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R. Roguet, J. Cotovio, Q. Gaetani, K. Dossou, A. Rougier (1993)
Cytotoxicity of 28 MEIC Chemicals to Rat Hepatocytes using Two Viability Endpoints: Correlation with Acute Toxicity Data in Rat and ManAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 21
A. Kahru (1993)
In Vitro Toxicity Testing Using Marine Luminescent Bacteria (Photobacterium phosphoreum): the Biotox™ testAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 21
Lourdes Garza-Oeañas, O. Torres-Alanís, A. Piñeyro-López (1990)
Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of 18 Compounds in Six Rat Cell LinesAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 17
G. Repetto, P. Sanz (1993)
Neutral Red Uptake, Cellular Growth and Lysosomal Function: In Vitro Effects of 24 MetalsAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 21
L. Smith, R. Clothier, Sonia Hillidge, M. Balls (1992)
Modification of the FRAME Kenacid Blue Method for Cytotoxicity Tests on Volatile MaterialsAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 20
G. Fiskesjö, A. Levan (1993)
Evaluation of the First Ten MEIC Chemicals in the Allium TestAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 21
(1993)
Of bacteria and men
S. Wakuri, J. Izumi, K. Sasaki, N. Tanaka, H. Ono (1993)
Cytotoxicity study of 32 MEIC chemicals by colony formation and ATP assays.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 7 4
(1993)
1993l. In vitro toxicokinetic modes of MEIC chemicals determined on a human cell line bv the LDH release assay
(1984)
Daphnia species , acute immobilisation test and reproduction test
A. Bassi, O. Bosco, S. Brenci, D. Adamo, S. Penco, S. Piana, M. Ferro, G. Nanni (1993)
Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of the First 20 MEIC Chemicals in Two Hepatoma Cell Lines with Different Xenobiotic Metabolism CapacitiesAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 21
R. Jover, X. Ponsoda, J. Castell, M. Gómez‐Lechón (1992)
Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of ten chemicals on human cultured hepatocytes: Predictability of human toxicity and comparison with rodent cell culture systems.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 6 1
(1991)
Bestimmung del' Zytotoxizitiit von Detergentien, Pestiziden und anderen Chemikalien mit dem Pollen Test (pollen tube growth testl
(1992)
Selected TitlesAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 20
(1995)
The World Congres« 011 Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Science
Dyfed SY23 3DA, UK; 2°Institute for Life Science and Chemistry
K. Lavrijsen, D. Dijck, J. Houdt, Ingrid Pelt, W. Meuldermans, J. Heykants (1988)
In Vitro Screening for Hepatotoxicity of Xenobiotics using Isolated HepatocytesAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 15
Michael Gulden, J. Finger (1992)
Effects of the First Twenty MEIC Reference Chemicals on Viability, Glucose Consumption and Spontaneous Contractility of Primary Cultured Rat Skeletal Muscle CellsAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 20
B. Ekwall, I. Bondesson, J. Castell, M. Gómez‐Lechón, S. Hellberg, J. Högberg, R. Jover, X. Ponsoda, L. Romert, K. Stenberg, E. Walum (1989)
Cytotoxicity Evaluation of the First Ten MEIC Chemicals: Acute Lethal Toxicity in Man Predicted by Cytotoxicity in Five Cellular Assays and by Oral LD50 Tests in RodentsAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 17
G. Kerszman (1993)
Toxicity of the First Ten MEIC Chemicals to BacteriaAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 21
J . C . I 19 . 55 l . Lactic dehv - drogenase in blood
Mabel Calleja, G. Persoone (1992)
Cyst-Based Toxicity Tests. IV. The Potential of Ecotoxicological Tests for the Prediction of Acute Toxicity in Man as Evaluated on the First Ten Chemicals of the MEIC ProgrammeAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 20
U. Kristen, U. Hoppe, W. Pape, K. Botani (1993)
The pollen tube growth test: A new alternative to the Draize eye irritation assayJournal of the society of cosmetic chemists, 44
M. Balls, J. Bridges, J. Southee (1991)
Animals and Alternatives in Toxicology
Richard Kemp, D. Cross, R.W.J. Meredith (1988)
Comparison of cell death and adenosine triphosphate content as indicators of acute toxicity in vitro.Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems, 18 6
(1992)
Features and prospects of the MEIC cytotoxicity evaluation project
R. Kemp, R. Meredith, S. Gamble, M. Frost (1983)
Toxicity of Detergent-based Commercial Products on Cells of a Mouse Line in Suspension Culture as a Possible Screen for the Draize Rabbit Eye Irritation TestAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 11
(1993)
Cyst - based toxicity tests . III . Development and standardisation of an acute toxicity test with the freshwater anostracan crustacean Strep - tocephalus proboscideus
X. Ponsoda, R. Jover, J. Castell, M. Gómez‐Lechón (1990)
In Vitro Toxicity to Two Cellular Systems of the First Ten Chemicals on the MEIC ListAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 17
P. Dierickx (1989)
Cytotoxicity testing of 114 compounds by the determination of the protein content in Hep G2 cell cultures.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 3 3
Features and prospects of the MEIC cytotoxicity evaluation project. AATEX I
A. Shaw (1994)
Defining Cell Viability and CytotoxicityAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 22
L'Oreal, Laboratoires de Recherche Fondamentale, 1 Avenue Eugene Schueller, 93601 Aulnay-sous-Boie Cedex, France; 9In Vitro Toxicology, Division of Toxicology, Microbiological Associates lnc
B. Ekwall (1980)
Toxicity to HeLa cell of 205 drugs as determined by the metabolic inhibition test supplemented by microscopy.Toxicology, 17 3
F. Barile, S. Arjun, D. Hopkinson (1993)
In vitro cytotoxicity testing: Biological and statistical significance.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 7 2
