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P. Knox, P. Uphill, J. Fry, J. Benford, M. Balls (1986)
The FRAME multicentre project on in vitro cytotoxicology.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 24 6-7
G. Sullivan, D. Hay, In-Hyun Park, J. Fletcher, Zara Hannoun, C. Payne, D. Dalgetty, J. Black, J. Ross, K. Samuel, Gang Wang, G. Daley, Jehyuk Lee, G. Church, S. Forbes, J. Iredale, I. Wilmut (2009)
Generation of functional human hepatic endoderm from human induced pluripotent stem cellsHepatology, 51
ATLA 40, 59–61, 2012 59 Comment Ethical Issues in the Production of Human Cell Lines and Stem Cell Lines Recently, we were asked whether FRAME’s “alter- spontaneous abortion, also known as miscarriage, native testing methods to animals on cosmetics which is the unintentional loss of the fetus before include testing on stem cells from aborted the 20th week of pregnancy. Only 30 to 50% of con- babies/fetuses or any material whatsoever from ceptions pass the first trimester, and most of those aborted babies/fetuses”. that do not, are lost before the woman is aware of The short answer to the question was “No”, but I the conception. In addition, between 15% and 30% decided not to take that easy way out, because it of known pregnancies result in clinically apparent might imply that we had never used cells from miscarriage. This means that fetal cells and tis- fetuses in the past and/or that we actively cam- sues can become available as a result of therapeu- paign against such use in the present. The situa- tic interventions and natural causes, not merely tion is more complicated than that, for a variety of because of action taken to end unwanted pregnan- reasons,
Alternatives to Laboratory Animals – SAGE
Published: Mar 1, 2012
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