Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
N. Goldman, M. Chen, T. Fujita, Q. Xu, W. Peng, W. Liu, T. Jensen, Y. Pei, F. Wang, X. Han, J. Chen, J. Schnermann, T. Takano, L. Bekar, K. Tieu, M. Nedergaard, J. Fleckenstein, D. Irnich (2010)
Adenosine A1 receptors mediate local anti-nociceptive effects of acupuncture.Deutsche Zeitschrift für Akupunktur, 53
H. Moffet (2009)
Sham acupuncture may be as efficacious as true acupuncture: a systematic review of clinical trials.Journal of alternative and complementary medicine, 15 3
D. Trigkilidas (2010)
Acupuncture therapy for chronic lower back pain: a systematic review.Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 92 7
Benjamin McNaull, T. Trang, M. Sutak, K. Jhamandas (2007)
Inhibition of tolerance to spinal morphine antinociception by low doses of opioid receptor antagonists.European journal of pharmacology, 560 2-3
T. Largent-Milnes, Wenhong Guo, Hoau Wang, L. Burns, T. Vanderah (2008)
Oxycodone plus ultra-low-dose naltrexone attenuates neuropathic pain and associated mu-opioid receptor-Gs coupling.The journal of pain : official journal of the American Pain Society, 9 8
M. Haake, H. Müller, C. Schade-Brittinger, H. Basler, H. Schäfer, C. Maier, H. Endres, H. Trampisch, A. Molsberger (2007)
German Acupuncture Trials (GERAC) for chronic low back pain: randomized, multicenter, blinded, parallel-group trial with 3 groups.Archives of internal medicine, 167 17
L. Loram, J. Harrison, E. Sloane, M. Hutchinson, P. Sholar, F. Taylor, D. Berkelhammer, B. Coats, S. Poole, E. Milligan, S. Maier, J. Rieger, L. Watkins (2009)
Enduring Reversal of Neuropathic Pain by a Single Intrathecal Injection of Adenosine 2A Receptor Agonists: A Novel Therapy for Neuropathic PainThe Journal of Neuroscience, 29
P. Ohara, J. Vit, A. Bhargava, Marcela Romero, Christopher Sundberg, A. Charles, L. Jasmin (2009)
Gliopathic Pain: When Satellite Glial Cells Go BadThe Neuroscientist, 15
Y. Agrawal (2005)
Low dose naltrexone therapy in multiple sclerosis.Medical hypotheses, 64 4
J. Walker, Susan Huang, N. Strangman, Kang Tsou, M. Sañudo‐Peña (1999)
Pain modulation by release of the endogenous cannabinoid anandamide.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 96 21
B. Cree, E. Kornyeyeva, D. Goodin (2010)
Pilot trial of low‐dose naltrexone and quality of life in multiple sclerosisAnnals of Neurology, 68
C. France, M. al’Absi, C. Ring, J. France, Angie Harju, L. Wittmers (2007)
Nociceptive flexion reflex and pain rating responses during endogenous opiate blockade with naltrexone in healthy young adultsBiological Psychology, 75
K. Shen, S. Crain (1997)
Ultra-low doses of naltrexone or etorphine increase morphine's antinociceptive potency and attenuate tolerance/dependence in miceBrain Research, 757
M. Hamza, P. White, W. Craig, El‐sayed Ghoname, H. Ahmed, Timothy Proctor, C. Noe, Akshay Vakharia, N. Gajraj (2000)
Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation: a novel analgesic therapy for diabetic neuropathic pain.Diabetes care, 23 3
S. Crain, K. Shen (1995)
Ultra-low concentrations of naloxone selectively antagonize excitatory effects of morphine on sensory neurons, thereby increasing its antinociceptive potency and attenuating tolerance/dependence during chronic cotreatment.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 92 23
K. Trinh, N. Graham, A. Gross, C. Goldsmith, Ellen Wang, I. Cameron, T. Kay (2007)
Acupuncture for Neck DisordersSpine, 32
T. Kaptchuk (2002)
The Placebo Effect in Alternative Medicine: Can the Performance of a Healing Ritual Have Clinical Significance?Annals of Internal Medicine, 136
Theresa-Alexandra Mattioli, B. Milne, C. Cahill (2010)
Ultra-low dose naltrexone attenuates chronic morphine-induced gliosis in ratsMolecular Pain, 6
Lin Chen, Jing Zhang, Fan Li, Y. Qiu, Lu Wang, Yinghong Li, Jing Shi, H. Pan, Man Li (2009)
