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FOLIAR SPRAYS OF NEW AND LABELED INSECTICIDES FOR CONTROL OF ASIAN CITRUS PSYLLID AND CITRUS LEAFMINER IN ORANGES: SUMMER, 2012

FOLIAR SPRAYS OF NEW AND LABELED INSECTICIDES FOR CONTROL OF ASIAN CITRUS PSYLLID AND CITRUS... Arthropod Management Tests 2013, Vol. 38 doi: 10.4182/amt.2013.D12 (D12) ORANGE: Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, ‘Hamlin’ FOLIAR SPRAYS OF NEW AND LABELED INSECTICIDES FOR CONTROL OF ASIAN CITRUS PSYLLID AND CITRUS LEAFMINER IN ORANGES: SUMMER, 2012 Philip A. Stansly University of Florida/ IFAS Southwest Florida Res. and Ed. Center 2685 State Road 29 North Immokalee, FL 34142-9515 Phone: (239) 658-3427 Fax: (239) 658-3469 Email: pstansly@ufl.edu Jawwad A. Qureshi Email: jawwadq@ufl.edu Barry C. Kostyk Email: bkostyk@ufl.edu Asian citrus psyllid (ACP): Diaphorina citri Kuwayama Citrus leafminer (CLM): Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton ACP vectors the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, causal organism of citrus greening disease or “Huanglongbing”. Feeding damage from CLM larvae facilitates spread of citrus canker caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri. Effective control measures are needed upon which to develop integrated management strategies against these pests and associated diseases in Florida citrus. The experimental block in a commercial grove near LaBelle, Florida consisted of 3-yr-old sweet orange ‘Hamlin’ trees planted at a density of 130 trees/acre. Trees were watered by drip irrigation and subjected to conventional cultural practices. Trees were flushing and young shoots naturally infested with ACP and CLM immatures at the time of applicaiton. Fourteen treatments and an untreated check were randomly distributed across 4 replicates in 8 rows in an RCBD, with 15 ten-tree plots per replicate. Treatments were applied on 6-7 Jul 2012 using a Durand Wayland AF100-32 air blast speed sprayer with the fan disengaged operating at 1.9 mph and 150 psi with two #6 and #5, (one side, top to bottom) John Bean ceramic nozzles delivering 30 gpa. Treatments applied 7 Jul due to bad weather the previous day included A18351, A16971, A16901, Agriflex + 435 Oil and Agrimek 0.15 EC + 435. Evaluations were made at 3, 10, 17, 24, 32, 38, 46, 53, 60, 67 and 74 days after treatment (DAT) in reference to 6 Jul. Ten randomly selected shoots per plot were collected and examined under a stereomicroscope in the laboratory to count ACP nymphs, and three fully expanded leaves on each shoot examined to count CLM larvae. Density of ACP adults was assessed from six of the ten trees in each plot by counting adult insects falling on a white clipboard placed under randomly chosen branches which were then struck 3 times with a short length of PVC pipe to make a count for one “tap” sample. Data were subjected to ANOVA and means separated using LSD (P = 0.05) are presented. Significant nymphal mortality (Table 1) compared to the untreated check was observed at 3 DAT on all treated trees. Greatest suppression was seen with Exirel and A18351 although not different from Voliam Flexi, Actara and Admire Pro, A16971 and