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Insecticidal Control of Citrus Leafminer on Red Grapefruit, 1995

Insecticidal Control of Citrus Leafminer on Red Grapefruit, 1995 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/amt/article-abstract/22/1/62/4639824 by DeepDyve user on 21 July 2020 62 Arthropod Management Tests, Vol. 21 D: CITRUS, NUTS, AND AVOCADOS GRAPEFRUIT Citrus paradisi Macfaden 'Rio Red' P. A. Stansly & G. L. Fulcher (6D) Citrus Leafminer (CLM), Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton University of Florida/IFAS SW Florida Res. & Ed. Ctr. P.O. Box 5127 Immokalee, FL 33934 INSECTICIDAL CONTROL OF CITRUS LEAFMINER ON RED GRAPEFRUIT, 1995: The trial was conducted in a nursery block of 1.5 year old 'Rio Red' grapefruit rooted to Swingle citrumelo, planted in single rows, 6 inches between trees. All treatments included 1.5% Sunspray 7E oil and were applied on 2 Nov. 1995 using a hand held boom fitted with 5 Albuz ceramic hollow cone nozzles (two on each side and one over top) supplied by a C0 backpack sprayer operating at 40 psi, with a spray volume of 25 gpa. A RCB design was used with 4 replications and 11 treatments. Blocks were single rows and plots consisted of 30 trees each. Evaluations on 10 new leaf flushes per plot were taken at 3,7 , 14 and 21 days after treatment (DAT) and included the number of mines on the five smallest leaves per flush starting with a one inch leaf, number of live larvae and pupae on the entire flush, and a foliage damage index (percent leaf surface damaged). Significant differences were seen in all categories 3 DA T with fewest new mines observed on leaves treated with Agri-Mek, but not less than Lors- ban at 3 lb, Sevin, Ethion or Supracide. Fewest new mines were again seen 7 DAT with Agri-Mek, but not significantly different from Lorsban 4E at ei­ ther rate, Sevin 80S or Ethion. Fewest live CLM larvae were seen on leaves treated with Agri-Mek, but not significantly less than Lorsban 4E at the high rate or Supracide. Fewest new mines and larvae were seen 14 DA T with Agri-Mek and Lorsban 4E at 3 lb, but not significantly so compared to Lorsban at 1.5 lb, Sevin 80S, Guthion or Ethion. There were no significant treatment effects on new mines 21 DAT (data not shown), but larvae and pupae were fewest on leaves treated with Agri-Mek followed by the high rate of Lorsban 4E. Over the 21 -day period, least leaf damage was observed on flush sprayed with Agri-Mek. 3 DAT 7 DAT 14 DA T 21 DAT Treatment/ Rate Mines CLM Mines CLM Mines CLM CLM Pupae Damage Formulation (lb Al/acre) (No.) (No.) (No.) (No.) (No.) (No.) (No.) (No.) (%) Agri-Mek 0.15 E 0.01 4.4de 0.1c 1.7d 0.2f 3.6d 4.2e 7.Id 0.2c 8.8d Lorsban 4E 6.1bcde 3.0ef 3.7d 11.6c 0.4bc 3.0 3.1b 2.8cd 2.0e 20.2bc Lorsban 75W 3.0 4.9cde 2.6b 6. la b 16.8bc 8.0ab 16.8c 13.7bc 1.2ab 28.1bc Lorsban 4E 8.4b 7.3de 4.2cd 10.3d 11.4cd l.lab c 1.5 3.1c 3.6cd 30.2bc Lorsban 75W 1.5 6.1bcde 0.7c 5.9ab 21.0b 5.7bcd 17.8c 15.5bc 1.5a 30.7bc Sevin XLR 7.2bcd 8.6de 6.7bc 14.6bc 1.6a 5.0 0.5c 4.3bc 24.6b 25.5bc Sevin 80S 5.0 7.0bcd 0.9c 3.6cd 5.6de 5.7bcd 13.8c 13.2bc 1.4a 29.8bc Ethion 4EC . 3.2de 3.led 5.3de 5:9bcd 15.2bc 1.6a 3.0 3.2b 13.1c 24.4bc Guthion 3F 1.5 8.1bc 3.4b 7.2a 10.9cd 4.9cd 15.7c 13.0bc 1.2ab 32.6b Supracide 2EC 6.4bcde 3.8ef 6.8bc 16.3b 1.5a 1.5 1.5c 6.6a 10.4d 27.8cb Untreated Check 15.4 7.5a 33.0a 10.9a 37.1a 21.3a 1.7a 41.5a 56.3a Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P < 0.5, Fisher's protected LSD). Sunspray 7E oil @ 1.5% included with all treatments. LEMON: Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck, 'Lisbon' D. L. Kerns and T. Tellez (7D) Citrus thrips (CT); Scirtothrips citri Moulton University of Arizona Department of Entomology Yuma Valley Agric. Center Yuma, Arizona 85364 EFFICACY OF EXPERIMENTAL INSECTICIDES TO CITRUS THRIPS ON LEMONS, 1996: Eight year old lemon trees in Yuma, AZ, were treated with experimental insecticides for control of citrus thrips. The treatments were arranged in a RCB design, consisting of four replicates. Each plot (30 by 90 ft) consisted of three trees, spaced 30 ft apart, in a row. Applications were made using a backpack air-blast sprayer calibrated to deliver 100 gpa. Treatments were applied approximately seven days after petal fall on Apr 2, Apr 23 and May 08. Evaluations were made on 4 Apr, 9 Apr, 15 Apr, 23 Apr, 25 Apr, 29 Apr, 6 May, 10 May, 13 May, 20 May and 29 May. Percent infested fruit were estimated by sampling ten fruit per tree for the presence or absence of immature CT. Fruit damage was assessed on Aug 19 by rating the degree of rind scarring: 1 = no scarring, 2 = slight scarring around the calyx, 3 = significant scarring around the calyx, 4 = slight scarring on the side of the fruit and 5 = major scarring on the side of the fruit. Percentages fruit infested with immature CT were statistically analysed using a square-root transformation, but the data presented in the tables is untransformed. Differ­ ences among treatments were separated using ANOVA and an F protected LSD. Precounts were taken on 29 Mar, infested fruit averaged 11.87 percent and did not differ among treatments. Immediately following the first appli­ cation, temperatures became cool and CT populations dropped. Temperatures and CT populations increased following the second application. Overall, Alert, Success, Fipronil and Carzol appeared to have the most activity. Due to light CT pressure there were no differences in fruit scarring among the in­ secticides. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Arthropod Management Tests Oxford University Press

