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Broccoli, Control of Lepidopterous Pests, 1993

Broccoli, Control of Lepidopterous Pests, 1993 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/amt/article-abstract/19/1/64/4639244 by DeepDyve user on 02 August 2020 64 Arthropod Management Tests, Vol. 19 E: VEGETABLE CROPS BROCCOLI: Brassica oleracea L. 'Emporer' Gary H. Sewell (12E) Imported Cabbageworm (ICW); Artogeia rapae (L.) Assistant Scientist Diamondback moth (DBM); Plutella xylostella (L.) Aroostook Farm Presque Isle, ME 04769 Richard H. Storch Prof. Entomology University of Maine Orono, ME 04469 BROCCOLI, CONTROL OF LEPIDOPTEROUS PESTS, 1993: The experiment was a randomized complete block with four replicates planted 26 May at Presque Isle, ME. The 3.0 m space between blocks and the 1.8 m space between the four-row plots were bare soil. Each 15.0 m replicate consisted of four double row beds with plant spacing of seven inches. Fertilization and cultivation practices were normal for the area. Foliar insecticide applications were made with a Century boom sprayer, three nozzles per row at 6.3 kg/cm pressure and 0.94 kl/ha. Numbers of insects were counted weekly on 20 whole plants in the middle beds of each plot. All materials were applied 26 Jul. Yield was taken 17 and 24 Aug by selecting heads at least 3 inches diameter from a 5 m section of the middle two beds of each replicate. Heads were trimmed to an 8 inch length, weighed and examined for insects. Analysis of variance was done and means compared using Fisher's LSD Test. The soil was classified as Caribou Loam, pH 5.2. Total monthly rainfall for Jun, Jul, and Aug was respectively 14.0, 5.0, and 7.6 cm. The average temperature for each of the same 3 months was 16.0, 18.5 and 19.0 deg. C. ICW and DBM numbers were low with DBM larvae comprising 91 % of the population in untreated plots. All treatments significantly reduced numbers of larvae in plant counts. ICW comprised 95% of the population of the larvae found in head counts and the two highest rates of Larvin having significantly lower numbers of insects. No phytotoxicity was observed. Mean no larvae Mean no. larvae per treatment per treatment (Head counts) Rate [g Treatment (AI)/ha] 20 Jul 27 Jul 3 Aug 10 Aug 17 Aug 24 Aug Larvin (80DF) 673 4.3a 1.0a 1.0a 1.0a 1.0b 10.8b Larvin (80DF) 897 3.5a 1.3a 0.5a 0.8a 0.0a 4.8a Untreated control 4.5a 2.8a 17.5b 11.3b 4.5c 13.8b Ambush (2EC) 56 6.5a 1.8a 1.0a 2.3ab 3.7c 25.5b Larvin (80DF) 1121 2.5a 2.0a 1.5a 0.3a 0.3ab 3.3a Any two means sharing a common letter within a column at a given date are not significantly different by Fisher's LSD Test (P = .05). CABBAGE: Brassica oleracea L. 'Super Elite' D. W. Battels, P. C. Bolin, and W. D. Hutchison (13E) Cabbage looper (CL); Trichoplusia ni (Hiibner) Department of Entomology Imported cabbageworm (ICW); Artogeia rapae (L.) University of Minnesota Diamondback moth (DBM); Plutella xylostella (L.) 219 Hodson Hall 1980 Folwell Ave. St. Paul, MN 55108 INSECTICIDAL AND MICROBIAL CONTROL OF LEPIDOPTERAN LARVAE IN MINNESOTA CABBAGE, 1993: This study was conducted on the University of Minnesota Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station in cabbage seeded 9 May and transplanted 14 Jun. Plots consisted of two 25 ft (7.62 m) rows on 40 inch (1.02 m) centers. Plant spacing was set for 13 inches (0.33 m). Ten ft (3.05 m) borders and 7 ft (2.13 m) alleys separated the plots. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. By 26 Jul, 50% of the plants were infested with DBM larvae. On 29 Jul, pheromone traps exceeded 8 CL moths/night and eggs and small larvae for both CL and ICW were present. Treatments were applied 29 Jul, 6, 13, and 20 Aug using a moderate-clearance Spirit sprayer with 5 TX-10 hollowcone nozzles delivering 27 gpa (252.5 liters/ha) at 45 psi (3.16 kg/cm ) and 3 mph (4.8 km/hr). Bond sticker/extender was added to all treatments at a rate of 0.10 fl oz/gal (0.79 ml/liter). Larval counts were taken 11 Aug and 2 Sep. Plots were harvested and evaluated for feeding damage on 10 Sep using Green's rating scale (J. Econ. Entomol. 1969 62:4 798-800): 1 = no feeding damage; 2 = minor feeding damage on the wrapper leaves (0-1 % eaten); 3 = moderate feeding damage on the wrapper leaves (2-5% eaten) with no head damage; 4 = moderate feeding damage on the wrapper leaves (6-10% eaten) and minor feeding scars on the head; 5 = moderate to heavy feeding on the wrapper leaves (11-30% eaten) and moderate feeding scars on the head; 6 = greater than 30% of the wrapper leaves eaten and numerous feeding scars on the head. Cabbage looper was the dominant pest with populations peaking in mid Aug. The rate of Pounce 3.2E was increased mid-season to achieve better control of CL larvae. For the 11 Aug sample date, all treatments except Sevin XLR Plus performed significantly better against large CL than the untreated check. The Bacillus thuringiensis products Javelin, MVP, and Xentari provided control comparable with Pounce against DBM. The marketability ratings taken at harvest were superior for all treatments, with the exception of Sevin XLR Plus, compared to the untreated check. No phytotoxicity was observed. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Arthropod Management Tests Oxford University Press

