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Onion Thrips Control in Onion, 2020

Onion Thrips Control in Onion, 2020 applyparastyle "fig//caption/p[1]" parastyle "FigCapt" applyparastyle "fig" parastyle "Figure" Arthropod Management T ests, 46(1), 2021, 1–2 doi: 10.1093/amt/tsab022 Section E: Vegetable Crops ONION: Allium cepa L., ‘Bradley’ HeadA=HeadB=HeadA=HeadB/HeadA 1, Riley Suzanne Harding and Brian A. Nault HeadB=HeadC=HeadB=HeadC/HeadB Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Cornell AgriTech, 15 Castle Creek Dr., Geneva, NY 14456 and Corresponding author, HeadC=HeadD=HeadC=HeadD/HeadC e-mail: rsh263@cornell.edu Extract3=HeadA=Extract1=HeadA Section Editor: John Palumbo History=Text=History=Text_First EDI_HeadA=EDI_HeadB=EDI_HeadA=EDI_HeadB/HeadA Onion | Allium cepa EDI_HeadB=EDI_HeadC=EDI_HeadB=EDI_HeadC/HeadB Onion thrips | Thrips tabaci Lindeman EDI_HeadC=EDI_HeadD=EDI_HeadC=EDI_HeadD/HeadC EDI_Extract3=EDI_HeadA=EDI_Extract1=EDI_HeadA The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and rate to an exponential increase in thrips populations. On 20 Jul, only of insecticides for control of onion thrips on onion. Onion seed Radiant SC at 10 fl oz/A had significantly fewer thrips than the ERR_HeadA=ERR_HeadB=ERR_HeadA=ERR_HeadB/HeadA ‘Bradley’ was planted in a commercial onion field near Elba, NY untreated control (Table 1). On 27 Jul, plots treated with Radiant ERR_HeadB=ERR_HeadC=ERR_HeadB=ERR_HeadC/HeadB (GPS coordinates: 43°08′09.2″N 78°06′45.6″W) on 7 Apr 2020. at 8 fl oz/A or higher alone or in combination with Transform ERR_HeadC=ERR_HeadD=ERR_HeadC=ERR_HeadD/HeadC Onion seeds were treated with FarMore FI500 to primarily control and Agri-Mek co-applied with either Azera, Warrior II or Knack onion maggot (Delia antiqua) and with EverGol Prime to control had significantly fewer thrips than those in the untreated control ERR_Extract3=ERR_HeadA=ERR_Extract1=ERR_HeadA onion smut. Foliar pathogens were managed throughout the season (Table 1). On 3 Aug, all treatments except PQZ at 3.2 fl oz/acre with commonly used foliar-applied fungicides. Seeds were planted significantly reduced thrips densities compared with those in the 1.3 inches apart within row and rows were spaced 15 inches apart. untreated control (Table 1). On 10 Aug, all insecticide treatments Plots were 5-ft wide and thus consisted of five 15-ft rows. There significantly reduced thrips densities compared with those in the were a total of 15 treatments evaluated (including an untreated untreated control, but the best control was provided by Radiant control) (Tables 1 and 2). Five replications of each treatment were at 8 fl oz/A or higher alone or in combination with Transform arranged in an RCB design. Insecticides were applied using a CO – and Agri-Mek alone or in combination with either Azera, Warrior pressurized backpack sprayer and boom equipped with four, twin II or Knack (Table 1). Overall, commercially acceptable control flat-fan nozzles (TJ-60 8003VS) calibrated to deliver 38.9 gallons was provided by Radiant at 8 fl oz/A or higher alone or in com- per acre at 40 psi. Sprays were initiated on 13 Jul when onion thrips bination with Transform and Agri-Mek alone or in combination densities reached a threshold of 0.9 thrips/leaf. Plots were sprayed with Azera, Warrior II, or Knack. Although Radiant at 6 fl oz weekly after the initial spray on 20 and 27 Jul and 3 Aug, with the + Transform and all rates of PQZ significantly reduced overall exception of Movento