Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
Robert Solow, W. Deming (1950)
Some Theory of SamplingJournal of the American Statistical Association, 114
Q. Mcnemar (1940)
Sampling in psychological research.Psychological Bulletin, 37
H. Patterson, Palmer Johnson, M. Rao (1960)
Modern Sampling Methods, 123
(1961)
The sampling problem in educational research
E. Edgington (1966)
Statistical inference and nonrandom samples.Psychological bulletin, 66 6
P. Blommers, E. Lindquist (1960)
Elementary statistical methods in psychology and education
D. Penfold, H. Butcher (1966)
Sampling in Educational ResearchBritish Journal of Educational Studies, 14
(1971)
Scales, norms, and equivalent scores
(1953)
Sampling survey methods and theory
F. Shaw, Raymond join, S. Elam (1960)
Second Annual Phi Delta Kappa Symposium on Educational Research., 33
L. Kish (1957)
CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR CLUSTERED SAMPLESAmerican Sociological Review, 22
J. Bergsten (1958)
A Nationwide Sample of Girls from School ListsJournal of Experimental Education, 26
Mark Seli (1954)
“Some Sampling Problems in Educational Research.”Nursing Research, 3
H. Walker (1929)
The Sampling Problem in Educational ResearchTeachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education, 30
F. Lord (1957)
TEST NORMS AND SAMPLING THEORYPsychometrika, 1957
F. Kerlinger, Howard Lee (1965)
Foundations of Behavioral Research
L. Kish, I. Hess (1959)
On Variances of Ratios and their Differences in Multi-Stage SamplesJournal of the American Statistical Association, 54
The magnitude and direction of statistical bias from nonrandom samples of specific types was investigated. Samples from school district populations were generated by a multistage sampling technique, with a modification that substituted for random selection the nomination of sample units at each stage. Within these stages, superintendents were asked to nominate samples of “representative” schools, principals to nominate samples of “representative” classrooms, and teachers to nominate samples of “representative” students. Statistics for the nominated samples were compared to the corresponding theoretical sampling distributions, determined by the appropriate population parameters, under the assumption of random selection. As the sampling proceeded from samples of schools, to samples of classrooms, to samples of students, the respective sample statistics increasingly deviated from expectation implying greater degrees of statistical bias.
American Educational Research Journal – SAGE
Published: Nov 23, 2016
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.