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Control of Codling Moth in Walnuts, 2014*

Control of Codling Moth in Walnuts, 2014* Arthropod Management Tests, 2015, 1–2 doi: 10.1093/amt/tsv050 (D23) WALNUT: Juglans regia (L.), “Payne” R. A. Van Steenwyk, C. R. Wise, A. M. Hernandez, R. Poliakon, and A. L. Taylor Department of E.S.P.M., 130 Mulford Hall – 3114, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3114, Phone: (510) 643-5159, Fax: (510) 643-5438 (bobvanst@berkeley.edu; caroline.r.wise@gmail.com; amh95@berkeley.edu; polia- kon@berkeley.edu; audreytaylor68@berkeley.edu) and Corresponding author, e-mail: bobvanst@berkeley.edu Subject Editor: Elizabeth Grafton-Cardwell Walnut | Juglans spp. codling moth | Cydia pomonella navel orangeworm | Amyelois transitella Chlorantraniliprole; 3-bromo-N-[4-chloro-2-methyl-6-[(methylamino)carbonyl]phenyl]-1-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-1H- pyrazole-5-carboxamide; acetamiprid; (1E)-N-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-N -cyano-N-methylethanimidamide; bifenthrin, avermectin B1; (2-methyl[1,1 -biphenyl]-3-yl)methyl 3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-; trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethyl- cyclopropanecarboxylate; flubendiamide; N2-[1,1-dimethyl-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]-3-iodo-N1-[2-methyl-4-[1,2,2,2- tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-1,2-benzenedicarboxamide; imidacloprid; (2-methyl[1,1 -biphenyl]-3- yl)methyl (1R,3R)-rel-3-[(1Z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate and (2E)- 1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-N-nitro-2-imidazolidinimine; spinetoram; (2R,3aR,5aR,5bS,9S,13S,14R,16aS,16bR)-2- [(6-deoxy-3-O-ethyl-2,4-di-O-methyl-a-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-13-[[(2R,5S,6R)-5-(dimethylamino)tetrahydro-6- methyl-2H-pyran-2-yl]oxy]-9-ethyl-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,9,10,11,12,13,14,16a,16b-hexadecahydro-14-methyl-1H-as-inda- ceno[3,2-d]oxacyclododecin-7,15-dione; (2S,3aR,5aS,5bS,9S,13S,14R,16aS,16bS)-2-[(6-deoxy-3-O-ethyl-2,4-di-O- methyl-a-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-13-[[(2R,5S,6R)-5-(dimethylamino)tetrahydro-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-yl]oxy]-9-ethyl- 2,3,3a,5a,5b,6,9,10,11,12,13,14,16a,16b-tetradecahydro-4,14-dimethyl-1H-as-indaceno[3,2-d]oxacyclododecin-7,15- dione; modified vegetable oil; organosilicone methyl esters of C16 - C18 fatty acids; polyalyleneoxide modified poly- dimethylsiloxane; alkylphenol ethozylate; zeta-cypermethrin; (S)-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroe- thenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate; avermectin B1; cyfluthrin; 1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-N-nitro-2- imidazolinime and Cyano(4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecar- 00 00 00 boxylate, emamectin benzoate; Epi-methylamino-4 -deoxy-avermectin B; hydrochloride; 4 -epi-methylamino 4 - deoxyavermectin B benzoate; lambda-cyhalothrin; chlorantraniliprole; (R)-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl (1S,3S)- rel-3-[(1Z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate; 3-Bromo-N-[4-chloro-2- methyl-6-[(methylamino)carbonyl]phenyl]-1-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl) 1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of reduced risk insec- monitored weekly from 12 March to 5 August by placing two phero- ticides for CM control. The study was conducted in an untreated mone traps high in the tree canopy. Biofix was set on 19 March for “Payne” walnut orchard near Tracy, CA. Nine treatments were repli- the first CM generation and 29 May for the second CM generation. cated four times in an RCB design. Each replicate was a single tree. CM-infested dropped nuts were monitored weekly from 13 May to The orchard was planted with 6.1 m by 12.2 m spacing. Materials 18 June. CM and NOW infestation were determined based on 125 were applied with a hand-held orchard sprayer operating at nuts per replication (500 nuts per treatment) at commercial harvest 1,723.7 kPa with a finished spray volume of 2,338.5 liters/ha. on 15 September. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, and means Applications were based on degree-days (DD). DD were calculated were separated using Fisher’s protected LSD (P ¼ 0.05). using a single sine horizontal cutoff model with a lower threshold of The mean number of cumulative CM-infested dropped nuts was 10 C and an upper threshold of 31.1 C. Maximum and minimum significantly lower in all experimental treatments compared with air temperatures were obtained from the Tracy A (CIMIS No. 167) Belt followed by Leverage and the untreated check (Table 1). All ex- weather station in San Joaquin County, CA. The CM population was perimental treatments had significantly lower mean percent CM, * This research was supported by United Phosphorous Inc., Dupont E.I. de Nemours, Dow AgroScience LLC, Bayer CropScience, FMC Corp., and Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. V C The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of America. 1 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com 2 Arthropod Management Tests, 2015, Vol. 40, No. 1 Table 1 Treatment/ Rate form/ha Appl. date Appl. DD Mean cumulative Mean percentage infested nuts formulation CM-infested CM NOW Total dropped nuts Assail 30SG 560.2 g 16 April, 13 May 285 DD, 658 DD 7.5b 2.0bcd 0.0d 2.0c Altacor 35WDG 280.1 g 9 June, 2 July 252 DD, 743 DD Assail 30SG 560.2 g 16 April, 13 May 285 DD, 658 DD 6.8b 3.4bc 1.4bcd 4.8bc Delegate 25WG 448.2 g 10 June, 3 July 277 DD, 767 DD Belt 4SC 292.3 ml 16 April, 12 May 285 DD, 638 DD 21.5a 3.8b 3.0b 6.8b Leverage 360 204.6 ml 10 June, 3 July 277 DD, 767 DD Delegate 25WG 448.2 g 16 April, 13 May 285 DD, 658 DD 4.8b 1.4cd 1.4bcd 2.8c Athena 1,461.4 ml 10 June, 3 July 277 DD, 767 DD Delegate 25WG 448.2 g 16 April, 13 May 285 DD, 658 DD 3.5b 2.6bcd 0.4d 3.0c Gladiator 1,388.4 ml 10 June, 3 July 277 DD, 767 DD Delegate 25WG 448.2 g 16 April, 13 May 285 DD, 658 DD 1.5b 1.0d 0.8cd 1.8c Brigadier 935.3 ml 10 June, 3 July 277 DD, 767 DD Delegate 25WG 448.2 g 16 April 285 DD 3.8b 1.8bcd 0.4d 2.2c Proclaim 5SG 328.8 g 13 May 658 DD Voliam Xpress 730.7 ml 10 June 277 DD Delegate 25WG 448.2 g 16 April, 13 May 285 DD, 658 DD 3.0b 1.6cd 1.4bcd 3.0c Altacor 35WDG 280.1 g 9 June, 2 July 252 DD, 743 DD Untreated check — — — 24.0a 7.4a 6.0a 13.4a Means followed by the same letter within a column are not significantly different (Fisher’s protected LSD, P> 0.05). Dyne-Amic was applied at 0.0625% v/v. NOW, and total infestation at harvest compared with the untreated applications were not timed for control of NOW, NOW often in- check. Delegate followed by Brigadier had the lowest mean percent- fests nuts previously infested by CM and combination of both CM age CM infestation and Belt followed by Leverage had the highest and NOW infestation reflects the best overall efficacy of the insecti- mean percentage CM infestation. Assail followed by Altacor had the cides. Delegate followed by Brigadier had the lowest mean percent lowest mean percentage NOW infestation and Belt followed by total infestation and Belt followed by Leverage had the highest mean Leverage had the highest percent NOW infestation. Although percentage total infestation. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Arthropod Management Tests Oxford University Press

