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EFFECT OF INSECTICIDES ON CELERY INSECTS, 2005

EFFECT OF INSECTICIDES ON CELERY INSECTS, 2005 (E9) CELERY: Apium graveolens L. ‘Conquistador’ G. S. Kund Dept. of Entomology Univ. of California Riverside, CA 92521 Phone: 951-827-4297 E-mail: gkund@ucr.edu W. G. Carson J. T. Trumble Beet armyworm (BAW): Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) Black cutworm (CW): Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) Leafminer (LM): Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) Celery was transplanted in a sandy loam type soil on 13 Sep 2005 at the University of California’s South Coast Research and Extension Center. The plants were drip irrigated (water pH 7.2 - 7.5). Experimental plots were 8 beds wide (2 rows per bed) on 40 inch centers by 65 ft long and separated by a 3-ft buffer with 4 replicates of each treatment in RCB design. Applications were initiated from 10 Nov through 29 Dec (total of 7 applications). Actual dates of applications were: 10, 17 Nov; 1, 8, 15, 22, 29 Dec. All chemicals were applied by a tractor mounted boom sprayer operated at 125 psi. Nozzles were 4 per bed and the carrier (H O) was at 100 gpa. Disc-type cone nozzles incorporated D3 orifice discs, # 25 cores and 50- mesh screens. All chemicals included X-77 spreader-sticker at 0.125% v/v. The “Low Input 1” treatment consisted of Envirepel and Xentari which were applied concurrently on 17 Nov and 8, 22 Dec. Knack was sprayed three times in the “Low Input 2” treatment with a rotation of Xentari, Confirm, and Xentari (17 Nov and 8, 22 Dec). The chemical standard treatment was composed of Lannate and Pounce and was sprayed on 10 Nov, 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29 Dec. Leafminer (LM) populations were evaluated by weekly counts of pre-pupae and pupae in four 5 1/2 by 11 inch trays/replicate when the plants reached a suitable height. Actual sampling dates were 15, 22, 29 Nov, 5, 13, and 19 Dec. The number of dead adult parasites of Liriomyza species were recorded in the same manner and on the same dates listed for pupal counts. Evaluation of BAW populations was based on number of damaged plants found in 25 plants per replicate (100/treatment) from the center two beds of each replicate at harvest (10 Jan 2006). Data were analyzed with ANOVA and mean separation used the Fisher’s protected LSD Populations of BAW were very high throughout the growing period with over 40 % of control plants damaged (Table 1). The chemical standard treatment “Lannate and Pounce” provided the best control. LM pressure was low and the results are shown in Table 2. The numbers of dead parasites were very low so the results are not shown. The whitefly test with the Knack treatment did not provide any significant results due to a low level of pressure. Adults were seen in the field but nymph populations were very low so no separation was possible. There were no phytotoxic effects in any of the treatments. Table 1 Mean No. of Plants Damaged by b d Treatment Rate Cutworm Beet Armyworm All Leps /Formulation AI/acre (CW) (BAW) Control-Untreated --- 0.50 10.25b 10.75b Low Input 1 0.00 1.75a 1.75a Envirepel 1% Xentari DF 1.0 lb Low Input 2 0.00 3.25a 3.25a Knack 0.8 EC 8 oz Xentari DF 1.0 lb Confirm 2F 12 oz Lannate LV + 0.9 lb 0.00 0.50a 0.50a Pounce 3.2EC 0.2 lb ANOVA F value 3.000 10.683 11.370 ANOVA P value 0.073 0.001 0.001 Means in columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P < 0.05 level, Fisher’s Protected LSD). 25 plants examined per replicate, four replicates per treatment. All chemicals included X-77 spreader-sticker at 0.125% v/v. Unless otherwise noted. Includes the additional few plants damaged by CW. Envirepel and Xentari applied concurrently on 17 Nov and 8, 22 Dec. Knack sprayed three times alternating with Xentari and Confirm. Table 2 Mean No. of leafminers Treatment Rate/ /Formulation acre 15 Nov 22 Nov 29 Nov 5 Dec 13 Dec 19 Dec Control-Untreated --- 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Low Input 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Envirepel 1% Xentari DF 1.0 lb Low Input 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Knack 0.8 EC 8 oz Xentari DF 1.0 lb Confirm 2F 12 oz Lannate LV + 0.9 lb 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pounce 3.2EC 0.2 lb ANOVA F value (by column) --- 1.000 3.000 --- --- --- ANOVA P value (by column) --- 0.426 0.073 --- --- --- Means in columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P < 0.05 level, Fisher’s Protected LSD test). 4 trays examined per replicate per week, four replicates per treatment. All chemicals included X-77 spreader-sticker at 0.125% v/v. Envirepel and Xentari applied concurrently on 17 Nov and 8, 22 Dec. Knack sprayed three times alternating with Xentari and Confirm. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Arthropod Management Tests Oxford University Press

