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Refinement: A Sense of Progress

Refinement: A Sense of Progress ATLA 37, 149–153, 2009 149 Editorial help to accelerate progress. The authors and other Introduction Boyd Group members came from industry, acade- mia, funding bodies, and animal welfare organisa- Russell and Burch described refinement as: “any tions. They had considerable refinement decrease in the incidence or severity of inhumane experience, and had been working in the field for procedures applied to those animals which still have many years, so the points the report made were an to be used [in experiments]”. The term has since accurate reflection of the situation at the time. been developed to include the positive concept of Indeed, they have subsequently been echoed in improving welfare, as well as reducing suffering, reports by, for example, the House of Lords in and to encompass the full lifetime experience of the 2002, and the Nuffield Council on Bioethics in animals, not just scientific procedures. For example, in addition to more-obvious refinements such as the Refinement (and, in fact, all the Three Rs) are application of humane endpoints and better preven- now commonly used to support the argument tion and alleviation of pain, other potential sources within the animal experimentation debate that of suffering where refinement can be http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Alternatives to Laboratory Animals SAGE

Refinement: A Sense of Progress

Jennings, Maggy
Alternatives to Laboratory Animals , Volume 37 (2): 5 – Apr 1, 2009
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References (5)

Publisher
SAGE
Copyright
© 2009 Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments
ISSN
0261-1929
eISSN
2632-3559
DOI
10.1177/026119290903700201
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

ATLA 37, 149–153, 2009 149 Editorial help to accelerate progress. The authors and other Introduction Boyd Group members came from industry, acade- mia, funding bodies, and animal welfare organisa- Russell and Burch described refinement as: “any tions. They had considerable refinement decrease in the incidence or severity of inhumane experience, and had been working in the field for procedures applied to those animals which still have many years, so the points the report made were an to be used [in experiments]”. The term has since accurate reflection of the situation at the time. been developed to include the positive concept of Indeed, they have subsequently been echoed in improving welfare, as well as reducing suffering, reports by, for example, the House of Lords in and to encompass the full lifetime experience of the 2002, and the Nuffield Council on Bioethics in animals, not just scientific procedures. For example, in addition to more-obvious refinements such as the Refinement (and, in fact, all the Three Rs) are application of humane endpoints and better preven- now commonly used to support the argument tion and alleviation of pain, other potential sources within the animal experimentation debate that of suffering where refinement can be

Journal

Alternatives to Laboratory Animals – SAGE

Published: Apr 1, 2009

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