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Control of Vine Mealybug in Wine Grapes, 2020

Control of Vine Mealybug in Wine Grapes, 2020 applyparastyle "fig//caption/p[1]" parastyle "FigCapt" applyparastyle "fig" parastyle "Figure" Arthropod Management T ests, 46(1), 2021, 1–4 doi: 10.1093/amt/tsab030 Section C: Small Fruits GRAPE: Vitis vinifera L. ‘Chardonnay’ HeadA=HeadB=HeadA=HeadB/HeadA HeadB=HeadC=HeadB=HeadC/HeadB HeadC=HeadD=HeadC=HeadD/HeadC Extract3=HeadA=Extract1=HeadA 1, Robert A. Van Steenwyk, Skylar W. Sherbrooke, and Stephen R. Peters-Collaer History=Text=History=Text_First Department of Environmental Science, Policy, & Management, University of California, 130 Mulford Hall – 3114, Berkeley, CA EDI_HeadA=EDI_HeadB=EDI_HeadA=EDI_HeadB/HeadA 94720-3114, USA and Corresponding author, e-mail: bobvanst@berkeley.edu EDI_HeadB=EDI_HeadC=EDI_HeadB=EDI_HeadC/HeadB Section Editor: John Wise EDI_HeadC=EDI_HeadD=EDI_HeadC=EDI_HeadD/HeadC Grape | Vitis vinifera EDI_Extract3=EDI_HeadA=EDI_Extract1=EDI_HeadA ERR_HeadA=ERR_HeadB=ERR_HeadA=ERR_HeadB/HeadA Vine mealybug | Planococcus ficus ERR_HeadB=ERR_HeadC=ERR_HeadB=ERR_HeadC/HeadB This study evaluated the efficacy of Sequoia, Sivanto, and Assail, as data were analyzed with an ANOVA with means separation using ERR_HeadC=ERR_HeadD=ERR_HeadC=ERR_HeadD/HeadC replacements of Lorsban Advanced for the delayed dormant applica- Fisher’s Protected LSD test at P ≤ 0.05. ERR_Extract3=ERR_HeadA=ERR_Extract1=ERR_HeadA tion for VMB control. The study was conducted in a ‘Chardonnay’ The delayed dormant application of Lorsban Advanced had vineyard near Manteca, CA. Eleven experimental treatment programs significantly lower season mean VMB score on trunk and cordon and an untreated check were replicated four times in an RCB design. compared with the delayed dormant application of Sivanto HL, Each replicate was five vines long. The two outside vines in each rep- Sequoia 2SC, or Assail 30SG (Table 1). The delayed dormant ap- licate were considered treated buffer and not sampled. The orchard plication of Sivanto HL, Sequoia 2SC, or Assail 30SG did not sig- was planted on 5 ft. vine by 9 ft. row spacing. Foliar treatments were nificantly reduce the season mean VMB score on trunk and cordon applied with a hand-held sprayer operating with a finished spray compared with similar experimental control programs without the volume of 150 gal/ac. VMB infestation was evaluated in a 1-min delayed dormant applications. All experimental control programs search of the trunk. On 4 May, this search was conducted on one had significantly lower season mean VMB scores compared to the central vine per replicate. Afterwards, the evaluation was conducted untreated check, Movento 2SC alone or Movento 2SC followed by on two central vines and the average value was used for analysis. two applications of Assail 30SG. All experimental control programs All evaluations conducted on and after 29 June included both the had significantly lower mean VMB feeding sites when compared with trunk and cordon during the 1-min search. Damage assessment was the untreated check (Table 2). There was no significant difference in categorized as follows: 0  =  no VMB or honeydew, 1  =  honeydew mean percent unmarketable fruit clusters among the delayed dormant but not visible VMB, 2 = honeydew and visible VMB, and 3 = hon- application of Lorsban Advanced, Sivanto HL, Sequoia 2SC, or Assail eydew and greater than 10 VMB. On and after 29 June, the number 30SG control programs. Also, there was no significant difference in of VMB feeding sites was counted on both the trunk and cordon. mean percent unmarketable fruit clusters among the delayed dor- One feeding site was defined as a ca. 2 cm in diameter moist spot. mant application of Lorsban Advanced, Sivanto HL, Sequoia 2SC, or Prior to commercial harvest on 20 and 21 August, 25 fruit clusters Assail 30SG control programs and similar control programs without per center vines in each replicate were evaluated for VMB damage the delayed dormant application. These treatments had significantly using the same scoring system as the trunk and cordon evaluation. higher