and Senstar, which were only applied on 13 thrips densities compared with those in the untreated control, and 20 Jul. these treatments did not provide commercially acceptable thrips Plots were assessed weekly to evaluate the efficacy of treatments control (Table 1). by randomly selecting 15 plants from each plot and recording the Movento and Senstar both include the same active ingredient, number of larvae. Data were analyzed using a generalized linear spirotetramat, which is one of the best insecticides to manage onion mixed model in SAS (v. 9.4; PROC GLIMMIX) with treatment thrips in onion early in the season. Although thrips densities were as a fixed effect and replication of a random factor in the model. similar between treated and untreated plots one week after the initial Treatment means were compared using Tukey’s Studentized Range application, both products significantly and similarly reduced thrips (HSD) Test at P  <  0.05. Separate analyses were conducted for densities compared with those in the untreated control on nearly all of treatments listed in Tables 1 and 2 because treatments in Table 2 the other sampling dates (Table 2). On 10 Aug, which was 3 wk after were only sprayed twice. The same untreated control was the refer- the final application of Movento and Senstar, control of thrips began ence in both analyses. to slip to a level that was not commercially acceptable (Table 2). The growing season began cool and wet, but then be- Overall, Movento and Senstar provided equivalent and acceptable came very dry during the period thrips colonized the test site. levels of onion thrips control on onion between two and three weeks Temperatures also increased substantially in late July and this led after the final application (Table 2). This research was supported by the New York Onion Research and Development Program and partially supported by industry donations of pesticides. © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. 1 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com 2 Arthropod Management T ests, 2021, Vol. 46, No. 1 Table 1. Treatment Rate Mean number of larvae per plant Jul 20 Jul 27 Aug 3 Aug 10 Total Untreated control - 11.2a 20.9ab 75.8a 309.3a 417.1a PQZ 3.2 10.2ab 28.9a 62.3a 243.9b 345.2b PQZ 6.4 7.1ab 13.7b–e 36.1bc 156.9c 213.8c PQZ 9.6 10.7a 18.8a–d 38.2b 164.0c 231.6c Radiant SC 8 6.1ab 4.9f 15.2d 5.1e 31.2f Radiant SC 10 3.4b 5.5f 15.0d 4.5e 28.4f a a Radiant SC + Transform 6 + 2.75 6.6ab 19.0abc 24.2bcd 21.1d 70.8d a a Radiant SC + Transform 8 + 2 6.9ab 5.7ef 15.8d 5.9e 34.3ef a a Radiant SC + Transform 8 + 2.75 6.6ab 10.1c–f 26.0bcd 8.0e 50.7e Agri-Mek SC 3.5 9.0ab 12.0b–f 18.0d 8.5e 47.4e a a Agri-Mek SC + Azera 3.5 + 56 7.6ab 9.2def 18.5d 6.8e 42.2ef a a Agri-Mek SC + Warrior II 3.5 + 1.92 11.0a 8.5ef 20.1d 8.4e 47.9e a a Agri-Mek SC + Knack 3.5 + 8 8.4ab 7.2ef 23.0cd 10.6e 49.2e P value 0.0176 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P > 0.05; Tukey’s Studentized Range [HSD] Test; n = 4). fl oz product per acre. Table 2. Treatment Rate Mean number of larvae per plant Jul 20 Jul 27 Aug 3 Aug 10 Total Untreated control - 11.2 20.9a 75.8a 309.3a 417.1a Movento 5 9.0 3.1b 11.0b 75.9b 99.0b Senstar 10 10.7 3.7b 8.1b 81.7ab 104.2b P-value N.S. 0.0092 0.0038 0.0337 0.0176 Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P > 0.05; Tukey’s Studentized Range [HSD] Test; n = 4). fl oz product per acre. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Arthropod Management Tests Oxford University Press

