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AUST & NZ J()lTRNAL OF CRIMINOLOGY (December 1977) 10 (195-203) 195 DELINQUENCY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS AS FACTORS IN ILLITERACY OF MALE JUVENILES· J Krausf The existence of a close association between educational backwardness and juvenile delinquency was well established as far back as the 1890s (Glueck, 1936). It has been repeatedly confirmed by recent studies (Burt, 1931; Kvaraceus, 1945; Bloch et ai, 1956; Roman, 1957: Eilenberg, 1961; Glueck, 1964; Johnson, 1968; Gath et ai, 1970; King, 1975) and observed also in respect of adult crime (Roberts, 1968; Sutherland et ai, 1970). Certain authors noted that such backwardness is not related to low intelligence as measured on non-verbal intelligence tests on which delinquents tend to rate "average" (Roman, 1957; Eilenberg, 1961; Levy et al, 1966; Kraus, 1977), but to their attitudes and motivation for schooling (Glueck, 1964; Kelly, 1973; Lambert et ai, 1976). Indeed, even among offenders in detention the nlotivation to learn was shown to be associated with better institutional conduct and a more favorable prognosis on release (Park, 1966; Pierson et ai, 1964; Zink, 1970). Poor motivation for schooling has been blamed on an irrelevant and depersonalized educational system (Stinchcombe, 1964; Leyden, 1970), and on the school experience
Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology – SAGE
Published: Dec 1, 1977
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