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M. Siikonen (2019)
People Flow in BuildingsVolume 44, Number 2, April 2017
L. Al-Sharif, A. Alqumsan, Rasha Khaleel (2014)
Derivation of a universal elevator round trip time formula under incoming trafficBuilding Services Engineering Research & Technology, 35
Juha-Matti Kuusinen, J. Sorsa, M. Siikonen, H. Ehtamo (2012)
A study on the arrival process of lift passengers in a multi-storey office buildingBuilding Services Engineering Research & Technology, 33
H. Hakonen, M. Siikonen (2009)
Elevator traffic simulation procedureElevator world, 57
R. Peters, Rory Smith, E. Evans (2011)
The appraisal of lift passenger demand in modern office buildingsBuilding Services Engineering Research & Technology, 32
(2018)
People flow analysis in lift modernization
Juha-Matti Kuusinen, J. Sorsa, M. Siikonen (2015)
The Elevator Trip Origin-Destination Matrix Estimation ProblemTransp. Sci., 49
(2020)
D: 2020
G. Barney, L. Al-Sharif (2003)
Elevator Traffic Handbook: Theory and Practice
Planning and selection of passenger lifts to be installed in office, hotel and residential buildings
A. So, W. Suen (2002)
Assessment of real-time lift traffic performanceBuilding Services Engineering Research and Technology, 23
(2020)
Transportation systems in buildings
L. Al-Sharif, Ahmad Alqumsan (2015)
Stepwise derivation and verification of a universal elevator round trip time formula for general traffic conditionsBuilding Services Engineering Research & Technology, 36
A. So, W. Suen (2002)
Assessment of real-time traffic performanceBuilding Services Engineering Research and Technology, 23
S. Nguyen (1984)
ESTIMATING ORIGIN DESTINATION MATRICES FROM OBSERVED FLOWS
L. Al-Sharif, Ahmad Alqumsan (2015)
An integrated framework for elevator traffic design under general traffic conditions using origin destination matrices, virtual interval, and the Monte Carlo simulation methodBuilding Services Engineering Research & Technology, 36
The traditional elevator system design practice is to calculate the round trip time (RTT) and associated parameters of pure incoming traffic during up-peak, followed by real-time computer simulation. Recent studies indicated that the normal traffic is much more complicated, consisting of a mixture of incoming, outgoing and interfloor patterns. A major breakthrough to analytically calculate the Universal RTT, under such complicated traffic patterns, emerged 6 years ago based on an appropriate origin-destination matrix describing the passenger transit probability. That genesis model played safe by assuming that the total number of passengers demanding service within one round trip is limited elevator contract capacity, which is in line with the traditional up-peak incoming RTT formulae. In this article, such assumption is removed and the study is based on Monte Carlo simulation. It is found that there is room for enhancing the handling capacity, up to two times the contract capacity, by not sacrificing the RTT and average passenger transit time by too much. This phenomenon, that is, total passenger demand beyond contract capacity, is only valid under the existence of multiple entrance floors and/or mixed traffic conditions. This approach may prevent oversizing the design which could be more realistic.Practical applications: Elevator system designers, according to ISO 8100:32:2020 and CIBSE Guide D: 2020, are recommended to carry out calculation of the RTT and related parameters before any real-time computer simulation. This practice has been adopted by the elevator industry for decades. However, conventional RTT evaluation is mainly on pure incoming traffic during up-peak. The Universal RTT calculation method developed in 2014–15 extended RTT evaluation to cover dominant and complicated traffic patterns of modern buildings, but the assumed number of passengers to be handled within one round trip was limited to the contract capacity of the elevator. This article further removes this limitation to evaluate the limit of handling capacity with reasonable RTT and average passenger transit time. Then, the Universal RTT method could be more realistic and rolled out, and prevent oversizing the system design.
Building Services Engineering Research and Technology: An International Journal – SAGE
Published: Jul 1, 2022
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