Onion Thrips Control in Onion, 2020

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Oxford University Press
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© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America.
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2155-9856
DOI
10.1093/amt/tsab022
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Abstract

applyparastyle "fig//caption/p[1]" parastyle "FigCapt" applyparastyle "fig" parastyle "Figure" Arthropod Management T ests, 46(1), 2021, 1–2 doi: 10.1093/amt/tsab022 Section E: Vegetable Crops ONION: Allium cepa L., ‘Bradley’ HeadA=HeadB=HeadA=HeadB/HeadA 1, Riley Suzanne Harding and Brian A. Nault HeadB=HeadC=HeadB=HeadC/HeadB Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Cornell AgriTech, 15 Castle Creek Dr., Geneva, NY 14456 and Corresponding author, HeadC=HeadD=HeadC=HeadD/HeadC e-mail: rsh263@cornell.edu Extract3=HeadA=Extract1=HeadA Section Editor: John Palumbo History=Text=History=Text_First EDI_HeadA=EDI_HeadB=EDI_HeadA=EDI_HeadB/HeadA Onion | Allium cepa EDI_HeadB=EDI_HeadC=EDI_HeadB=EDI_HeadC/HeadB Onion thrips | Thrips tabaci Lindeman EDI_HeadC=EDI_HeadD=EDI_HeadC=EDI_HeadD/HeadC EDI_Extract3=EDI_HeadA=EDI_Extract1=EDI_HeadA The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and rate to an exponential increase in thrips populations. On 20 Jul, only of insecticides for control of onion thrips on onion. Onion seed Radiant SC at 10 fl oz/A had significantly fewer thrips than the ERR_HeadA=ERR_HeadB=ERR_HeadA=ERR_HeadB/HeadA ‘Bradley’ was planted in a commercial onion field near Elba, NY untreated control (Table 1). On 27 Jul, plots treated with Radiant ERR_HeadB=ERR_HeadC=ERR_HeadB=ERR_HeadC/HeadB (GPS coordinates: 43°08′09.2″N 78°06′45.6″W) on 7 Apr 2020. at 8 fl oz/A or higher alone or in combination with Transform ERR_HeadC=ERR_HeadD=ERR_HeadC=ERR_HeadD/HeadC Onion seeds were treated with FarMore FI500 to primarily control and Agri-Mek co-applied with either Azera, Warrior II or Knack onion maggot (Delia antiqua) and with EverGol Prime to control had significantly fewer thrips than those in the untreated control ERR_Extract3=ERR_HeadA=ERR_Extract1=ERR_HeadA onion smut. Foliar pathogens were managed throughout the season (Table 1). On 3 Aug, all treatments except PQZ at 3.2 fl oz/acre with commonly used foliar-applied fungicides. Seeds were planted significantly reduced thrips densities compared with those in the 1.3 inches apart within row and rows were spaced 15 inches apart. untreated control (Table 1). On 10 Aug, all insecticide treatments Plots were 5-ft wide and thus consisted of five 15-ft rows. There significantly reduced thrips densities compared with those in the were a total of 15 treatments evaluated (including an untreated untreated control, but the best control was provided by Radiant control) (Tables 1 and 2). Five replications of each treatment were at 8 fl oz/A or higher alone or in combination with Transform arranged in an RCB design. Insecticides were applied using a CO – and Agri-Mek alone or in combination with either Azera, Warrior pressurized backpack sprayer and boom equipped with four, twin II or Knack (Table 1). Overall, commercially acceptable control flat-fan nozzles (TJ-60 8003VS) calibrated to deliver 38.9 gallons was provided by Radiant at 8 fl oz/A or higher alone or in com- per acre at 40 psi. Sprays were initiated on 13 Jul when onion thrips bination with Transform and Agri-Mek alone or in combination densities reached a threshold of 0.9 thrips/leaf. Plots were sprayed with Azera, Warrior II, or Knack. Although Radiant at 6 fl oz weekly after the initial spray on 20 and 27 Jul and 3 Aug, with the + Transform and all rates of PQZ significantly reduced overall exception of Movento