHPDFKLQHZLWK n LQSXWVDQGRXWSXWEDVHGRQ67DNDJL6XJHQR  7 IX]]\ ii i 12 n D PP P ... j 12 n PRGHO /L 7KHQHWFRQWDLQVILYHOD\HUVWRWDOO\)RU ANN prediction, % ANN pred iction, % ANN pred iction, % ODUJHUQXPEHU(OVHLIWZRURFNW\SHVKDYHDOPRVWWKHVDPHRLO LQ PD PLQ  3HW6FL SDUDPHWHUIRULGHQWLI\LQJÀXLGV wp p x ... p x j jj 1 j n 01 n   6RPHFOXVWHULQJPHWKRGV *DR RUH[SHUW NQRZOHGJHFDQEHWDNHQWRUHGXFHUXOHVLIWKHUHDUHWRRPDQ\ yw D ¦ j j WRWUDLQUDSLGO\ j 1 )LJVKRZVWKDWWKHPLQLPXP06(ZLOOEHREWDLQHG DIWHULWHUDWLRQV,WZLOOEHRYHUWUDLQHGDIWHUWKDWSRLQW 6RWKHQXPEHURILWHUDWLRQVZDVVHWWRJHWWKHEHVW1),0 μ Į 1 1 1 VWUXFWXUH7KXVDZHOOWUDLQHG1),0KDVEHHQHVWDEOLVKHG VXFFHVVIXOO\)LJVKRZVLWVSUHGLFWLRQUHVXOWVFRPSDUHG ZLWKUHDOILHOGGDWD7KHRXWSXWQXPEHUVZLOOWUDQVIRUPWR x WKHQHDUHVWLQWHJHUVWRJHWXOWLPDWHFODVVL¿FDWLRQUHVXOWV7KH μ Į 2 DJUHHPHQWUDWHVDUHDPRQJWUDLQLQJFKHFNLQJDQGUHDO GDWD μ y n 10 . . . . Training . . Checking Į Į n m 0.1 Fig. 5 6WUXFWXUHRI1),0 0.01 Input and normalization: ( V , RN,ĭ, K, RT, SP ) sh 0.001 0 100 200 300 400 500 Iterations LAYER 2: Determine MF Fig. 73HUIRUPDQFHRIWKH1),0WUDLQLQJDQGFKHFNLQJGDWDDJDLQVW degrees by Eq. (3) iterations Real data LAYER 3: Determine Į under Training each fuzzy inference rule Checking LAYER 4: Determine w by Normalization Eq. (4) Data output: the predicting result y 0 102030405060 RUNÀRZGLDJUDPRIWKH1),0: Fig. 6 Sample No. Fig. 8&RPSDULVRQEHWZHHQUHDOGDWDDQG,3,6SUHGLFWLRQV 7KH0)QXPEHUVRIWKHLQSXWV V 51 ĭ , K75DQG sh 63DUHDQGUHVSHFWLYHO\7KHRXWSXWLVWKH 4 Applications LGHQWL¿FDWLRQUHVXOWZLWKQXPEHUVWKURXJKLQDFFRUGDQFH 7KHZHOOWUDLQHG,3,6ZDVSURJUDPPHGLQWRDVRIWZDUH ZLWKWKHZHOOWHVWLQJUHVXOWVRLOOD\HURLODQGZDWHUZDWHU VHWLVXDOXVLQJ%DVLF9VFULSW)LJVKRZVWKHFRPSDULVRQRI 7KH\DUHRUGHUHGE\RLOSRWHQWLDODQGWKHQOD\HUDQGGU\OD\HU ,3,6LQWHUSUHWDWLRQFRQFOXVLRQVZLWK¿QDOZHOOWHVWLQJUHVXOWV E\WRWDOSURGXFWVLQDFFRUGDQFHZLWKWKHSDUDPHWHUZR517 