A16901. All treatments significantly reduced live nymphs (Table 1) compared to the untreated check through 17 DAT. At 24 DAT only Exirel, Actara, the high rate Voliam Flexi, Agriflex, and A16901 were still providing significant reduction of live nymphs compared to the untreated check. All treatments reduced ACP adults through 60 DAT (Table 2) except the low rate of Closer, Sivanto, A16971, Actara, Agriflex and Agrimek. A16901, the high rate of Closer, Admire Pro, A16971 and Voliam Flexi consistently performed better relative to the other treatments. Agrimek and the low rate of Closer were less effective. All treatments reduced CLM larvae through 17 DAT except Closer 240, Danitol, Sivanto and Actara (Table 1). Voliam Flexi at both rates was the most effective treatment through 24 DAT. More treatments were effective against ACP compared with CLM both in longevity and magnitude of reduction. 1 Arthropod Management Tests 2013, Vol. 38 doi: 10.4182/amt.2013.D12 Table 1. Rate amt Mean no. dead ACP Mean no. live ACP nymphs/shoot Mean no. CLM larvae/3 leaves/shoot product/100 gpa nymphs/shoot Treatments or % v/v 3 DAT 3 DAT 10 DAT 17 DAT 24 DAT 3 DAT 10 DAT 17 DAT 24 DAT Untreated check none 0.73f 29.60a 36.78a 39.20a 23.58ab 0.75a 1.43a 0.63a 1.42bcde Danitol 2.4 EC + 435 Oil 16.0 oz + 2% 8.48de 1.23cd 14.73c 8.18def 28.78a 0.28bcde 1.35a 0.73a 2.11abc Closer 240 SC + 435 Oil 3.0 oz + 2% 9.18de 7.60b 22.08b 15.78bc 19.62abc 0.58ab 0.98bc 0.55ab 1.00defg Closer 240 SC + 435 Oil 4.25 oz + 2% 6.73e 6.00b 8.90cd 18.23b 15.89abcd 0.48ab 1.28ab 0.55ab 2.25ab Exirel + 435 Oil 16.0 oz + 2% 17.69a 0.39cd 0.00e 1.48g 9.44cde 0.00e 0.03ef 0.10de 0.91defg Sivanto 200 SL + 435 Oil 10.5 oz + 2% 7.85de 4.93bc 4.58de 14.25bc 29.25a 0.23cde 0.55d 0.55abc 1.54abcde Admire Pro 4.6 SC + 435 Oil 7.0 oz + 2% 11.68bcde 1.08cd 0.05e 10.75cde 29.18a 0.00e 0.38de 0.33bcd 2.39a A18351 20.6 oz 17.40ab 3.40bcd 2.05e 5.50efg 20.96abc 0.15de 0.00f 0.23cde 1.12defg A16971 5.35 oz 13.21abcd 0.20d 0.00e 2.33g 13.81bcde 0.41bcd 0.08ef 0.18de 0.84efg A16901 7.14 oz 15.30abc 0.33cd 0.15e 3.90fg 5.74de 0.23cde 0.00f 0.25cde 1.78abcd Actara 25 WG + 435 Oil 5.5 oz + 2% 13.13abcd 0.00d 1.70e 5.15efg 3.47de 0.00e 0.70cd 0.48abc 2.18abc Voliam Flexi + 435 Oil 5 oz + 2% 11.18cde 0.05d 0.05e 0.65g 14.31bcde 0.05e 0.00f 0.10de 0.46fd Voliam Flexi + 435 Oil 7.0 oz + 2% 15.13abc 0.45cd 0.00e 0.48g 1.89e 0.28bcde 0.03ef 0.03e 0.38g Agriflex + 435 Oil 8.5 oz + 2% 10.40cde 0.13d 0.03e 0.28g 8.44cde 0.00e 0.05ef 0.25cde 1.32cde Agrimek 0.15 EC + 435 Oil 4.25 oz + 2% 8.85de 3.00bcd 13.75c 11.40cd 21.44abc 0.08e 0.08ef 0.28bcde 0.92defg Means in a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P > 0.05, LSD) Table 2. Rate amt Mean no. ACP adults/tap sample product/100 gpa Treatments or % v/v 3 DAT 10 DAT 17 DAT 24 DAT 32 DAT 38 DAT 46 DAT 53 DAT 60 DAT 67 DAT 74 DAT Untreated check none 0.92a 1.25a 2.29a 4.38a 3.00a 2.54a 2.54a 1.67a 2.04ab 1.79ab 0.88bc Danitol 2.4 EC + 435 Oil 16.0 oz + 2% 0.00c 0.29cde 0.50bc 0.95cdef 0.75def 0.92c 1.33bcd 0.75bcd 1.21c 1.08bcde 0.92bc Closer 240 SC + 435 Oil 3.0 oz + 2% 0.17c 1.00ab 2.46a 2.58b 0.78cdef 2.38ab 2.08ab 1.88a 2.38a 2.08a 1.54a Closer 240 