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The authors investigated long-term memory for true written information about osteoarthritisthat disconfirms the reader's erroneous prior beliefs. Independent variables included information type (text affirms the reader's correct belief or disconfirms the reader's erroneous belief),signaling (disconfirming information either signaled or not signaled in the text), and beliefrepetition (target beliefs either assessed or not assessed immediately after reading the passages).The relation between the reader's attitudinal fiexibility and long-term memory was also examined. Participants were 85 adults (65-80 years old) who self-reported having osteoarthritis forat least 2 years. The authors found (a) disconfirming information was less accurately recognizedand recalled than affirming information, (b) repetition ofbeliefs enhanced accurate recognitionof disconfirming information and interacted with signaling to increase revision of misconceptions, and (c) attitudinal flexibility was significantly (p < .05) correlated with both accuraterecognition of disconfirming information (r = .32) and revision of misconceptions (r = .26).
Journal of Applied Gerontology – SAGE
Published: Mar 1, 1997
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