mean percent unmarketable fruit clusters compared with the Fruit clusters with a score of 2 or 3 were considered unmarket- Sequoia 2C followed by Movento 2SC and two applications of the able. Trunk and cordon evaluation score data were analyzed using low rate of Venerate XC, Movento alone, and untreated check. All Kruskal–Wallis test with means separation using Wilcoxon rank sum experimental control programs had significantly lower mean VMB test with the Bonferroni correction at P ≤ 0.05. The fruit infestation feeding sites when compared with the untreated check. This research was supported by industry gifts of pesticides and funding. © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. 1 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com 2 Arthropod Management T ests, 2021, Vol. 46, No. 1 Table 1. Mean VMB trunk and cordon scores from a vineyard near Manteca, CA, 2020 a b Treatment Appl. timing Rate form/ac Mean VMB score 4 May 21 May 16 June 29 June 14 July 5 August Season 1 Lorsban Adv. 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 64.0 fl. oz 0.5 a 1.0 a 1.1 a 0.3 a 1.6 a 1.4 a 0.9 a Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 2 Sivanto HL 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 7.0 fl. oz 0.5 a 2.1 a 1.6 a 2.9 b 2.5 a 3.0 a 2.1 b Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 3 Sequoia 2SC 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.75 fl. oz 1.2 ab 2.4 a 2.1 a 3.0 b 2.9 a 2.5 a 2.4 b Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 4 Assail 30SG 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.3 fl. oz 2.2 abc 2.5 a 2.1 a 1.8 b 2.9 a 2.4 a 2.3 b Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Sequoia 2SC 8 July—Verasion 5.75 oz Sequoia 2SC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.75 oz 5 Sequoia 2SC 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.75 fl. oz 1.5 abc 2.0 a 2.0 a 2.9 b 3.0 a 2.8 a 2.3 b Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 8 July—Verasion 64.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 64.0 fl. oz 6 Sequoia 2SC 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.75 fl. oz 3.0 c 1.6 a 2.2 a 2.4 b 2.2 a 2.6 a 2.3 b Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 8 July—Verasion 128.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 128.0 fl. oz 7 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 2.8 bc 2.9 a 2.9 a 3.0 b 3.0 a 3.0 a 2.9 c Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 8 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 1.8 abc 2.1 a 2.1 a 2.1 b 2.5 a 2.5 a 2.2 b Sivanto HL 8 July—Verasion 7.0 fl. oz Sivanto HL 6 Aug.—Preharvest 7.0 fl. oz 9 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 1.2 ab 2.4 a 2.1 a 2.9 b 2.5a 2.5 a 2.3 b Sequoia 2SC 8 July—Verasion 5.75 fl. oz Sequoia 2SC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.75 fl. oz 10 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 2.5 bc 1.5 a 1.9 a 2.1 b 2.9 a 2.8 a 2.3 b Venerate XC 8 July—Verasion 128.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 128.0 fl. oz 11 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 2.8 bc 2.8 a 2.9 a 2.6 b 3.0 a 3.0 a 2.8 c 12 Untreated check — 2.5 bc 2.8 a 2.9 a 3.0 b 3.0 a 2.9 a 2.8 c χ 20.4 16.5 17.9 25.0 12.9 14.9 23.7 P 0.04 0.12 0.08 <0.01 0.30 0.19 0.01 Treatments will include 0.25% v/v (16 fl. oz/100 gal) of Dyne-Amic. Means followed by the same letter within a column were not significantly different using Kruskal–Wallis test with means separation using Wilcoxon rank sum test with the Bonferroni correction at P ≤ 0.05. Arthropod Management T ests, 2021, Vol. 46, No. 1 3 Table 2. Mean number of VMB feeding sites per vine and mean percent unmarketable fruit clusters in a vineyard near Manteca, CA, 2020 a b Treatment Appl. timing Rate form/ac Mean number VMB feeding sites Mean percent unmarketable clusters 29 June 14 July 5 August Season 1 Lorsban Adv. 