SC + 435 Oil 4.25 oz + 2% 0.38bc 0.63bcd 0.25bc 0.46defg 1.50bc 0.79cd 0.92defg 0.46d 0.88c 0.75de 0.54cd Exirel + 435 Oil 16.0 oz + 2% 0.21c 0.04e 0.46bc 0.54defg 0.17ef 0.67cd 0.54efg 0.46d 0.88c 1.25abcde 0.46cd Sivanto 200 SL + 435 Oil 10.5 oz + 2% 0.71ab 1.04ab 0.88b 1.00cde 1.75b 0.75cd 1.42bcd 1.21abc 1.58bc 1.83ab 0.75bcd Admire Pro 4.6 SC + 435 Oil 7.0 oz + 2% 0.08c 0.21cde 0.88b 0.46defg 0.50ef 0.71cd 1.17cdef 0.88bcd 1.00c 0.71de 0.33cd A18351 20.6 oz 0.38bc 0.04e 0.29bc 0.25defg 0.75def 0.67cd 0.63defg 0.38d 1.46bc 1.378abcd 0.67cd A16971 5.35 oz 0.71ab 0.13de 0.13bc 0.21defg 0.21ef 0.29cd 0.88defg 0.54cd 1.04c 0.92cde 0.83bc A16901 7.14 oz 0.17c 0.00e 0.08bc 0.04fg 0.13ef 0.13d 0.79defg 0.42d 1.04c 0.71de 0.25d Actara 25 WG + 435 Oil 5.5 oz + 2% 0.25c 0.54bcde 0.33bc 1.13cd 0.88cde 1.67b 2.08ab 0.50d 1.25c 1.50abcd 0.46cd Voliam Flexi + 435 Oil 5 oz + 2% 0.04c 0.00e 0.13bc 0.00g 0.08f 0.54cd 0.42fg 0.58cd 0.96c 0.80de 0.54cd Voliam Flexi + 435 Oil 7.0 oz + 2% 0.00c 0.04e 0.04c 0.08efg 0.21ef 0.25cd 0.33g 0.42d 0.88c 0.46e 0.54cd Agriflex + 435 Oil 8.5 oz + 2% 0.08c 0.13de 0.38bc 0.63defg 0.50ef 0.41cd 0.54efg 0.58cd 1.38bc 1.21bcde 0.88bc Agrimek 0.15 EC + 435 Oil 4.25 oz + 2% 0.83a 0.75abc 1.92a 1.79bc 1.29bcd 1.92ab 1.75abc 1.33ab 1.38bc 1.67abc 1.29ab Means in a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P > 0.05, LSD) http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Arthropod Management Tests Oxford University Press

FOLIAR SPRAYS OF NEW AND LABELED INSECTICIDES FOR CONTROL OF ASIAN CITRUS PSYLLID AND CITRUS LEAFMINER IN ORANGES: SUMMER, 2012

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Oxford University Press
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© Published by Oxford University Press.
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2155-9856
DOI
10.4182/amt.2013.D12
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Abstract

Arthropod Management Tests 2013, Vol. 38 doi: 10.4182/amt.2013.D12 (D12) ORANGE: Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, ‘Hamlin’ FOLIAR SPRAYS OF NEW AND LABELED INSECTICIDES FOR CONTROL OF ASIAN CITRUS PSYLLID AND CITRUS LEAFMINER IN ORANGES: SUMMER, 2012 Philip A. Stansly University of Florida/ IFAS Southwest Florida Res. and Ed. Center 2685 State Road 29 North Immokalee, FL 34142-9515 Phone: (239) 658-3427 Fax: (239) 658-3469 Email: pstansly@ufl.edu Jawwad A. Qureshi Email: jawwadq@ufl.edu Barry C. Kostyk Email: bkostyk@ufl.edu Asian citrus psyllid (ACP): Diaphorina citri Kuwayama Citrus leafminer (CLM): Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton ACP vectors the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, causal organism of citrus greening disease or “Huanglongbing”. Feeding damage from CLM larvae facilitates spread of citrus canker caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri. Effective control measures are needed upon which to develop integrated management strategies against these pests and associated diseases in Florida citrus. The experimental block in a commercial grove near LaBelle, Florida consisted of 3-yr-old sweet orange ‘Hamlin’ trees planted at a density of 130 trees/acre. Trees were