Control of Codling Moth in Walnuts, 2014*

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Publisher
Oxford University Press
Copyright
The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of America.
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2155-9856
DOI
10.1093/amt/tsv050
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Abstract

Arthropod Management Tests, 2015, 1–2 doi: 10.1093/amt/tsv050 (D23) WALNUT: Juglans regia (L.), “Payne” R. A. Van Steenwyk, C. R. Wise, A. M. Hernandez, R. Poliakon, and A. L. Taylor Department of E.S.P.M., 130 Mulford Hall – 3114, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3114, Phone: (510) 643-5159, Fax: (510) 643-5438 (bobvanst@berkeley.edu; caroline.r.wise@gmail.com; amh95@berkeley.edu; polia- kon@berkeley.edu; audreytaylor68@berkeley.edu) and Corresponding author, e-mail: bobvanst@berkeley.edu Subject Editor: Elizabeth Grafton-Cardwell Walnut | Juglans spp. codling moth | Cydia pomonella navel orangeworm | Amyelois transitella Chlorantraniliprole; 3-bromo-N-[4-chloro-2-methyl-6-[(methylamino)carbonyl]phenyl]-1-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-1H- pyrazole-5-carboxamide; acetamiprid; (1E)-N-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-N -cyano-N-methylethanimidamide; bifenthrin, avermectin B1; (2-methyl[1,1 -biphenyl]-3-yl)methyl 3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-; trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethyl- cyclopropanecarboxylate; flubendiamide; N2-[1,1-dimethyl-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]-3-iodo-N1-[2-methyl-4-[1,2,2,2- tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]phenyl]-1,2-benzenedicarboxamide; imidacloprid; (2-methyl[1,1 -biphenyl]-3- yl)methyl (1R,3R)-rel-3-[(1Z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate and (2E)- 1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-N-nitro-2-imidazolidinimine; spinetoram; (2R,3aR,5aR,5bS,9S,13S,14R,16aS,16bR)-2- [(6-deoxy-3-O-ethyl-2,4-di-O-methyl-a-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-13-[[(2R,5S,6R)-5-(dimethylamino)tetrahydro-6- methyl-2H-pyran-2-yl]oxy]-9-ethyl-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,9,10,11,12,13,14,16a,16b-hexadecahydro-14-methyl-1H-as-inda- ceno[3,2-d]oxacyclododecin-7,15-dione; (2S,3aR,5aS,5bS,9S,13S,14R,16aS,16bS)-2-[(6-deoxy-3-O-ethyl-2,4-di-O- methyl-a-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-13-[[(2R,5S,6R)-5-(dimethylamino)tetrahydro-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-yl]oxy]-9-ethyl- 2,3,3a,5a,5b,6,9,10,11,12,13,14,16a,16b-tetradecahydro-4,14-dimethyl-1H-as-indaceno[3,2-d]oxacyclododecin-7,15- dione; modified vegetable oil; organosilicone methyl esters of C16 - C18 fatty acids; polyalyleneoxide modified poly- dimethylsiloxane; alkylphenol ethozylate; zeta-cypermethrin; (S)-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroe- thenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate; avermectin B1; cyfluthrin; 1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-N-nitro-2- imidazolinime and Cyano(4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecar- 00 00 00 boxylate, emamectin benzoate; Epi-methylamino-4 -deoxy-avermectin B; hydrochloride; 4 -epi-methylamino 4 - deoxyavermectin B benzoate; lambda-cyhalothrin; chlorantraniliprole; (R)-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl (1S,3S)- rel-3-[(1Z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propen-1-yl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate; 3-Bromo-N-[4-chloro-2- methyl-6-[(methylamino)carbonyl]phenyl]-1-(3-chloro-2-pyridinyl) 1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of reduced risk insec- monitored weekly from 12 March to 5 August by placing two phero- ticides for CM control. The study was conducted in an untreated mone traps high in the tree canopy. Biofix was set on 19 March for “Payne” walnut orchard near Tracy, CA. Nine treatments were repli- the first CM generation and 29 May for the second CM generation. cated four times in an RCB design. Each replicate was a single tree. CM-infested dropped nuts were monitored weekly from 13 May to The orchard was planted with 6.1 m by 12.2 m spacing. Materials 18 June. CM and NOW infestation were determined based on 125 were applied with a hand-held orchard sprayer operating at nuts per replication (500 nuts per treatment) at commercial harvest 1,723.7 kPa with a finished spray volume of 2,338.5 liters/ha. on 15 September. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, and means Applications were based on degree-days (DD). DD were calculated were separated using Fisher’s protected LSD (P ¼ 0.05). using a single sine horizontal cutoff model with a lower threshold of The mean number of cumulative CM-infested dropped nuts was 10 C and an upper threshold of 31.1 C. Maximum and minimum significantly lower in all experimental treatments compared with air temperatures were obtained from the Tracy A (CIMIS No. 167) Belt followed by Leverage and the untreated check (Table 1). All ex- weather station in San Joaquin County, CA. The CM population was perimental treatments had significantly lower mean percent CM, * This research was supported by United Phosphorous Inc., Dupont E.I. de Nemours, Dow AgroScience LLC, Bayer CropScience, FMC Corp., and Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. V C The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of America. 1 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com 2 Arthropod Management Tests, 2015, Vol. 40, No. 1 Table 1 Treatment/ Rate form/ha Appl. date Appl. DD Mean cumulative Mean percentage infested nuts formulation CM-infested CM NOW Total dropped nuts Assail 30SG 560.2 g 16 April, 13 May 285 DD, 658 DD 7.5b 2.0bcd 0.0d 2.0c Altacor 35WDG 280.1 g 9 June, 2 July 252 DD, 743 DD Assail 30SG 560.2 g 16 April, 13 May 285 DD, 658 DD 6.8b 3.4bc 1.4bcd 4.8bc Delegate 25WG 448.2 g 10 June, 3 July 277 DD, 767 DD Belt 4SC 292.3 ml 16 April, 12 May 285 DD, 638 DD 21.5a 3.8b 3.0b 6.8b Leverage 360 204.6 ml 10 June, 3 July 277 DD, 767 DD Delegate 25WG 448.2 g 16 April, 13 May 285 DD, 658 DD 4.8b 1.4cd 1.4bcd 2.8c Athena 1,461.4 ml 10 June, 3 July 277 DD, 767 DD Delegate 25WG 448.2 g 16 April, 13 May 285 DD, 658 DD 3.5b 2.6bcd 0.4d 3.0c Gladiator 1,388.4 ml 10 June, 3 July 277 DD, 767 DD Delegate 25WG 448.2 g 16 April, 13 May 285 DD, 658 DD 1.5b 1.0d 0.8cd 1.8c Brigadier 935.3 ml 10 June, 3 July 277 DD, 767 DD Delegate 25WG 448.2 g 16 April 285 DD 3.8b 1.8bcd 0.4d 2.2c Proclaim 5SG 328.8 g 13 May 658 DD Voliam Xpress 730.7 ml 10 June 277 DD Delegate 25WG 448.2 g 16 April, 13 May 285 DD, 658 DD 3.0b 1.6cd 1.4bcd 3.0c Altacor 35WDG 280.1 g 9 June, 2 July 252 DD, 743 DD Untreated check — — — 24.0a 7.4a 6.0a 13.4a Means followed by the same letter within a column are not significantly different (Fisher’s protected LSD, P> 0.05). Dyne-Amic was applied at 0.0625% v/v. NOW, and total infestation at harvest compared with the untreated applications were not timed for control of NOW, NOW often in- check. Delegate followed by Brigadier had the lowest mean percent- fests nuts previously infested by CM and combination of both CM age CM infestation and Belt followed by Leverage had the highest and NOW infestation reflects the best overall efficacy of the insecti- mean percentage CM infestation. Assail followed by Altacor had the cides. Delegate followed by Brigadier had the lowest mean percent lowest mean percentage NOW infestation and Belt followed by total infestation and Belt followed by Leverage had the highest mean Leverage had the highest percent NOW infestation. Although percentage total infestation.

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Arthropod Management Tests – Oxford University Press

Published: Dec 31, 2015

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