EFFECT OF INSECTICIDES ON CELERY INSECTS, 2005

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Oxford University Press
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© Published by Oxford University Press.
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2155-9856
DOI
10.1093/amt/32.1.E9
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Abstract

(E9) CELERY: Apium graveolens L. ‘Conquistador’ G. S. Kund Dept. of Entomology Univ. of California Riverside, CA 92521 Phone: 951-827-4297 E-mail: gkund@ucr.edu W. G. Carson J. T. Trumble Beet armyworm (BAW): Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) Black cutworm (CW): Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) Leafminer (LM): Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) Celery was transplanted in a sandy loam type soil on 13 Sep 2005 at the University of California’s South Coast Research and Extension Center. The plants were drip irrigated (water pH 7.2 - 7.5). Experimental plots were 8 beds wide (2 rows per bed) on 40 inch centers by 65 ft long and separated by a 3-ft buffer with 4 replicates of each treatment in RCB design. Applications were initiated from 10 Nov through 29 Dec (total of 7 applications). Actual dates of applications were: 10, 17 Nov; 1, 8, 15, 22, 29 Dec. All chemicals were applied by a tractor mounted boom sprayer operated at 125 psi. Nozzles were 4 per bed and the carrier (H O) was at 100 gpa. Disc-type cone nozzles incorporated D3 orifice discs, # 25 cores and 50- mesh screens. All chemicals included X-77 spreader-sticker at 0.125% v/v. The “Low Input 1” treatment consisted of Envirepel and Xentari which were applied concurrently on 17 Nov and 8, 22 Dec. Knack was sprayed three times in the “Low Input 2” treatment with a rotation of Xentari, Confirm, and Xentari (17 Nov and 8, 22 Dec). The chemical standard treatment was composed of Lannate and Pounce and was sprayed on 10 Nov, 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29 Dec. Leafminer (LM) populations were evaluated by weekly counts of pre-pupae and pupae in four 5 1/2 by 11 inch trays/replicate when the plants reached a suitable height. Actual sampling dates were 15, 22, 29 Nov, 5, 13, and 19 Dec. The number of dead adult parasites of Liriomyza species were recorded in the same manner and on the same dates listed for pupal counts. Evaluation of BAW populations was based on number of damaged plants found in 25 plants per replicate (100/treatment) from the center two beds of each replicate at harvest (10 Jan 2006). Data were analyzed with ANOVA and mean separation used the Fisher’s protected LSD Populations of BAW were very high throughout the growing period with over 40 % of control plants damaged (Table 1). The chemical standard treatment “Lannate and Pounce” provided the best control. LM pressure was low and the results are shown in Table 2. The numbers of dead parasites were very low so the results are not shown. The whitefly test with the Knack treatment did not provide any significant results due to a low level of pressure. Adults were seen in the field but nymph populations were very low so no separation was possible. There were no phytotoxic effects in any of the treatments. Table 1 Mean No. of Plants Damaged by b d Treatment Rate Cutworm Beet Armyworm All Leps /Formulation AI/acre (CW) (BAW) Control-Untreated --- 0.50 10.25b 10.75b Low Input 1 0.00 1.75a 1.75a Envirepel 1% Xentari DF 1.0 lb Low Input 2 0.00 3.25a 3.25a Knack 0.8 EC 8 oz Xentari DF 1.0 lb Confirm 2F 12 oz Lannate LV + 0.9 lb 0.00 0.50a 0.50a Pounce 3.2EC 0.2 lb ANOVA F value 3.000 10.683 11.370 ANOVA P value 0.073 0.001 0.001 Means in columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P < 0.05 level, Fisher’s Protected LSD). 25 plants examined per replicate, four replicates per treatment. All chemicals included X-77 spreader-sticker at 0.125% v/v. Unless otherwise noted. Includes the additional few plants damaged by CW. Envirepel and Xentari applied concurrently on 17 Nov and 8, 22 Dec. Knack sprayed three times alternating with Xentari and Confirm. Table 2 Mean No. of leafminers Treatment Rate/ /Formulation acre 15 Nov 22 Nov 29 Nov 5 Dec 13 Dec 19 Dec Control-Untreated --- 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Low Input 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Envirepel 1% Xentari DF 1.0 lb Low Input 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Knack 0.8 EC 8 oz Xentari DF 1.0 lb Confirm 2F 12 oz Lannate LV + 0.9 lb 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pounce 3.2EC 0.2 lb ANOVA F value (by column) --- 1.000 3.000 --- --- --- ANOVA P value (by column) --- 0.426 0.073 --- --- --- Means in columns followed by the same letter are not significantly different (P < 0.05 level, Fisher’s Protected LSD test). 4 trays examined per replicate per week, four replicates per treatment. All chemicals included X-77 spreader-sticker at 0.125% v/v. Envirepel and Xentari applied concurrently on 17 Nov and 8, 22 Dec. Knack sprayed three times alternating with Xentari and Confirm.

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Arthropod Management Tests – Oxford University Press

Published: Jan 1, 2007

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