watered by drip irrigation and subjected to conventional cultural practices. Trees were flushing and young shoots naturally infested with ACP and CLM immatures at the time of applicaiton. Fourteen treatments and an untreated check were randomly distributed across 4 replicates in 8 rows in an RCBD, with 15 ten-tree plots per replicate. Treatments were applied on 6-7 Jul 2012 using a Durand Wayland AF100-32 air blast speed sprayer with the fan disengaged operating at 1.9 mph and 150 psi with two #6 and #5, (one side, top to bottom) John Bean ceramic nozzles delivering 30 gpa. Treatments applied 7 Jul due to bad weather the previous day included A18351, A16971, A16901, Agriflex + 435 Oil and Agrimek 0.15 EC + 435. Evaluations were made at 3, 10, 17, 24, 32, 38, 46, 53, 60, 67 and 74 days after treatment (DAT) in reference to 6 Jul. Ten randomly selected shoots per plot were collected and examined under a stereomicroscope in the laboratory to count ACP nymphs, and three fully expanded leaves on each shoot examined to count CLM larvae. Density of ACP adults was assessed from six of the ten trees in each plot by counting adult insects falling on a white clipboard placed under randomly chosen branches which were then struck 3 times with a short length of PVC pipe to make a count for one “tap” sample. Data were subjected to ANOVA and means separated using LSD (P = 0.05) are presented. Significant nymphal mortality (Table 1) compared to the untreated check was observed at 3 DAT on all treated trees. Greatest suppression was seen with Exirel and A18351 although not different from Voliam Flexi, Actara and Admire Pro, A16971 and A16901. All treatments significantly reduced live nymphs (Table 1) compared to the untreated check through 17 DAT. At 24 DAT only Exirel, Actara, the high rate Voliam Flexi, Agriflex, and A16901 were still providing significant reduction of live nymphs compared to the untreated check. All treatments reduced ACP adults through 60 DAT (Table 2) except the low rate of Closer, Sivanto, A16971, Actara, Agriflex and Agrimek. A16901, the high rate of Closer, Admire Pro, A16971 and Voliam Flexi consistently performed better relative to the other treatments. Agrimek and the low rate of Closer were less effective. All treatments reduced CLM larvae through 17 DAT except Closer 240, Danitol, Sivanto and Actara (Table 1). Voliam Flexi at both rates was the most effective treatment through 24 DAT. More treatments were effective against ACP compared with CLM both in longevity and magnitude of reduction. 1 Arthropod Management Tests 2013, Vol. 38 doi: 10.4182/amt.2013.D12 Table 1. Rate amt Mean no. dead ACP Mean no. live ACP nymphs/shoot Mean no. CLM larvae/3 leaves/shoot product/100 gpa nymphs/shoot Treatments or % v/v 3 DAT 3 DAT 10 DAT 17 DAT 24 DAT 3 DAT 10 DAT 17 DAT 24 DAT Untreated check none 0.73f 29.60a 36.78a 39.20a 23.58ab 0.75a 1.43a 0.63a 1.42bcde Danitol 2.4 EC + 435 Oil 16.0 oz + 2% 8.48de 1.23cd 14.73c 8.18def 28.78a 0.28bcde 1.35a 0.73a 2.11abc Closer 240 SC + 435 Oil 3.0 oz + 2% 9.18de 7.60b 22.08b 15.78bc 19.62abc 0.58ab 0.98bc 0.55ab 1.00defg Closer 240 SC + 435 Oil 4.25 oz + 2% 6.73e 6.00b 8.90cd 18.23b 15.89abcd 