Insecticidal Control of Citrus Leafminer on Red Grapefruit, 1995

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Publisher
Oxford University Press
Copyright
© 1997 Entomological Society of America.
eISSN
2155-9856
DOI
10.1093/amt/22.1.62
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Abstract

Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/amt/article-abstract/22/1/62/4639824 by DeepDyve user on 21 July 2020 62 Arthropod Management Tests, Vol. 21 D: CITRUS, NUTS, AND AVOCADOS GRAPEFRUIT Citrus paradisi Macfaden 'Rio Red' P. A. Stansly & G. L. Fulcher (6D) Citrus Leafminer (CLM), Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton University of Florida/IFAS SW Florida Res. & Ed. Ctr. P.O. Box 5127 Immokalee, FL 33934 INSECTICIDAL CONTROL OF CITRUS LEAFMINER ON RED GRAPEFRUIT, 1995: The trial was conducted in a nursery block of 1.5 year old 'Rio Red' grapefruit rooted to Swingle citrumelo, planted in single rows, 6 inches between trees. All treatments included 1.5% Sunspray 7E oil and were applied on 2 Nov. 1995 using a hand held boom fitted with 5 Albuz ceramic hollow cone nozzles (two on each side and one over top) supplied by a C0 backpack sprayer operating at 40 psi, with a spray volume of 25 gpa. A RCB design was used with 4 replications and 11 treatments. Blocks were single rows and plots consisted of 30 trees each. Evaluations on 10 new leaf flushes per plot were taken at 3,7 , 14 and 21 days after treatment (DAT) and included the number of mines on the five smallest leaves per flush starting with a one inch leaf, number of live larvae and pupae on the entire flush, and a foliage damage index (percent leaf surface damaged). Significant differences were seen in all categories 3 DA T with fewest new mines observed on leaves treated with Agri-Mek, but not less than Lors- ban at 3 lb, Sevin, Ethion or Supracide. Fewest new mines were again seen 7 DAT with Agri-Mek, but not significantly different from Lorsban 4E at ei­ ther rate, Sevin 80S or Ethion. Fewest live CLM larvae were seen on leaves treated with Agri-Mek, but not significantly less than Lorsban 4E at the high rate or Supracide. Fewest new mines and larvae were seen 14 DA T with Agri-Mek and Lorsban 4E at 3 lb, but not significantly so compared to Lorsban at 1.5 lb, Sevin 80S, Guthion or Ethion. There were no significant treatment effects on new mines 21 DAT (data not shown), but larvae and pupae were fewest on leaves treated with Agri-Mek followed by the high rate of Lorsban 4E. Over the 21 -day period, least leaf damage was observed on flush sprayed with Agri-Mek. 3 DAT 7 DAT 14 DA T 21 DAT Treatment/ Rate Mines CLM Mines CLM Mines CLM CLM Pupae Damage Formulation (lb Al/acre) (No.) (No.) (No.) (No.) (No.) (No.) (No.) (No.) (%) Agri-Mek 0.15 E 0.01 4.4de 0.1c 1.7d 0.2f 3.6d 4.2e 7.Id 0.2c 8.8d Lorsban 4E 6.1bcde 3.0ef 3.7d 11.6c 0.4bc 3.0 3.1b 2.8cd 2.0e 20.2bc Lorsban 75W 3.0 4.9cde 2.6b 6. la b 16.8bc 8.0ab 16.8c 13.7bc 1.2ab 28.1bc Lorsban 4E 8.4b 7.3de 4.2cd 10.3d 11.4cd l.lab c 1.5 3.1c 3.6cd 30.2bc Lorsban 75W 1.5 6.1bcde 0.7c 5.9ab 21.0b 5.7bcd 17.8c 15.5bc 1.5a 30.7bc Sevin XLR 7.2bcd 8.6de 6.7bc 14.6bc 1.6a 5.0 0.5c 4.3bc 24.6b 25.5bc Sevin 80S 5.0 7.0bcd 0.9c 3.6cd 5.6de 5.7bcd 13.8c 13.2bc 1.4a 29.8bc Ethion 4EC . 