Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
R. Thornhill, S. Gangestad (1993)
Human facial beautyHuman Nature, 4
J. Main, L. DeBruine, A. Little, B. Jones (2010)
Interactions among the Effects of Head Orientation, Emotional Expression, and Physical Attractiveness on Face PreferencesPerception, 39
J. Endler, A. Basolo (1998)
Sensory ecology, receiver biases and sexual selection.Trends in ecology & evolution, 13 10
J. Main, B. Jones, L. DeBruine, A. Little (2009)
Integrating Gaze Direction and Sexual Dimorphism of Face Shape When Perceiving the Dominance of OthersPerception, 38
I. Penton-Voak, A. Jacobson, R. Trivers (2004)
Populational differences in attractiveness judgements of male and female faces: Comparing British and Jamaican samplesEvolution and Human Behavior, 25
P. Cooper, S. Geldart, C. Mondloch, D. Maurer (2006)
Developmental changes in perceptions of attractiveness: a role of experience?Developmental science, 9 5
R. Campbell (1996)
Real Men Don't Look Down: Direction of Gaze Affects Sex Decisions on FacesVisual Cognition, 3
J. Langlois, L. Roggman (1990)
Attractive Faces Are Only AveragePsychological Science, 1
S. Geldart, D. Maurer, Heather Henderson (1999)
Effects of the Height of the Internal Features of Faces on Adults' Aesthetic Ratings and 5-Month-Olds' Looking TimesPerception, 28
I. Penton-Voak, D. Perrett, D. Castles, D. Castles, Tsuneo Kobayashi, D. Burt, L. Murray, R. Minamisawa (1999)
Menstrual cycle alters face preferenceNature, 399
J. Gray, L. Wolfe (1980)
Height and sexual dimorphism of stature among human societies.American journal of physical anthropology, 53 3
G. Rhodes, Fiona Proffitt, J. Grady, A. Sumich (1998)
Facial symmetry and the perception of beautyPsychonomic Bulletin & Review, 5
E. Weston, A. Friday, P. Lio’ (1997)
Biometric Evidence that Sexual Selection Has Shaped the Hominin FacePLoS ONE, 2
S. Geldart (2008)
Tall and Good-Looking?Journal of Individual Differences, 29
D. Jones, C. Brace, William Jankowiak, K. Laland, L. Musselman, J. Langlois, L. Roggman, D. Perusse, B. Schweder, D. Symons (1995)
Sexual Selection, Physical Attractiveness, and Facial Neoteny: Cross-cultural Evidence and Implications [and Comments and Reply]Current Anthropology, 36
A. Little, L. DeBruine, B. Jones (2005)
Sex-contingent face after-effects suggest distinct neural populations code male and female facesProceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 272
N. Neave, Sarah Laing, B. Fink, J. Manning (2003)
Second to fourth digit ratio, testosterone and perceived male dominanceProceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 270
S. Gangestad, G. Scheyd (2005)
THE EVOLUTION OF HUMAN PHYSICAL ATTRACTIVENESSAnnual Review of Anthropology, 34
E. Weston, A. Friday, R. Johnstone, F. Schrenk (2004)
Wide faces or large canines? The attractive versus the aggressive primateProceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 271
A. Little, D. Burt, I. Penton-Voak, D. Perrett (2001)
Self-perceived attractiveness influences human female preferences for sexual dimorphism and symmetry in male facesProceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 268
I. Penton-Voak, A. Little, B. Jones, D. Burt, Bernard Tiddeman, D. Perrett (2003)
Female condition influences preferences for sexual dimorphism in faces of male humans (Homo sapiens).Journal of comparative psychology, 117 3
Alain Mignault, A. Chaudhuri (2003)
The Many Faces of a Neutral Face: Head Tilt and Perception of Dominance and EmotionJournal of Nonverbal Behavior, 27
M. Ryan (1998)
Sexual selection, receiver biases, and the evolution of sex differences.Science, 281 5385
C. Ruff (2002)
Variation in Human Body Size and ShapeAnnual Review of Anthropology, 31
J. Reynolds, P. Harvey, R. Short, E. Balaban (1994)
Sexual selection and the evolution of sex differences.
G. Rhodes, J. Halberstadt, Gemma Brajkovich (2001)
GENERALIZATION OF MERE EXPOSURE EFFECTS TO AVERAGED COMPOSITE FACESSocial Cognition, 19
D. Perrett, K. May, S. Yoshikawa (1994)
Facial shape and judgements of female attractivenessNature, 368
G. Rhodes (2006)
The evolutionary psychology of facial beauty.Annual review of psychology, 57
Human faces show marked sexual shape dimorphism, and this affects their attractiveness. Humans also show marked height dimorphism, which means that men typically view women's faces from slightly above and women typically view men's faces from slightly below. We tested the idea that this perspective difference may be the evolutionary origin of the face shape dimorphism by having males and females rate the masculinity/femininity and attractiveness of male and female faces that had been manipulated in pitch (forward or backward tilt), simulating viewing the face from slightly above or below. As predicted, tilting female faces upwards decreased their perceived femininity and attractiveness, whereas tilting them downwards increased their perceived femininity and attractiveness. Male faces tilted up were judged to be more masculine, and tilted down judged to be less masculine. This suggests that sexual selection may have embodied this viewpoint difference into the actual facial proportions of men and women.
Evolutionary Psychology – SAGE
Published: Oct 1, 2010
Keywords: attractiveness; head tilt; sexual dimorphism
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.