MACH 2 PREVENTIVE APPLICATION FORMULATION WHITE GRUB EFFICACY STUDY, 2004
MACH 2 PREVENTIVE APPLICATION FORMULATION WHITE GRUB EFFICACY STUDY, 2004
Heller, P. R.; D. Kline,
2005-01-01 00:00:00
(G41) RYEGRASS (PERENNIAL): Lolium perenne L. MACH 2 PREVENTIVE APPLICATION FORMULATION WHITE GRUB EFFICACY STUDY, P. R. Heller Department of Entomology Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802 Phone: (814) 865-3008 Fax: (814) 865-3048 E-mail: prh@psu.edu D. Kline E-mail: Japanese beetle (JB): Popillia japonica Newman Northern masked chafer (NMC): Cyclocephala borealis Arrow This study was undertaken to determine product effectiveness to control a predominant Northern masked chafer white grub population on a turfgrass area maintained at Penn State’s Valentine Turfgrass Research Center at University Park. The turfgrass area consisted of perennial ryegrass (100%). Treatment plots were 6 × 8 ft, arranged in a RCB design and replicated three times. Granular formulations were applied with a hand-held shaker and mixed with fine top dressing sand to facilitate product distribution. At treatment time (2 Jul) the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temp, 86°F; soil temp at l inch depth, 68°F; soil temp at 2 inch, 72°F; RH, 69%; amt of thatch, 0.0625 inch; water pH, 7.0; application time, mid morning; soil, wet; thatch, wet; and overcast skies. The area was irrigated-in with 0.3 inch of water immediately after treatment. General soil conditions were as follows: soil textural class, silt loam; soil particle size analysis: sand, 17.0%; silt, 65.1%; clay, 17.9%; soil percent water content (percent by wt), 26.7; organic matter, 5.1%; CEC, 14.0; and soil pH, 6.7. Three one ft soil samples were removed from each replicate on 1 Oct and the total no. of Northern masked chafer (NMC) and Japanese beetle grubs (JB) grubs was recorded. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and means were separated with WD (P ≤ 0.05). The experimental areas received excessive rainfall in 2004 with 25.04 inches of liquid precipitation recorded from 2 Jul through 1 Oct. The area selected for the experiment had been infested with a natural population of NMC and JB grubs during the fall of 2003. NMC was the predominant white grub species present throughout the research area in 2003. Pre-treatment counts recorded on 9 Oct 2003 avg 10.6 NMC third instar grubs/ft . Adult NMC’s were monitored in 2004 with a black light trap maintained at the Valentine Turfgrass Research Center. The first adult NMC was collected between 14 and17 Jun. Peak NMC adult flight was recorded from approximately 21 Jun through 1 Jul. Japanese beetle adults were observing flying late through early September. Four treatments provided significant suppression of JB grubs; plus, when JB and NMC grubs were combined all treatments were effective. NMC was not significantly reduced by the treatments as a result of very low populations. The majority of JB grubs recovered from the untreated check plots were second instars based on head capsule measurements taken in the field. The range of second instar JB grubs recovered from the untreated check replicates (combined) was 41.7% – 81.2% with an avg recovery of 66.0%. This would indicate that the JB eggs recently had been oviposited by adult beetles. The excessive volume of rain received in 2004 could have negatively impacted both JB and NMC populations, while delaying development of grub life stages. No phytotoxicty was recorded. 2 Avg no. white grubs/ft Treatment/ Rate a ab formulation lb (AI)/acre JB NMC Total ProScape 16-4-8 Mesa 1.33% Mach 2 G 2.0 1.6ab 1.0a 2.6ab 12-0-12 Fertilizer with 1.00% Mach 2 G 2.0 0.9b 0.3a 1.2b Shaw’s 1.33% Mach 2 15-3-5 G 2.0 0.7 b 0.0a 0.7b Shaw’s 1.33% Mach 2 15-0-15 G 2.0 0.7 b 1.1a 1.8b Mach 2 Plus Fertilizer 0.86% G 2.0 0.1b 0.6a 0.7b Untreated check --- 3.6a 1.4a 5.0a Means in a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P > 0.05, WD). Mean descriptions are reported in log transformed data units, and are not non-transformed. Combination of JB and NMC grubs.