M. Gülden, H. Seibert, J. Voss (1994)
In vitro toxicity screening using cultured rat skeletal muscle cells. II. Agents affecting excitable membranes.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 8 2
M. Weiss, T. Sawyer (1993)
Cytotoxicity of the MEIC test chemicals in primary neurone cultures.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 7 5
R. Clothier, L. Hulme, Aamer Ahmed, H. Reeves, Moira Smith, M. Balls (1988)
In Vitro Cytotoxicity of 150 Chemicals to 3T3-L1 Cells, Assessed by the FRAME Kenacid Blue MethodAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 16
L. Romert, Tommy Jansson, Dag Jenssen (1994)
The cytotoxicity of 50 chemicals from the MEIC study determined by growth inhibition of ascites sarcoma BP8 cells: a comparison with acute toxicity data in man and rodents.Toxicology letters, 71 1
M. Kunimoto, Y. Aoki, K. Shibata, T. Miura (1992)
Differential cytotoxic effects of methylmercury and organotin compounds on mature and immature neuronal cells and non-neuronal cells in vitro.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 6 4
(1993)
The basal cytotoxicity concept
(1986)
Methods for preparation of adult and fetal hepatocytes
In vitro toxicokinetic modes of MEIC chemicals determined on a human cell line bv the LDH release assay
H. Lilius, B. Isomaa, T. Holmström (1994)
A comparison of the toxicity of 50 reference chemicals to freshly isolated rainbow trout hepatocytes and Daphnia magnaAquatic Toxicology, 30
B. Ekwall, I. Bondesson, S. Hellberg, J. Högberg, L. Romert, K. Stenberg, E. Walum (1991)
Validation of In Vitro Cytotoxicity Tests — Past and Present StrategiesAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 19
H. Seibert, Michael Gulden, M. Kolossa, G. Schepers (1992)
Evaluation of the Relevance of Selected In Vitro Toxicity Test Systems for Acute Systemic ToxicityAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 20
(1994)
Introduction to In Vitro Cvtotoxicology: Mechanisms and Methods, 222 -pp
Mabel Calleja, G. Persoone, P. Geladi (1993)
The Predictive Potential of a Battery of Ecotoxicological Tests for Human Acute Toxicity, as Evaluated with the First 50 MEIC ChemicalsAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 21
Department of Natural Sciences, YOI'll College
E. Borenfreund, J. Puerner (1985)
A simple quantitative procedure using monolayer cultures for cytotoxicity assays (HTD/NR-90)Journal of Tissue Culture Methods, 9
M. Gülden (1993)
In vitro toxicity screening using cultured rat skeletal muscle cells. I. Surfactants and mitochondrial poisons.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 7 1
C. Zanetti, I. Angelis, A. Stammati, F. Zucco (1992)
Evaluation of Toxicity Testing of 20 MEIC Chemicals on Hep-2 Cells Using Two Viability EndpointsAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 20
F. Wróblewski, J. Ladue (1955)
Lactic Dehydrogenase Activity in Blood.∗Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 90
P. Dierickx, B. Ekwall (1992)
Long-term Cytotoxicity Testing of the First Twenty MEIC Chemicals by the Determination of the Protein Content in Human Embryonic Lung CellsAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 20
M. Balls, J. Bridges, J. Southee (1991)
Animals and Alternatives in Toxicology: Present Status and Future Prospects (The Second Report of the FRAME Toxicity Committee) 1Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, 19
B. Ekwall (1983)
SCREENING OF TOXIC COMPOUNDS IN MAMMALIAN CELL CULTURESAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 407
M. Andersson, A. Forsby, L. Lewan (1990)
Determination of ATP Leakage from Cultured Cells in Toxicity Testing: A Two-Step Bioluminescent AssayAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 17
S. Hellberg, L. Eriksson, J. Jonsson, F. Lindgren, M. Sjöström, S. Wold, B. Ekwall, M. Gómez‐Lechón, R. Clothier, N. Accomando, Angie Grimes, F. Barile, M. Nordin, C. Tyson, P. Dierickx, R. Shrivastava, Mette Tingsleff-Skaanild, L. Garza-Ocañas, G. Fiskesjö (1990)
Analogy Models for Prediction of Human ToxicityAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 18
(1994)
Correlation of in vitro toxicities of MEIC chemicals determined by lactate dehydrogenase release assay with in vivo toxicities to animal and human
The multicentre evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity (MEIC) study is a programme designed to evaluate the relevance of in vitro toxicity tests for predicting human toxicity, and is organised by the Scandinavian Society for Cell Toxicology. The project started in 1989 and is scheduled to be finished by June 1996. MEIC is a voluntary effort by international laboratories to test the same 50 reference chemicals in their own in vitro toxicity systems. At present, 31 laboratories have submitted results for the first 30 reference chemicals from a total of 68 in vitro cytotoxicity tests. In the definitive evaluation of the MEIC programme, these in vitro results will be compared with human lethal blood concentrations and other relevant acute systemic toxicity data, and the results will be published as a series of articles. This paper, which is the first article in this series, describes and analyses the methodologies used in the 68 tests. The origins and purities of the test chemicals, the biological systems and the toxicity endpoints are also discussed. Since MEIC is not centrally directed, the selection of tests was entirely dependent on the preferences of the individual laboratories. Thus, the collection of tests is not representative of the full range of existing in vitro toxicity tests. In our study, basal cytotoxicity tests and ecotoxicological tests are prevalent, while tests for toxicity to primary cultures of differentiated cells, measured by organotypic toxicity endpoints, are clearly under-represented.
Alternatives to Laboratory Animals – SAGE
Published: Jun 1, 1996
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