and Senstar, which were only applied on 13 thrips densities compared with those in the untreated control, and 20 Jul. these treatments did not provide commercially acceptable thrips Plots were assessed weekly to evaluate the efficacy of treatments control (Table 1). by randomly selecting 15 plants from each plot and recording the Movento and Senstar both include the same active ingredient, number of larvae. Data were analyzed using a generalized linear spirotetramat, which is one of the best insecticides to manage onion mixed model in SAS (v. 9.4; PROC GLIMMIX) with treatment thrips in onion early in the season. Although thrips densities were as a fixed effect and replication of a random factor in the model. similar between treated and untreated plots one week after the initial Treatment means were compared using Tukey’s Studentized Range application, both products significantly and similarly reduced thrips (HSD) Test at P  <  0.05. Separate analyses were conducted for densities compared with those in the untreated control on nearly all of treatments listed in Tables 1 and 2 because treatments in Table 2 the other sampling dates (Table 2). On 10 Aug, which was 3 wk after were only sprayed twice. The same untreated control was the refer- the final application of Movento and Senstar, control of thrips began ence in both analyses. to slip to a level that was not commercially acceptable (Table 2). The growing season began cool and wet, but then be- Overall, Movento and Senstar provided equivalent and acceptable came very dry during the period thrips colonized the test site. levels of onion thrips control on onion between two and three weeks Temperatures also increased substantially in late July and this led after the final application (Table 2). This research was supported by the New York Onion Research and Development Program and partially supported by industry donations of pesticides. © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. 1 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com 2 Arthropod Management T ests, 2021, Vol. 46, No. 1 Table 1. Treatment Rate Mean number of larvae per plant Jul 20 Jul 27 Aug 3 Aug 10 Total Untreated control - 11.2a 20.9ab 75.8a 309.3a 417.1a PQZ 3.2 10.2ab 28.9a 62.3a 243.9b 345.2b PQZ 6.4 7.1ab 13.7b–e 36.1bc 156.9c 213.8c PQZ 9.6 10.7a 18.8a–d 38.2b 164.0c 231.6c Radiant SC 8 6.1ab 4.9f 15.2d 5.1e 31.2f Radiant SC 10 3.4b 5.5f 15.0d 4.5e 28.4f a a Radiant SC + Transform 6 + 2.75 6.6ab 19.0abc 24.2bcd 21.1d 70.8d a a Radiant SC + Transform 8 + 2 6.9ab 5.7ef 15.8d 5.9e 34.3ef a a Radiant SC + Transform 8 + 2.75 6.6ab 10.1c–f 26.0bcd 8.0e 50.7e Agri-Mek SC 3.5 9.0ab 12.0b–f 18.0d 8.5e 47.4e a a Agri-Mek SC + Azera 3.5 + 56 7.6ab 9.2def 18.5d 6.8e 42.2ef a a Agri-Mek SC + Warrior II 3.5 + 1.92 11.0a 8.5ef 20.1d 8.4e 47.9e a a Agri-Mek SC + Knack 3.5 + 8 8.4ab 7.2ef 23.0cd 10.6e 49.2e P value 0.0176 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P > 0.05; Tukey’s Studentized Range [HSD] Test; n = 4). fl oz product per acre. Table 2. Treatment Rate Mean number of larvae per plant Jul 20 Jul 27 Aug 3 Aug 10 Total Untreated control - 11.2 20.9a 75.8a 309.3a 417.1a Movento 5 9.0 3.1b 11.0b 75.9b 99.0b Senstar 10 10.7 3.7b 8.1b 81.7ab 104.2b P-value N.S. 0.0092 0.0038 0.0337 0.0176 Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P > 0.05; Tukey’s Studentized Range [HSD] Test; n = 4). fl oz product per acre.

Journal

Arthropod Management Tests – Oxford University Press

Published: Feb 16, 2021

Keywords: Onion | Allium cepa; Onion thrips | Thrips tabaci Lindeman; spinetoram; abamectin/avermectin B1; azadirachtin; pyrethrin; pyriproxyfen; pyrifluquinazon; spirotetramat; sulfoxaflor; lambda-cyhalothrin

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