BEET ARMYWORM CONTROL ON BELL PEPPER, FALL 2005
Schuster, David J.
2007-01-01 00:00:00
(E31) BELL PEPPER: Capsicum annuum L. ‘Brigadier’ David J. Schuster Gulf Coast Res. & Educ. Ctr. 14625 CR 672 Wimauma, FL 33598 Phone: 813-633-4124 Fax: 813-634-0001 Email: dschust@ufl.edu Beet armyworm: Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) Transplants were set 15 Sep, 12 inches apart on 8-inch-high and 32-inch-wide beds of Myakka fine sand covered with white polyethylene mulch. Each plot consisted of a single row of 14 plants with rows spaced 5 ft apart. Treatments were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. Because one treatment (Radiant) was added to the protocol of the experiment after planting, the two middle plants of one plot of each replicate were removed. Thus two, six plant plots were created. One plot of each of the treatments in the original protocol was selected for splitting so that each treatment had three plots with 14 plants and one plot with 6 plants. All replicates of Radiant had six plants. Treatments were applied with a 2.5 gal, hand-held CO -powered sprayer at 60 gpa on 7 and 28 Nov. The sprayer was outfitted with a single nozzle with a D-5 disk and #45 core and was operated at 60 psi. Three, 7, 10 and 14 d after the first application (DAT1) and 3, 7, 10, 14, 17 and 21 days after the second application (DAT2), 10 leaves were selected from the upper third of the canopy of each plot. The leaves were placed in Petri dishes with water-moistened filter papers. Five, second instars of the beet armyworm were placed on each leaf and the Petri dishes were arranged on a bench in a room kept at ca. 78 F and 12:12 L:D photoperiod. The larvae were obtained as eggs from Dow AgroSciences and held on artificial diet until they reached the second larval stadium. After 3 days (3 and 10 DAT1) or 4 days (all other evaluations), the number of living, moribund and dead larvae were counted. A larva was considered moribund when it could move after being gently pushed on its side with a fine camel hair brush but could not right itself. The numbers of moribund and dead larvae were combined for analysis. The percentage mortality of larvae on leaves sprayed with Avaunt was greater than 90% at 3 and 10 DAT1, but dipped below that level at 7 DAT1(Table 1). This was possibly due to the 1 day shorter exposure period at 7 DAT1. Intrepid induced > 90% mortality even 14 DAT1, regardless of the number of days of exposure. Both Proclaim and Radiant induced mortality of ca. 90% or higher 3 DAT1; however, mortality dropped to about 70% by 10 DAT1. Unlike following the first application, mortality of larvae on leaves treated the second time with Avaunt, Proclaim or Radiant never reached 90%, even within 3 DAT2. Only Intrepid induced such a high level of mortality and the affect persisted for at least 10 DAT2. Percent mortality induced by Intrepid was still at ca. 80% 21 DAT2. No foliar symptoms of phytotoxicity were observed in the treatments. Table 1 Survival and mortality of 50 larvae/10 pepper leaves* 3 DAT1 7 DAT1 10 DAT1 14 DAT1 Treatment/ Rate Formulation (Amount/acre) Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Avaunt 30WG 3.5 oz 0.8 49.3 98.5 16.3 33.8 67.5 3.3 46.8 93.5 30.0 20.0 40.0 Intrepid 2SC 8.0 oz 0.0 50.0 100.0 0.3 49.8 99.5 0.0 50.0 100.0 1.8 48.5 96.5 Proclaim 5SG 3.2 oz 5.3 44.8 89.5 30.8 19.3 38.5 14.8 34.5 70.3 47.8 2.3 4.5 Radiant 120SC 5.0 oz 0.0 50.0 100.0 14.0 36.0 72.0 12.5 37.5 75.0 47.0 3.0 6.0 Check --- 45.3 3.0 6.1 49.5 0.5 1.0 45.8 4.3 8.5 50.0 0.0 0.0 LSD P = 0.05 --- 2.2 5.8 11.7 5.6 5.6 11.3 8.9 8.5 2.2 4.5 4.4 9.1 *Data for 3 and 10 DAT were collected 4 d after larvae were placed on leaves, while data for 7 and 14 DAT were collected 3 d after larvae were placed on leaves. Table 2 Survival and mortality of 50 larvae/10 pepper leaves* 3DAT2 7 DAT2 10 DAT2 14 DAT2 17 DAT2 21 DAT2 Treatment/ Rate Formulation (Amount/acre) Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Avaunt 30WG 3.5 OZ 18.3 31.3 63.3 26.3 23.5 47.3 32.0 18.0 36.0 38.0 12.0 24.0 36.5 11.8 25.0 27.3 18.8 41.5 Intrepid 2SC 8.0 OZ 0.0 50.0 100.0 2.0 48.0 96.0 0.3 49.8 99.5 12.8 37.3 74.5 10.3 39.8 79.5 9.0 38.5 80.8 Proclaim 5SG 3.2 OZ 35.0 15.0 30.0 33.8 16.3 32.5 34.3 15.8 31.5 40.8 8.5 17.3 46.3 3.8 7.5 39.8 9.3 18.9 Radiant 120SC 5.0 OZ 27.0 22.3 45.2 25.3 24.8 49.5 26.5 23.5 47.0 42.0 8.0 16.0 37.3 12.8 25.5 43.5 4.8 9.9 Check --- 49.5 0.5 1.0 45.3 4.8 9.5 45.0 4.5 9.0 47.0 3.0 6.0 48.5 1.8 3.4 44.5 2.8 5.8 LSD P = 0.05 --- 2.2 6.9 14.3 11.1 11.0 22.1 7.5 7.7 15.3 8.8 8.9 17.7 9.2 8.1 16.4 10.6 8.8 19.3 *All data were collected 4 d after larvae were put on leaves.
