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Endocavity ultrasound and photoacoustic system for fetal and maternal imaging: design, implementation, and ex-vivo validation

Endocavity ultrasound and photoacoustic system for fetal and maternal imaging: design,... Abstract.Purpose: Transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) is a widely used real-time and non-invasive imaging technique for fetal and maternal care. It can provide structural and functional measurements about the fetal brain, such as blood vessel diameter and blood flow. However, it lacks certain biochemical estimations, such as hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SO2), which limits its ability to indicate a fetus at risk of birth asphyxia. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has been steadily growing in recognition as a complement to ultrasound (US). Studies have shown PA imaging is capable of providing such biochemical estimations as SO2 at relatively high penetration depth (up to 30 mm).Approach: In this study, we have designed and developed a multi-modal (US, PA, and Doppler) endocavity imaging system (ECUSPA) around a commercialized TVUS probe (Philips ATL C9-5).Results: The integrated system was evaluated through a set of in-vitro, ex-vivo, and in-vivo studies. Imaging of excised sheep brain tissue demonstrated the system’s utility and penetration depth in transfontanelle imaging conditions. The accuracy of using the spectroscopic PA imaging (sPA) method to estimate SO2 was validated by comparing sPA oximetry results with the gold standard measurements indicated by a blood gas analyzer. The ability of US and Doppler to measure moving blood volume was evaluated in-vivo. Spectral unmixing capabilities were tested using fluorophores within sheep brains.Conclusion: The developed system is a high resolution (about 200  μm at 30 mm depth), real-time (at 30 Hz), and quantitative (SO2 estimation error <10  %  ) imaging tool with a total diameter less than 30 mm, making it suitable for intrapartum applications such as fetal and maternal diagnostics. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Medical Imaging SPIE

Endocavity ultrasound and photoacoustic system for fetal and maternal imaging: design, implementation, and ex-vivo validation

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References (78)

Publisher
SPIE
Copyright
© 2021 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
ISSN
2329-4302
eISSN
2329-4310
DOI
10.1117/1.jmi.8.6.066001
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract.Purpose: Transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) is a widely used real-time and non-invasive imaging technique for fetal and maternal care. It can provide structural and functional measurements about the fetal brain, such as blood vessel diameter and blood flow. However, it lacks certain biochemical estimations, such as hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SO2), which limits its ability to indicate a fetus at risk of birth asphyxia. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has been steadily growing in recognition as a complement to ultrasound (US). Studies have shown PA imaging is capable of providing such biochemical estimations as SO2 at relatively high penetration depth (up to 30 mm).Approach: In this study, we have designed and developed a multi-modal (US, PA, and Doppler) endocavity imaging system (ECUSPA) around a commercialized TVUS probe (Philips ATL C9-5).Results: The integrated system was evaluated through a set of in-vitro, ex-vivo, and in-vivo studies. Imaging of excised sheep brain tissue demonstrated the system’s utility and penetration depth in transfontanelle imaging conditions. The accuracy of using the spectroscopic PA imaging (sPA) method to estimate SO2 was validated by comparing sPA oximetry results with the gold standard measurements indicated by a blood gas analyzer. The ability of US and Doppler to measure moving blood volume was evaluated in-vivo. Spectral unmixing capabilities were tested using fluorophores within sheep brains.Conclusion: The developed system is a high resolution (about 200  μm at 30 mm depth), real-time (at 30 Hz), and quantitative (SO2 estimation error <10  %  ) imaging tool with a total diameter less than 30 mm, making it suitable for intrapartum applications such as fetal and maternal diagnostics.

Journal

Journal of Medical ImagingSPIE

Published: Nov 1, 2021

Keywords: endocavity; ultrasound; photoacoustic; Doppler; fetal; maternal; delivery

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