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Case report of recurrent haemoptysis in an older patient with repaired tetralogy of Fallot

Case report of recurrent haemoptysis in an older patient with repaired tetralogy of Fallot BackgroundTetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart defect. Although most infants nowadays undergo surgical repair approximately at the age of 6 months with excellent outcomes, older patients typically underwent a staged approach with an initial systemic-to-pulmonary Blalock–Taussig–Thomas (BTT) shunt reducing hypoxaemia, followed by surgical TOF repair at an older age (with takedown of the BTT shunt). Late complications related to the BTT shunt are rare.Case summaryWe report a case of recurrent haemoptysis late after classic BTT shunt and subsequent surgical TOF repair. Axial imaging indicated a stellate nodule with isotope accumulation in the right upper lung lobe, whereas bronchoscopy showed a rope-like structure in the bronchus to the right upper lung lobe. The patient underwent a lobectomy of the superior right lobe, with identification of what appeared to be the old suture around the BTT shunt. Anatomopathology confirmed diffuse necrotizing inflammation with erosion into the bronchus which eventually caused haemoptysis.DiscussionManagement of older patients with congenital heart disease requires a thorough knowledge of the anatomy and surgical history of the patient. Although late complications related to a BTT shunt are rare, a residual shunt, endocarditis, pseudoaneurysm, or chronic inflammation with haemoptysis may occur. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png European Heart Journal - Case Reports Oxford University Press

Case report of recurrent haemoptysis in an older patient with repaired tetralogy of Fallot

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References (21)

Publisher
Oxford University Press
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.
eISSN
2514-2119
DOI
10.1093/ehjcr/ytab155
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

BackgroundTetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart defect. Although most infants nowadays undergo surgical repair approximately at the age of 6 months with excellent outcomes, older patients typically underwent a staged approach with an initial systemic-to-pulmonary Blalock–Taussig–Thomas (BTT) shunt reducing hypoxaemia, followed by surgical TOF repair at an older age (with takedown of the BTT shunt). Late complications related to the BTT shunt are rare.Case summaryWe report a case of recurrent haemoptysis late after classic BTT shunt and subsequent surgical TOF repair. Axial imaging indicated a stellate nodule with isotope accumulation in the right upper lung lobe, whereas bronchoscopy showed a rope-like structure in the bronchus to the right upper lung lobe. The patient underwent a lobectomy of the superior right lobe, with identification of what appeared to be the old suture around the BTT shunt. Anatomopathology confirmed diffuse necrotizing inflammation with erosion into the bronchus which eventually caused haemoptysis.DiscussionManagement of older patients with congenital heart disease requires a thorough knowledge of the anatomy and surgical history of the patient. Although late complications related to a BTT shunt are rare, a residual shunt, endocarditis, pseudoaneurysm, or chronic inflammation with haemoptysis may occur.

Journal

European Heart Journal - Case ReportsOxford University Press

Published: May 17, 2021

Keywords: Congenital heart disease; Tetralogy of Fallot; Blalock–Taussig shunt; Blalock–Taussig–Thomas shunt; Haemoptysis; Case report

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