0.48ab 1.28ab 0.55ab 2.25ab Exirel + 435 Oil 16.0 oz + 2% 17.69a 0.39cd 0.00e 1.48g 9.44cde 0.00e 0.03ef 0.10de 0.91defg Sivanto 200 SL + 435 Oil 10.5 oz + 2% 7.85de 4.93bc 4.58de 14.25bc 29.25a 0.23cde 0.55d 0.55abc 1.54abcde Admire Pro 4.6 SC + 435 Oil 7.0 oz + 2% 11.68bcde 1.08cd 0.05e 10.75cde 29.18a 0.00e 0.38de 0.33bcd 2.39a A18351 20.6 oz 17.40ab 3.40bcd 2.05e 5.50efg 20.96abc 0.15de 0.00f 0.23cde 1.12defg A16971 5.35 oz 13.21abcd 0.20d 0.00e 2.33g 13.81bcde 0.41bcd 0.08ef 0.18de 0.84efg A16901 7.14 oz 15.30abc 0.33cd 0.15e 3.90fg 5.74de 0.23cde 0.00f 0.25cde 1.78abcd Actara 25 WG + 435 Oil 5.5 oz + 2% 13.13abcd 0.00d 1.70e 5.15efg 3.47de 0.00e 0.70cd 0.48abc 2.18abc Voliam Flexi + 435 Oil 5 oz + 2% 11.18cde 0.05d 0.05e 0.65g 14.31bcde 0.05e 0.00f 0.10de 0.46fd Voliam Flexi + 435 Oil 7.0 oz + 2% 15.13abc 0.45cd 0.00e 0.48g 1.89e 0.28bcde 0.03ef 0.03e 0.38g Agriflex + 435 Oil 8.5 oz + 2% 10.40cde 0.13d 0.03e 0.28g 8.44cde 0.00e 0.05ef 0.25cde 1.32cde Agrimek 0.15 EC + 435 Oil 4.25 oz + 2% 8.85de 3.00bcd 13.75c 11.40cd 21.44abc 0.08e 0.08ef 0.28bcde 0.92defg Means in a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P > 0.05, LSD) Table 2. Rate amt Mean no. ACP adults/tap sample product/100 gpa Treatments or % v/v 3 DAT 10 DAT 17 DAT 24 DAT 32 DAT 38 DAT 46 DAT 53 DAT 60 DAT 67 DAT 74 DAT Untreated check none 0.92a 1.25a 2.29a 4.38a 3.00a 2.54a 2.54a 1.67a 2.04ab 1.79ab 0.88bc Danitol 2.4 EC + 435 Oil 16.0 oz + 2% 0.00c 0.29cde 0.50bc 0.95cdef 0.75def 0.92c 1.33bcd 0.75bcd 1.21c 1.08bcde 0.92bc Closer 240 SC + 435 Oil 3.0 oz + 2% 0.17c 1.00ab 2.46a 2.58b 0.78cdef 2.38ab 2.08ab 1.88a 2.38a 2.08a 1.54a Closer 240 SC + 435 Oil 4.25 oz + 2% 0.38bc 0.63bcd 0.25bc 0.46defg 1.50bc 0.79cd 0.92defg 0.46d 0.88c 0.75de 0.54cd Exirel + 435 Oil 16.0 oz + 2% 0.21c 0.04e 0.46bc 0.54defg 0.17ef 0.67cd 0.54efg 0.46d 0.88c 1.25abcde 0.46cd Sivanto 200 SL + 435 Oil 10.5 oz + 2% 0.71ab 1.04ab 0.88b 1.00cde 1.75b 0.75cd 1.42bcd 1.21abc 1.58bc 1.83ab 0.75bcd Admire Pro 4.6 SC + 435 Oil 7.0 oz + 2% 0.08c 0.21cde 0.88b 0.46defg 0.50ef 0.71cd 1.17cdef 0.88bcd 1.00c 0.71de 0.33cd A18351 20.6 oz 0.38bc 0.04e 0.29bc 0.25defg 0.75def 0.67cd 0.63defg 0.38d 1.46bc 1.378abcd 0.67cd A16971 5.35 oz 0.71ab 0.13de 0.13bc 0.21defg 0.21ef 0.29cd 0.88defg 0.54cd 1.04c 0.92cde 0.83bc A16901 7.14 oz 0.17c 0.00e 0.08bc 0.04fg 0.13ef 0.13d 0.79defg 0.42d 1.04c 0.71de 0.25d Actara 25 WG + 435 Oil 5.5 oz + 2% 0.25c 0.54bcde 0.33bc 1.13cd 0.88cde 1.67b 2.08ab 0.50d 1.25c 1.50abcd 0.46cd Voliam Flexi + 435 Oil 5 oz + 2% 0.04c 0.00e 0.13bc 0.00g 0.08f 0.54cd 0.42fg 0.58cd 0.96c 0.80de 0.54cd Voliam Flexi + 435 Oil 7.0 oz + 2% 0.00c 0.04e 0.04c 0.08efg 0.21ef 0.25cd 0.33g 0.42d 0.88c 0.46e 0.54cd Agriflex + 435 Oil 8.5 oz + 2% 0.08c 0.13de 0.38bc 0.63defg 0.50ef 0.41cd 0.54efg 0.58cd 1.38bc 1.21bcde 0.88bc Agrimek 0.15 EC + 435 Oil 4.25 oz + 2% 0.83a 0.75abc 1.92a 1.79bc 1.29bcd 1.92ab 1.75abc 1.33ab 1.38bc 1.67abc 1.29ab Means in a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P > 0.05, LSD)

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Arthropod Management TestsOxford University Press

Published: Jan 1, 2013

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