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R. Combes (2000)
Endocrine Disruptors: A Critical Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Testing Strategies for Assessing Their Toxic Hazard to HumansAlternatives to Laboratory Animals, 28
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ATLA 30, Supplement 1, 95102, 2002 95 cell population that divides by mitosis to produce Introduction a life-time supply of gametes for reproduction. The gonial cell divisions may be incomplete, with Reproductive toxicity refers to the adverse effects of a substance on any aspect of the reproductive cycle the result that the daughter cells maintain inter- cellular communication with one another via con- (Figure 10.1). These include the impairment of reproductive function; the induction of adverse necting bridges. Successive incomplete divisions produce very large clones of interconnected cells. effects in the embryo, such as growth retardation, malformations, and death; and the induction of This intercellular communication may serve to synchronise the development of the conjoined adverse post-natal effects. Conventional animal tests for reproductive toxicity include the pre-natal cells. When the organism reaches maturity, the germ cells acquire the ability to differentiate into developmental toxicity study (OECD Test Guide- line [TG] 414 [1]), the one-generation study (OECD functional gametes by meiosis, reducing the chro- mosome number from 2n to 1n. TG 415 [2]), the two-generation study (OECD TG 416 [3]), the reproductive/developmental toxicity screening test (OECD TG 421 [4]), and the repeat- dose toxicity study combined with the reproduc- Oogenesis
Alternatives to Laboratory Animals – SAGE
Published: Jul 1, 2002
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