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 64.0 fl. oz 0.2 a 3.3 a 7.0 a 4.4 a 22.8 a Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 2 Sivanto HL 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 7.0 fl. oz 14.9 a 18.6 ab 21.8 abc 21.8 abc 28.3 a Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 3 Sequoia 2SC 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.75 fl. oz 25.0 a 28.9 ab 23.9 abc 30.3 bc 35.9 a Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 4 Assail 30SG 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.3 fl. oz 24.5 a 39.7 bc 18.9 ab 32.6 bc 31.5 a Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Sequoia 2SC 8 July—Verasion 5.75 oz Sequoia 2SC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.75 oz 5 Sequoia 2SC 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.75 fl. oz 18.1 a 38.3 bc 23.1 abc 31.6 bc 64.1 b Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 8 July—Verasion 64.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 64.0 fl. oz 6 Sequoia 2SC 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.75 fl. oz 21.5 a 38.1 bc 31.8 bc 36.3 c 48.9 ab Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 8 July—Verasion 128.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 128.0 fl. oz 7 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 20.1 a 31.3 ab 30.8 bc 32.6 bc 33.7 a Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 8 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 8.6 a 17.9 ab 9.4 a 14.3 ab 43.5 ab Sivanto HL 8 July—Verasion 7.0 fl. Oz Sivanto HL 6 Aug.—Preharvest 7.0 fl. oz 9 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 14.8 a 25.8 ab 17.9 ab 23.1 abc 35.9 a Sequoia 2SC 8 July—Verasion 5.75 fl. Oz Sequoia 2SC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.75 fl. oz 10 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postnloom 8.0 fl. oz 15.0 a 17.1 ab 17.3 ab 19.3 abc 34.8 a Venerate XC 8 July—Verasion 128.0 fl. Oz Venerate XC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 128.0 fl. oz 11 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 15.1 a 33.4 bc 39.3 cd 35.3 c 69.6 b 12 Untreated Check — 32.9 a 62.5 c 54.2 d 59.6 d 70.6 b F 1.6 2.1 2.4 2.73 2.0 P 0.13 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.05 Treatments will include 0.25% v/v (16 fl. oz/100 gal) of Dyne-Amic. Means followed by the same letter were not significantly different within a column using ANOVA with means separation using Fisher’s projected LSD test at P ≤ 0.05. 4 Arthropod Management T ests, 2021, Vol. 46, No. 1 Part II. Materials Tested for Arthropod Management Brand name Formulation Common name Composition Manufacturer Assail 30SG Acetamiprid Acetamiprid, (E)-N1-[(6-chloro-3- United Phosphorous Inc., 1457 Eastland pyridyl)methyl]-N2-cyano-N1-methyl Avenue, Kingstree, SC 29556 acetamidine Dyne-Amic Proprietary blend of modified vegetable Helena Chemical Company, 6075 oil and organosilicone methyl esters of Poplar Avenue, Ste. 500, Memphis, C16–C18 fatty acids, polyalyleneoxide- TN 38119 modified polydimethylsiloxane, alkylphenol ethozylate Lorsban 3.76EW chlorpyrifos O,O-Diethyl 0-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) Corteva Agriscience, P.O. Box 80705, Advanced phosphorothioate CRP 705/L1S11, Willington, DE 19880-0705 Movento 2SC spirotetramat cis-3-(2,5 dimethylphenyl)-8-methoxy-2- Bayer CropScience, 2 T.W. Alexander oxo-1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-yl ethyl Drive, P.O. Box 12014, Research carbonate Triangle Park, NC 27709 Sequoia 2SC Sulfoxaflor N-[methyloxido[1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)- Corteva Agriscience, P.O. Box 80705, 3-pyridinyl]ethyl]-λ4-sulfanylidene] CRP 705/L1S11, Willington, DE cyanamide 19880-0705 Sivanto HL Flupyradifurone 4-[[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl) Bayer CropScience, 2 T.W. Alexander methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl) Drive, P.O. Box 12014, Research amino]-2(5H)-furanone Triangle Park, NC 27709 Venerate XC Burkholderia Burkholderia spp. strain A396 Marrone BioInnovations, 1540 Drew Avenue, Davis, CA 95618 http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Arthropod Management Tests Oxford University Press

Control of Vine Mealybug in Wine Grapes, 2020

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Oxford University Press
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America.