Broccoli, Control of Lepidopterous Pests, 1993

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Publisher
Oxford University Press
Copyright
© 1994, Entomological Society of America
eISSN
2155-9856
DOI
10.1093/amt/19.1.64
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Abstract

Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/amt/article-abstract/19/1/64/4639244 by DeepDyve user on 02 August 2020 64 Arthropod Management Tests, Vol. 19 E: VEGETABLE CROPS BROCCOLI: Brassica oleracea L. 'Emporer' Gary H. Sewell (12E) Imported Cabbageworm (ICW); Artogeia rapae (L.) Assistant Scientist Diamondback moth (DBM); Plutella xylostella (L.) Aroostook Farm Presque Isle, ME 04769 Richard H. Storch Prof. Entomology University of Maine Orono, ME 04469 BROCCOLI, CONTROL OF LEPIDOPTEROUS PESTS, 1993: The experiment was a randomized complete block with four replicates planted 26 May at Presque Isle, ME. The 3.0 m space between blocks and the 1.8 m space between the four-row plots were bare soil. Each 15.0 m replicate consisted of four double row beds with plant spacing of seven inches. Fertilization and cultivation practices were normal for the area. Foliar insecticide applications were made with a Century boom sprayer, three nozzles per row at 6.3 kg/cm pressure and 0.94 kl/ha. Numbers of insects were counted weekly on 20 whole plants in the middle beds of each plot. All materials were applied 26 Jul. Yield was taken 17 and 24 Aug by selecting heads at least 3 inches diameter from a 5 m section of the middle two beds of each replicate. Heads were trimmed to an 8 inch length, weighed and examined for insects. Analysis of variance was done and means compared using Fisher's LSD Test. The soil was classified as Caribou Loam, pH 5.2. Total monthly rainfall for Jun, Jul, and Aug was respectively 14.0, 5.0, and 7.6 cm. The average temperature for each of the same 3 months was 16.0, 18.5 and 19.0 deg. C. ICW and DBM numbers were low with DBM larvae comprising 91 % of the population in untreated plots. All treatments significantly reduced numbers of larvae in plant counts. ICW comprised 95% of the population of the larvae found in head counts and the two highest rates of Larvin having significantly lower numbers of insects. No phytotoxicity was observed. Mean no larvae Mean no. larvae per treatment per treatment (Head counts) Rate [g Treatment (AI)/ha] 20 Jul 27 Jul 3 Aug 10 Aug 17 Aug 24 Aug Larvin (80DF) 673 4.3a 1.0a 1.0a 1.0a 1.0b 10.8b Larvin (80DF) 897 3.5a 1.3a 0.5a 0.8a 0.0a 4.8a Untreated control 4.5a 2.8a 17.5b 11.3b 4.5c 13.8b Ambush (2EC) 56 6.5a 1.8a 1.0a 2.3ab 3.7c 25.5b Larvin (80DF) 1121 2.5a 2.0a 1.5a 0.3a 0.3ab 3.3a Any two means sharing a common letter within a column at a given date are not significantly different by Fisher's LSD Test (P = .05). CABBAGE: Brassica oleracea L. 