3.2de 3.led 5.3de 5:9bcd 15.2bc 1.6a 3.0 3.2b 13.1c 24.4bc Guthion 3F 1.5 8.1bc 3.4b 7.2a 10.9cd 4.9cd 15.7c 13.0bc 1.2ab 32.6b Supracide 2EC 6.4bcde 3.8ef 6.8bc 16.3b 1.5a 1.5 1.5c 6.6a 10.4d 27.8cb Untreated Check 15.4 7.5a 33.0a 10.9a 37.1a 21.3a 1.7a 41.5a 56.3a Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P < 0.5, Fisher's protected LSD). Sunspray 7E oil @ 1.5% included with all treatments. LEMON: Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck, 'Lisbon' D. L. Kerns and T. Tellez (7D) Citrus thrips (CT); Scirtothrips citri Moulton University of Arizona Department of Entomology Yuma Valley Agric. Center Yuma, Arizona 85364 EFFICACY OF EXPERIMENTAL INSECTICIDES TO CITRUS THRIPS ON LEMONS, 1996: Eight year old lemon trees in Yuma, AZ, were treated with experimental insecticides for control of citrus thrips. The treatments were arranged in a RCB design, consisting of four replicates. Each plot (30 by 90 ft) consisted of three trees, spaced 30 ft apart, in a row. Applications were made using a backpack air-blast sprayer calibrated to deliver 100 gpa. Treatments were applied approximately seven days after petal fall on Apr 2, Apr 23 and May 08. Evaluations were made on 4 Apr, 9 Apr, 15 Apr, 23 Apr, 25 Apr, 29 Apr, 6 May, 10 May, 13 May, 20 May and 29 May. Percent infested fruit were estimated by sampling ten fruit per tree for the presence or absence of immature CT. Fruit damage was assessed on Aug 19 by rating the degree of rind scarring: 1 = no scarring, 2 = slight scarring around the calyx, 3 = significant scarring around the calyx, 4 = slight scarring on the side of the fruit and 5 = major scarring on the side of the fruit. Percentages fruit infested with immature CT were statistically analysed using a square-root transformation, but the data presented in the tables is untransformed. Differ­ ences among treatments were separated using ANOVA and an F protected LSD. Precounts were taken on 29 Mar, infested fruit averaged 11.87 percent and did not differ among treatments. Immediately following the first appli­ cation, temperatures became cool and CT populations dropped. Temperatures and CT populations increased following the second application. Overall, Alert, Success, Fipronil and Carzol appeared to have the most activity. Due to light CT pressure there were no differences in fruit scarring among the in­ secticides.

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Arthropod Management Tests – Oxford University Press

Published: Jan 1, 1997

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