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2155-9856
DOI
10.1093/amt/tsab030
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Abstract

applyparastyle "fig//caption/p[1]" parastyle "FigCapt" applyparastyle "fig" parastyle "Figure" Arthropod Management T ests, 46(1), 2021, 1–4 doi: 10.1093/amt/tsab030 Section C: Small Fruits GRAPE: Vitis vinifera L. ‘Chardonnay’ HeadA=HeadB=HeadA=HeadB/HeadA HeadB=HeadC=HeadB=HeadC/HeadB HeadC=HeadD=HeadC=HeadD/HeadC Extract3=HeadA=Extract1=HeadA 1, Robert A. Van Steenwyk, Skylar W. Sherbrooke, and Stephen R. Peters-Collaer History=Text=History=Text_First Department of Environmental Science, Policy, & Management, University of California, 130 Mulford Hall – 3114, Berkeley, CA EDI_HeadA=EDI_HeadB=EDI_HeadA=EDI_HeadB/HeadA 94720-3114, USA and Corresponding author, e-mail: bobvanst@berkeley.edu EDI_HeadB=EDI_HeadC=EDI_HeadB=EDI_HeadC/HeadB Section Editor: John Wise EDI_HeadC=EDI_HeadD=EDI_HeadC=EDI_HeadD/HeadC Grape | Vitis vinifera EDI_Extract3=EDI_HeadA=EDI_Extract1=EDI_HeadA ERR_HeadA=ERR_HeadB=ERR_HeadA=ERR_HeadB/HeadA Vine mealybug | Planococcus ficus ERR_HeadB=ERR_HeadC=ERR_HeadB=ERR_HeadC/HeadB This study evaluated the efficacy of Sequoia, Sivanto, and Assail, as data were analyzed with an ANOVA with means separation using ERR_HeadC=ERR_HeadD=ERR_HeadC=ERR_HeadD/HeadC replacements of Lorsban Advanced for the delayed dormant applica- Fisher’s Protected LSD test at P ≤ 0.05. ERR_Extract3=ERR_HeadA=ERR_Extract1=ERR_HeadA tion for VMB control. The study was conducted in a ‘Chardonnay’ The delayed dormant application of Lorsban Advanced had vineyard near Manteca, CA. Eleven experimental treatment programs significantly lower season mean VMB score on trunk and cordon and an untreated check were replicated four times in an RCB design. compared with the delayed dormant application of Sivanto HL, Each replicate was five vines long. The two outside vines in each rep- Sequoia 2SC, or Assail 30SG (Table 1). The delayed dormant ap- licate were considered treated buffer and not sampled. The orchard plication of Sivanto HL, Sequoia 2SC, or Assail 30SG did not sig- was planted on 5 ft. vine by 9 ft. row spacing. Foliar treatments were nificantly reduce the season mean VMB score on trunk and cordon applied with a hand-held sprayer operating with a finished spray compared with similar experimental control programs without the volume of 150 gal/ac. VMB infestation was evaluated in a 1-min delayed dormant applications. All experimental control programs search of the trunk. On 4 May, this search was conducted on one had significantly lower season mean VMB scores compared to the central vine per replicate. Afterwards, the evaluation was conducted untreated check, Movento 2SC alone or Movento 2SC followed by on two central vines and the average value was used for analysis. two applications of Assail 30SG. All experimental control programs All evaluations conducted on and after 29 June included both the had significantly lower mean VMB feeding sites when compared with trunk and cordon during the 1-min search. Damage assessment was the untreated check (Table 2). There was no significant difference in categorized as follows: 0  =  no VMB or honeydew, 1  =  honeydew mean percent unmarketable fruit clusters among the delayed dormant but not visible VMB, 2 = honeydew and visible VMB, and 3 = hon- application of Lorsban Advanced, Sivanto HL, Sequoia 2SC, or Assail eydew and greater than 10 VMB. On and after 29 June, the number 30SG control programs. Also, there was no significant difference in of VMB feeding sites was counted on both the trunk and cordon. mean percent unmarketable fruit clusters among the delayed dor- One feeding site was defined as a ca. 2 cm in diameter moist spot. mant application of Lorsban Advanced, Sivanto HL, Sequoia 2SC, or Prior to commercial harvest on 20 and 21 August, 25 fruit clusters Assail 30SG control programs and similar control programs without per center vines in each replicate were evaluated for VMB damage the delayed dormant application. These treatments had significantly using the same scoring system as the trunk and cordon evaluation. higher