'Super Elite' D. W. Battels, P. C. Bolin, and W. D. Hutchison (13E) Cabbage looper (CL); Trichoplusia ni (Hiibner) Department of Entomology Imported cabbageworm (ICW); Artogeia rapae (L.) University of Minnesota Diamondback moth (DBM); Plutella xylostella (L.) 219 Hodson Hall 1980 Folwell Ave. St. Paul, MN 55108 INSECTICIDAL AND MICROBIAL CONTROL OF LEPIDOPTERAN LARVAE IN MINNESOTA CABBAGE, 1993: This study was conducted on the University of Minnesota Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station in cabbage seeded 9 May and transplanted 14 Jun. Plots consisted of two 25 ft (7.62 m) rows on 40 inch (1.02 m) centers. Plant spacing was set for 13 inches (0.33 m). Ten ft (3.05 m) borders and 7 ft (2.13 m) alleys separated the plots. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. By 26 Jul, 50% of the plants were infested with DBM larvae. On 29 Jul, pheromone traps exceeded 8 CL moths/night and eggs and small larvae for both CL and ICW were present. Treatments were applied 29 Jul, 6, 13, and 20 Aug using a moderate-clearance Spirit sprayer with 5 TX-10 hollowcone nozzles delivering 27 gpa (252.5 liters/ha) at 45 psi (3.16 kg/cm ) and 3 mph (4.8 km/hr). Bond sticker/extender was added to all treatments at a rate of 0.10 fl oz/gal (0.79 ml/liter). Larval counts were taken 11 Aug and 2 Sep. Plots were harvested and evaluated for feeding damage on 10 Sep using Green's rating scale (J. Econ. Entomol. 1969 62:4 798-800): 1 = no feeding damage; 2 = minor feeding damage on the wrapper leaves (0-1 % eaten); 3 = moderate feeding damage on the wrapper leaves (2-5% eaten) with no head damage; 4 = moderate feeding damage on the wrapper leaves (6-10% eaten) and minor feeding scars on the head; 5 = moderate to heavy feeding on the wrapper leaves (11-30% eaten) and moderate feeding scars on the head; 6 = greater than 30% of the wrapper leaves eaten and numerous feeding scars on the head. Cabbage looper was the dominant pest with populations peaking in mid Aug. The rate of Pounce 3.2E was increased mid-season to achieve better control of CL larvae. For the 11 Aug sample date, all treatments except Sevin XLR Plus performed significantly better against large CL than the untreated check. The Bacillus thuringiensis products Javelin, MVP, and Xentari provided control comparable with Pounce against DBM. The marketability ratings taken at harvest were superior for all treatments, with the exception of Sevin XLR Plus, compared to the untreated check. No phytotoxicity was observed.

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Arthropod Management Tests – Oxford University Press

Published: Jan 1, 1994

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