http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.pngArthropod Management TestsOxford University Presshttp://www.deepdyve.com/lp/oxford-university-press/mach-2-preventive-application-formulation-white-grub-efficacy-study-0hZFalqaBP
MACH 2 PREVENTIVE APPLICATION FORMULATION WHITE GRUB EFFICACY STUDY, 2004
(G41) RYEGRASS (PERENNIAL): Lolium perenne L. MACH 2 PREVENTIVE APPLICATION FORMULATION WHITE GRUB EFFICACY STUDY, P. R. Heller Department of Entomology Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802 Phone: (814) 865-3008 Fax: (814) 865-3048 E-mail: prh@psu.edu D. Kline E-mail: Japanese beetle (JB): Popillia japonica Newman Northern masked chafer (NMC): Cyclocephala borealis Arrow This study was undertaken to determine product effectiveness to control a predominant Northern masked chafer white grub population on a turfgrass area maintained at Penn State’s Valentine Turfgrass Research Center at University Park. The turfgrass area consisted of perennial ryegrass (100%). Treatment plots were 6 × 8 ft, arranged in a RCB design and replicated three times. Granular formulations were applied with a hand-held shaker and mixed with fine top dressing sand to facilitate product distribution. At treatment time (2 Jul) the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temp, 86°F; soil temp at l inch depth, 68°F; soil temp at 2 inch, 72°F; RH, 69%; amt of thatch, 0.0625 inch; water pH, 7.0; application time, mid morning; soil, wet; thatch, wet; and overcast skies. The area was irrigated-in with 0.3 inch of water immediately after treatment. General soil conditions were as follows: soil textural class, silt loam; soil particle size analysis: sand, 17.0%; silt, 65.1%; clay, 17.9%; soil percent water content (percent by wt), 26.7; organic matter, 5.1%; CEC, 14.0; and soil pH, 6.7. Three one ft soil samples were removed from each replicate on 1 Oct and the total no. of Northern masked chafer (NMC) and Japanese beetle grubs (JB) grubs was recorded. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and means were separated with WD (P ≤ 0.05). The experimental areas received excessive rainfall in 2004 with 25.04 inches of liquid precipitation recorded from 2 Jul through 1 Oct. The area selected for the experiment had been infested with a natural population of NMC and JB grubs during the fall of 2003. NMC was the predominant white grub species present throughout the research area in 2003. Pre-treatment counts recorded on 9 Oct 2003 avg 10.6 NMC third instar grubs/ft . Adult NMC’s were monitored in 2004 with a black light trap maintained at the Valentine Turfgrass Research Center. The first adult NMC was collected between 14 and17 Jun. Peak NMC adult flight was recorded from approximately 21 Jun through 1 Jul. Japanese beetle adults were observing flying late through early September. Four treatments provided significant suppression of JB grubs; plus, when JB and NMC grubs were combined all treatments were effective. NMC was not significantly reduced by the treatments as a result of very low populations. The majority of JB grubs recovered from the untreated check plots were second instars based on head capsule measurements taken in the field. The range of second instar JB grubs recovered from the untreated check replicates (combined) was 41.7% – 81.2% with an avg recovery of 66.0%. This would indicate that the JB eggs recently had been oviposited by adult beetles. The excessive volume of rain received in 2004 could have negatively impacted both JB and NMC populations, while delaying development of grub life stages. No phytotoxicty was recorded. 2 Avg no. white grubs/ft Treatment/ Rate a ab formulation lb (AI)/acre JB NMC Total ProScape 16-4-8 Mesa 1.33% Mach 2 G 2.0 1.6ab 1.0a 2.6ab 12-0-12 Fertilizer with 1.00% Mach 2 G 2.0 0.9b 0.3a 1.2b Shaw’s 1.33% Mach 2 15-3-5 G 2.0 0.7 b 0.0a 0.7b Shaw’s 1.33% Mach 2 15-0-15 G 2.0 0.7 b 1.1a 1.8b Mach 2 Plus Fertilizer 0.86% G 2.0 0.1b 0.6a 0.7b Untreated check --- 3.6a 1.4a 5.0a Means in a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P > 0.05, WD). Mean descriptions are reported in log transformed data units, and are not non-transformed. Combination of JB and NMC grubs.
Journal
Arthropod Management Tests
– Oxford University Press
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