mean percent unmarketable fruit clusters compared with the Fruit clusters with a score of 2 or 3 were considered unmarket- Sequoia 2C followed by Movento 2SC and two applications of the able. Trunk and cordon evaluation score data were analyzed using low rate of Venerate XC, Movento alone, and untreated check. All Kruskal–Wallis test with means separation using Wilcoxon rank sum experimental control programs had significantly lower mean VMB test with the Bonferroni correction at P ≤ 0.05. The fruit infestation feeding sites when compared with the untreated check. This research was supported by industry gifts of pesticides and funding. © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. 1 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com 2 Arthropod Management T ests, 2021, Vol. 46, No. 1 Table 1. Mean VMB trunk and cordon scores from a vineyard near Manteca, CA, 2020 a b Treatment Appl. timing Rate form/ac Mean VMB score 4 May 21 May 16 June 29 June 14 July 5 August Season 1 Lorsban Adv. 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 64.0 fl. oz 0.5 a 1.0 a 1.1 a 0.3 a 1.6 a 1.4 a 0.9 a Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 2 Sivanto HL 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 7.0 fl. oz 0.5 a 2.1 a 1.6 a 2.9 b 2.5 a 3.0 a 2.1 b Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 3 Sequoia 2SC 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.75 fl. oz 1.2 ab 2.4 a 2.1 a 3.0 b 2.9 a 2.5 a 2.4 b Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 4 Assail 30SG 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.3 fl. oz 2.2 abc 2.5 a 2.1 a 1.8 b 2.9 a 2.4 a 2.3 b Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Sequoia 2SC 8 July—Verasion 5.75 oz Sequoia 2SC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.75 oz 5 Sequoia 2SC 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.75 fl. oz 1.5 abc 2.0 a 2.0 a 2.9 b 3.0 a 2.8 a 2.3 b Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 8 July—Verasion 64.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 64.0 fl. oz 6 Sequoia 2SC 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.75 fl. oz 3.0 c 1.6 a 2.2 a 2.4 b 2.2 a 2.6 a 2.3 b Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 8 July—Verasion 128.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 128.0 fl. oz 7 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 2.8 bc 2.9 a 2.9 a 3.0 b 3.0 a 3.0 a 2.9 c Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 8 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 1.8 abc 2.1 a 2.1 a 2.1 b 2.5 a 2.5 a 2.2 b Sivanto HL 8 July—Verasion 7.0 fl. oz Sivanto HL 6 Aug.—Preharvest 7.0 fl. oz 9 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 1.2 ab 2.4 a 2.1 a 2.9 b 2.5a 2.5 a 2.3 b Sequoia 2SC 8 July—Verasion 5.75 fl. oz Sequoia 2SC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.75 fl. oz 10 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 2.5 bc 1.5 a 1.9 a 2.1 b 2.9 a 2.8 a 2.3 b Venerate XC 8 July—Verasion 128.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 128.0 fl. oz 11 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 2.8 bc 2.8 a 2.9 a 2.6 b 3.0 a 3.0 a 2.8 c 12 Untreated check — 2.5 bc 2.8 a 2.9 a 3.0 b 3.0 a 2.9 a 2.8 c χ 20.4 16.5 17.9 25.0 12.9 14.9 23.7 P 0.04 0.12 0.08 <0.01 0.30 0.19 0.01 Treatments will include 0.25% v/v (16 fl. oz/100 gal) of Dyne-Amic. Means followed by the same letter within a column were not significantly different using Kruskal–Wallis test with means separation using Wilcoxon rank sum test with the Bonferroni correction at P ≤ 0.05. Arthropod Management T ests, 2021, Vol. 46, No. 1 3 Table 2. Mean number of VMB feeding sites per vine and mean percent unmarketable fruit clusters in a vineyard near Manteca, CA, 2020 a b Treatment Appl. timing Rate form/ac Mean number VMB feeding sites Mean percent unmarketable clusters 29 June 14 July 5 August Season 1 Lorsban Adv. 