IRUZHOO$3RURVLW\DQGSHUPHDELOLW\IURP,3,6DJUHHGZHOO SRLQWVVKRXOGEHQRWHG ZLWKWKHFRUHGDWD7KHLGHQWL¿FDWLRQUHVXOWVDUHVFDWWHUSRLQWV 7KH0)QXPEHUVRI V DQG51DUHGHVLJQHGODUJHU sh HYHU\P7KHILQDOOD\HUVZHUHREWDLQHGE\PHUJLQJ EHFDXVHOLWKRORJ\LVWKHPRVWIXQGDPHQWDODQGPRVWVHQVLWLYH Identification result Mean squared error 2290 2300 2310 2320 2330 3HW6FL DGMDFHQWSRLQWVZKLFKKDYHWKHVDPHUHVXOWV6RWKHOD\HULQJ ZDWHUSURGXFWLRQRIP G(LJKWHHQOD\HUVRIP SURFHVVZDVDXWRPDWLF7KHXSSHUOD\HU P  IHFWLYHWKLFNQHVVIURPQHZZHOOVZHUHH[DPLQHGE\WRWDOHI LVLGHQWLILHGDVDQRLOOD\HUE\WKHFRQYHQWLRQDOPHWKRG ERWKFRQYHQWLRQDOPHWKRGVDQG,3,67KHUHZDVDFRPSOHWH +RZHYHU,3,6UHVXOWVDUHZDWHUOD\HUDQGGU\$QGOD\HUWKH DJUHHPHQWEHWZHHQ,3,6UHVXOWVDQG¿QDOZHOOWHVWLQJUHVXOWV ZHOOWHVWLQJUHVXOWLVDZDWHUOD\HUZLWKP GSURGXFWLRQ ,WLVREYLRXVWKDWWKH¿QDOPRGHOVDQGVRIWZDUHKDYHREWDLQHG ILQDOO\7KHORZHUOD\HU P LVLGHQWLILHGDVD JRRGUHVXOWVLQWKHHDVWHUQ-XQJJDU%DVLQ+RZHYHULWVHHPV SRRURLOOD\HUE\WKHFRQYHQWLRQDOPHWKRG+RZHYHU,3,6 QRWDOZD\VVRIHFWLYHHILQRWKHUDUHDV7KHPRGHOVVKRXOGEH UHVXOWLVDQRLODQGZDWHUOD\HU7KHILQDOWHVWLQJUHVXOWZDV HVWDEOLVKHGFDUHIXOO\DFFRUGLQJWRWKHJRDOIRUPDWLRQVEDVHG DQRLODQGZDWHUOD\HUZLWKDQRLOSURGXFWLRQRIWGDQG RQ,3,6LGHDV RT (OHMM) DEN (g/cm ) SP (mv) CORE PERM (mD) CORE POR (%) -50 50 0.2 200 1.95 2.95 030 0.1 1000 RI (OHMM) Core Lithology V (%) Testing GR (API) Depth CNL (%) IPIS Testing sh 0 150 0.2 200 0.45 -0.15 lithology 05 0 100 (m) result POR (%) PERM (mD) result result CAL (IN) RXO (OHMM) AC (us/ft) 0 30 0.1 1000 616 0.2 200 150 50 Water: 26.2 m /day Oil: 8.34 t/day 8 2 Water: 9.89 m /day $,GHQWL¿FDWLRQUHVXOWVIRUZHOO Fig. 9 5 Conclusions Acknowledgements 8VLQJFRQYHQWLRQDOPHWKRGVWRLGHQWLI\SRWHQWLDOSD\ 7KLVSDSHULVILQDQFLDOO\VXSSRUWHGE\WKH1DWLRQDO ]RQHVLQH[SORUDWLRQZHOOVLVRIWHQWLPHFRQVXPLQJDQG 6FLHQFHDQGHFKQRORJ\7 0DMRU'HPRQVWUDWLRQ3URMHFW =; DUHUHGXQGDQW References $QLQWHOOLJHQWSUHGLFWLRQDQGLGHQWLILFDWLRQV\VWHP ,3,6 EDVHGRQDQDUWLILFLDOQHXUDOQHWZRUN $11 DQGD HIXOHD$P-2$OWXQED\07LDE'HWDO(QKDQFHGUHVHUYRLU IX]]\LQIHUHQFHV\VWHP ),6 WKHRU\KDVEHHQSURSRVHGWR GHVFULSWLRQXVLQJFRUHDQGORJGDWDWRLGHQWLI\K\GUDXOLF IORZ LPSURYHFRQYHQWLRQDOPHWKRGV7KH,3,6KDVFKRVHQVL[ XQLWVDQGSUHGLFWSHUPHDELOLW\LQXQFRUHGLQWHUYDOVZHOOV IDFWRUVUHIOHFWLQJOLWKRORJLFDOSHWURSK\VLFDOSURSHUWLHVDQG 63( HOHFWULFDOUHVSRQVHV)LUVWO\VKDOHFRQWHQW V SRURVLW\ ĭ WW$%KD DQG+HOOH+%&RPPLWWHHQHXUDOQHWZRUNVIRUSRURVLW\DQG sh DQGSHUPHDELOLW\ K DUHSUHGLFWHGE\$11VIURPZHOOORJV SHUPHDELOLW\SUHGLFWLRQIURPZHOOORJV*HRSK\VLFDO3URVSHFWLQJ 7KHQURFNUHVSHFWLYHO\W\SHQXPEHU 51  V , ĭ, K6375 sh FKR%O6(PSLULFDOSUHGLFWLRQRISRURVLW\DQGSHUPHDELOLW\LQ DUHLQSXWLQWRDQHXURIX]]\LQIHUHQFHPDFKLQH 1),0 WRJHW $$3*%XOOHWLQ  VDQGVWRQHV the recognition results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¿WWLQJDQGJHWWKH VRQLFORJGLVWULEXWLRQV$FDVHVWXG\IURPWKH$QDGDUNR%DVLQ EHVWZHLJKWV 2NODKRPD-RXUQDORI3HWUROHXP6FLHQFHDQG(QJLQHHULQJ KDIHLVO(0DQG+DPDGD*01HXUDOQHWZRUNLGHQWLILFDWLRQRI DQGZHOOWHVWLQJUHVXOWVLVRWDOO\7PKDYHEHHQ K\GURFDUERQSRWHQWLDORIVKDO\VDQGUHVHUYRLUV63( FRUUHFWO\UHFRJQL]HGE\,3,6,WKDVSURYLGHGDQHIIHFWLYH QDQGHV0$U)H8VLQJQHXUDOQHWZRUNVIRUGHWHUPLQLQJK\GURFDUERQV PHWKRGRORJ\DQGDQHZGLUHFWLRQLQLGHQWLI\LQJVRSKLVWLFDWHG reservoirs. SUHVHQFHIURPZHOOORJVFDVHVWXG\IRU$ODJRDV%DVLQ63( 7KHDJUHHPHQWUDWHWRUHFRJQL]HOD\HUVEHWZHHQ,3,6 ORZUHVLVWLYLW\RLOUHVHUYRLUV'RFWRUDO'LVVHUWDWLRQ&KLQD8QLYHUVLW\ LQDFFXUDWHZKHQWKHIRUPDWLRQVDUHFRPSOH[DQGZHOOORJGDWD  3HW6FL 5*RD)DQJ:;<DQG&KHQJ*-,GHQWLILFDWLRQRIRLODQGJDV  UHVHUYRLUVXVLQJVXSHUYLVHGFRPPLWWHHPDFKLQHQHXUDOQHWZRUN UHVHUYRLUVEDVHGRQJHQWHPHUJDQL]LQJVSRQWDQHRXVRUIHDWXUHPDSV 6&011 -RXUQDORI3HWUROHXP6FLHQFHDQG(QJLQHHULQJ -RXUQDORI;L¶DQ6KL\RX8QLYHUVLW\ 1DWXUDO6FLHQFH(GLWLRQ LQ&KLQHVH VKQRRGNLD00RKVHQL+5DKPDQL.KR2HWDO2&7GHWHUPLQDWLRQRI ;%*RD)X]]\FOXVWHUDQDO\VLVDQGLWVDSSOLFDWLRQV;L DQ;LGLDQ 8QLYHUVLW\3XEOLVKLQJ+RXVH LQ&KLQHVH V\VWHPVDQGJHRFKHPLFDOGDWD-RXUQDORI3HWUROHXP6FLHQFHDQG 7   (QJLQHHULQJ 3:63XEOLVKLQJ&RPSDQ\ )/LQD+7;X&HWDO4XDQWLWDWLYHHYDOXDWLRQPHWKRGVIRUZDWHU *<,QWHOOLJHQWL/ 3UHGLFWLYH&RQWURODQG7/$%0$ QGHGLWLRQ  ÀRRGHGOD\HUVRIFRQJORPHUDWHUHVHUYRLUEDVHGRQZHOOORJJLQJGDWD LQ&KLQHVH %HLMLQJ3XEOLVKLQJ+RXVHRI(OHFWURQLFV,QGXVWU\ 3HWUROHXP6FLHQFH < J.DQGQD=KDQJ:/3UHGLFWLQJIRUPDWLRQOLWKRORJ\IURPORJGD WDE\ HFKQRORJ\3UHVV LQ&KLQHVH 7+DUELQ,QVWLWXWHRI XVLQJDQHXUDOQHWZRUN3HWUROHXP6FLHQFH HWDO,GHQWL¿FDWLRQRIWKH4XDWHUQDU\ORZJDV/L<+4=KRX-<;/L J;QD-:+X*0DQG&DR-;$SSOLFDWLRQRIPXOWLSOHDWWULEXWHV VDWXUDWLRQUHVHUYRLUVLQWKH6DQKXDUHDRIWKH4DLGDP%DVLQ&KLQD IXVLRQWHFKQRORJ\LQWKH6XHOO:%ORFN$SSOLHG*HRSK\VLFV 3HWUROHXP6FLHQFH =%L/'ULOOLQJ*HRSK\VLFDO([SORUDWLRQ%HLMLQJ*HRORJLFDO 5&KHQ:X&KHQ:7HWDO$WLPHGULYHQWUDQVPLVVLRQPHWKRGIRU 3XEOLVKLQJ+RXVH LQ&KLQHVH ZHOOORJJLQJQHWZRUNV3HWUROHXP6FLHQFH DUL$DQGI-D0RJKDGDP5+,QWHJUDWLRQRI$1),611DQG*$WR 6/=DQGH/L<53HWURSK\VLFDODQGFDSLOODU\SUHVVXUHSURSHUWLHVRI GHWHUPLQHFRUHSRURVLW\DQGSHUPHDELOLW\IURPFRQYHQWLRQDOZHOOORJ WKHXSSHUULDVVLF7;XMLDKH)RUPDWLRQWLJKWJDVVDQGVWRQHVLQVWHUQZH GDWD-RXUQDORI*HRSK\VLFVDQG(QJLQHHULQJ     6LFKXDQ&KLQD3HWUROHXP6FLHQFH DUL6I-D$DQG0DVKRKRU65REXVWFRPPLWWHHPDFKLQHIRUZDWHU ;&X'DL<6+X'HWDO7KHKLHUDUFKLFDOK\EULGIX]]\QHXUDO VDWXUDWLRQSUHGLFWLRQ-RXUQDORI3HWUROHXP6FLHQFHDQG(QJLQHHULQJ QHWZRUNEDVHGRQODVVRIXQFWLRQDQGLWVDSSOLFDWLRQWRFODVVL¿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¶DOJRULWKPLQSHUPHDELOLW\SUHGLFWLRQRISHWUROHXP (Edited by Hao Jie) V+DUELQ /L 6)X]]\&RQWURO1HXURFRQWURODQG,QWHOOLJHQW&\EHUQHWLF $ +DJ DQ0'HPXWK+%DQG%HDOH0+1HXUDO1HWZRUN'HVLJQ86 LJHQW *DGYDQ)RUPDWLRQLQ6RXWK3DUV*DV¿HOGXVLQJDUWL¿FLDOLQWHOO

Journal

Petroleum Science – Springer Journals

Published: May 7, 2014

There are no references for this article.