Endogenous anandamide and cannabinoid receptor-2 contribute to electroacupuncture analgesia in rats.The journal of pain : official journal of the American Pain Society, 10 7
S. Ständer, M. Schmelz, D. Metze, T. Luger, R. Rukwied (2005)
Distribution of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and 2 (CB2) on sensory nerve fibers and adnexal structures in human skin.Journal of dermatological science, 38 3
F. Chang, H. Tsai, Ming-Chien Yu, P. Yi, Jaung-Geng Lin (2004)
The central serotonergic system mediates the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture on ZUSANLI (ST36) acupoints.Journal of biomedical science, 11 2
A. Bura, X. Nadal, C. Ledent, R. Maldonado, O. Valverde (2008)
A2A adenosine receptor regulates glia proliferation and pain after peripheral nerve injuryPAIN, 140
J. Younger, S. Mackey (2009)
Fibromyalgia symptoms are reduced by low-dose naltrexone: a pilot study.Pain medicine, 10 4
A. Tempel, E. Gardner, R. Zukin (1985)
Neurochemical and functional correlates of naltrexone-induced opiate receptor up-regulation.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 232 2
Richard Harris, J. Zubieta, D. Scott, V. Napadow, R. Gracely, D. Clauw (2009)
Traditional Chinese acupuncture and placebo (sham) acupuncture are differentiated by their effects on μ-opioid receptors (MORs)Deutsche Zeitschrift für Akupunktur, 52
D. Mayer, D. Price, A. Rafii (1977)
Antagonism of acupuncture analgesia in man by the narcotic antagonist naloxoneBrain Research, 121
J. Paquette, M. Olmstead (2005)
Ultra-low dose naltrexone enhances cannabinoid-induced antinociceptionBehavioural Pharmacology, 16
M. Tsuda, H. Tozaki-Saitoh, Kazuhide Inoue (2010)
Pain and purinergic signalingBrain Research Reviews, 63
O. Valverde, F. Noble, F. Beslot, V. Daugé, M. Fournie-Zaluski, B. Roques (2001)
Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol releases and facilitates the effects of endogenous enkephalins: reduction in morphine withdrawal syndrome without change in rewarding effectEuropean Journal of Neuroscience, 13
A. Corbett, S. Paterson, H. Kosterlitz (1993)
Selectivity of ligands for opioid receptorsHandbook of experimental pharmacology, 104
Jisheng Han (2004)
Acupuncture and endorphinsNeuroscience Letters, 361
K. Linde, G. Allais, B. Brinkhaus, E. Manheimer, A. Vickers, Adrian White (2009)
Acupuncture for tension-type headache.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 1
H. Honar, K. Riazi, H. Homayoun, H. Sadeghipour, N. Rashidi, M. Ebrahimkhani, N. Mirazi, A. Dehpour (2004)
Ultra-low dose naltrexone potentiates the anticonvulsant effect of low dose morphine on clonic seizuresNeuroscience, 129
N. Goldman, Michael Chen, T. Fujita, Qiwu Xu, Weiguo Peng, Wei Liu, T. Jensen, Y. Pei, Fushun Wang, Xiaoning Han, Jiang-fan Chen, J. Schnermann, T. Takano, L. Bekar, K. Tieu, M. Nedergaard (2010)
Adenosine A1 receptors mediate local anti-nociceptive effects of acupunctureNature Neuroscience, 13
Zhi-qi Zhao (2008)
Neural mechanism underlying acupuncture analgesiaProgress in Neurobiology, 85
Klaus Linde, G. Allais, B. Brinkhaus, E. Manheimer, Andrew Vickers, Adrian White (2009)
Acupuncture for migraine prophylaxis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 1
To find appropriate and effective treatment options for chronic pain syndromes is a challenging task. Multimodal treatment approach has been gaining acceptance for chronic pain. However, combining treatments, such as acupuncture, with rational pharmacology is still in its infancy. Acupuncture influences the opioid and cannabinoid system through releasing endogenous receptor ligands. Low dose naltrexone also acts on both these systems, and upregulates the opioid and cannabinoid receptors. The authors hypothesise that low dose naltrexone could enhance the pain-relieving effect of acupuncture.
Acupuncture in Medicine – SAGE
Published: Jun 1, 2011
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.