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 64.0 fl. oz 0.2 a 3.3 a 7.0 a 4.4 a 22.8 a Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 2 Sivanto HL 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 7.0 fl. oz 14.9 a 18.6 ab 21.8 abc 21.8 abc 28.3 a Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 3 Sequoia 2SC 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.75 fl. oz 25.0 a 28.9 ab 23.9 abc 30.3 bc 35.9 a Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 4 Assail 30SG 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.3 fl. oz 24.5 a 39.7 bc 18.9 ab 32.6 bc 31.5 a Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Sequoia 2SC 8 July—Verasion 5.75 oz Sequoia 2SC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.75 oz 5 Sequoia 2SC 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.75 fl. oz 18.1 a 38.3 bc 23.1 abc 31.6 bc 64.1 b Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 8 July—Verasion 64.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 64.0 fl. oz 6 Sequoia 2SC 27 Feb.—Delayed dormant 5.75 fl. oz 21.5 a 38.1 bc 31.8 bc 36.3 c 48.9 ab Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 8 July—Verasion 128.0 fl. oz Venerate XC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 128.0 fl. oz 7 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 20.1 a 31.3 ab 30.8 bc 32.6 bc 33.7 a Assail 30SG 8 July—Verasion 5.3 oz Assail 30SG 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.3 oz 8 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 8.6 a 17.9 ab 9.4 a 14.3 ab 43.5 ab Sivanto HL 8 July—Verasion 7.0 fl. Oz Sivanto HL 6 Aug.—Preharvest 7.0 fl. oz 9 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 14.8 a 25.8 ab 17.9 ab 23.1 abc 35.9 a Sequoia 2SC 8 July—Verasion 5.75 fl. Oz Sequoia 2SC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 5.75 fl. oz 10 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postnloom 8.0 fl. oz 15.0 a 17.1 ab 17.3 ab 19.3 abc 34.8 a Venerate XC 8 July—Verasion 128.0 fl. Oz Venerate XC 6 Aug.—Preharvest 128.0 fl. oz 11 Movento 2SC 28 May—Postbloom 8.0 fl. oz 15.1 a 33.4 bc 39.3 cd 35.3 c 69.6 b 12 Untreated Check — 32.9 a 62.5 c 54.2 d 59.6 d 70.6 b F 1.6 2.1 2.4 2.73 2.0 P 0.13 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.05 Treatments will include 0.25% v/v (16 fl. oz/100 gal) of Dyne-Amic. Means followed by the same letter were not significantly different within a column using ANOVA with means separation using Fisher’s projected LSD test at P ≤ 0.05. 4 Arthropod Management T ests, 2021, Vol. 46, No. 1 Part II. Materials Tested for Arthropod Management Brand name Formulation Common name Composition Manufacturer Assail 30SG Acetamiprid Acetamiprid, (E)-N1-[(6-chloro-3- United Phosphorous Inc., 1457 Eastland pyridyl)methyl]-N2-cyano-N1-methyl Avenue, Kingstree, SC 29556 acetamidine Dyne-Amic Proprietary blend of modified vegetable Helena Chemical Company, 6075 oil and organosilicone methyl esters of Poplar Avenue, Ste. 500, Memphis, C16–C18 fatty acids, polyalyleneoxide- TN 38119 modified polydimethylsiloxane, alkylphenol ethozylate Lorsban 3.76EW chlorpyrifos O,O-Diethyl 0-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) Corteva Agriscience, P.O. Box 80705, Advanced phosphorothioate CRP 705/L1S11, Willington, DE 19880-0705 Movento 2SC spirotetramat cis-3-(2,5 dimethylphenyl)-8-methoxy-2- Bayer CropScience, 2 T.W. Alexander oxo-1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-yl ethyl Drive, P.O. Box 12014, Research carbonate Triangle Park, NC 27709 Sequoia 2SC Sulfoxaflor N-[methyloxido[1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)- Corteva Agriscience, P.O. Box 80705, 3-pyridinyl]ethyl]-λ4-sulfanylidene] CRP 705/L1S11, Willington, DE cyanamide 19880-0705 Sivanto HL Flupyradifurone 4-[[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl) Bayer CropScience, 2 T.W. Alexander methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl) Drive, P.O. Box 12014, Research amino]-2(5H)-furanone Triangle Park, NC 27709 Venerate XC Burkholderia Burkholderia spp. strain A396 Marrone BioInnovations, 1540 Drew Avenue, Davis, CA 95618

Journal

Arthropod Management Tests – Oxford University Press

Published: Mar 17, 2021

Keywords: Grape | Vitis vinifera; Vine mealybug | Planococcus ficus; acetamiprid; chlorpyrifos; spirotetramat; sulfoxaflor; flupyradifurone; Burkholderia spp

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