http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.pngArthropod Management TestsOxford University Presshttp://www.deepdyve.com/lp/oxford-university-press/beet-armyworm-control-on-bell-pepper-fall-2005-ZSvrCCLLv4
(E31) BELL PEPPER: Capsicum annuum L. ‘Brigadier’ David J. Schuster Gulf Coast Res. & Educ. Ctr. 14625 CR 672 Wimauma, FL 33598 Phone: 813-633-4124 Fax: 813-634-0001 Email: dschust@ufl.edu Beet armyworm: Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) Transplants were set 15 Sep, 12 inches apart on 8-inch-high and 32-inch-wide beds of Myakka fine sand covered with white polyethylene mulch. Each plot consisted of a single row of 14 plants with rows spaced 5 ft apart. Treatments were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. Because one treatment (Radiant) was added to the protocol of the experiment after planting, the two middle plants of one plot of each replicate were removed. Thus two, six plant plots were created. One plot of each of the treatments in the original protocol was selected for splitting so that each treatment had three plots with 14 plants and one plot with 6 plants. All replicates of Radiant had six plants. Treatments were applied with a 2.5 gal, hand-held CO -powered sprayer at 60 gpa on 7 and 28 Nov. The sprayer was outfitted with a single nozzle with a D-5 disk and #45 core and was operated at 60 psi. Three, 7, 10 and 14 d after the first application (DAT1) and 3, 7, 10, 14, 17 and 21 days after the second application (DAT2), 10 leaves were selected from the upper third of the canopy of each plot. The leaves were placed in Petri dishes with water-moistened filter papers. Five, second instars of the beet armyworm were placed on each leaf and the Petri dishes were arranged on a bench in a room kept at ca. 78 F and 12:12 L:D photoperiod. The larvae were obtained as eggs from Dow AgroSciences and held on artificial diet until they reached the second larval stadium. After 3 days (3 and 10 DAT1) or 4 days (all other evaluations), the number of living, moribund and dead larvae were counted. A larva was considered moribund when it could move after being gently pushed on its side with a fine camel hair brush but could not right itself. The numbers of moribund and dead larvae were combined for analysis. The percentage mortality of larvae on leaves sprayed with Avaunt was greater than 90% at 3 and 10 DAT1, but dipped below that level at 7 DAT1(Table 1). This was possibly due to the 1 day shorter exposure period at 7 DAT1. Intrepid induced > 90% mortality even 14 DAT1, regardless of the number of days of exposure. Both Proclaim and Radiant induced mortality of ca. 90% or higher 3 DAT1; however, mortality dropped to about 70% by 10 DAT1. Unlike following the first application, mortality of larvae on leaves treated the second time with Avaunt, Proclaim or Radiant never reached 90%, even within 3 DAT2. Only Intrepid induced such a high level of mortality and the affect persisted for at least 10 DAT2. Percent mortality induced by Intrepid was still at ca. 80% 21 DAT2. No foliar symptoms of phytotoxicity were observed in the treatments. Table 1 Survival and mortality of 50 larvae/10 pepper leaves* 3 DAT1 7 DAT1 10 DAT1 14 DAT1 Treatment/ Rate Formulation (Amount/acre) Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Avaunt 30WG 3.5 oz 0.8 49.3 98.5 16.3 33.8 67.5 3.3 46.8 93.5 30.0 20.0 40.0 Intrepid 2SC 8.0 oz 0.0 50.0 100.0 0.3 49.8 99.5 0.0 50.0 100.0 1.8 48.5 96.5 Proclaim 5SG 3.2 oz 5.3 44.8 89.5 30.8 19.3 38.5 14.8 34.5 70.3 47.8 2.3 4.5 Radiant 120SC 5.0 oz 0.0 50.0 100.0 14.0 36.0 72.0 12.5 37.5 75.0 47.0 3.0 6.0 Check --- 45.3 3.0 6.1 49.5 0.5 1.0 45.8 4.3 8.5 50.0 0.0 0.0 LSD P = 0.05 --- 2.2 5.8 11.7 5.6 5.6 11.3 8.9 8.5 2.2 4.5 4.4 9.1 *Data for 3 and 10 DAT were collected 4 d after larvae were placed on leaves, while data for 7 and 14 DAT were collected 3 d after larvae were placed on leaves. Table 2 Survival and mortality of 50 larvae/10 pepper leaves* 3DAT2 7 DAT2 10 DAT2 14 DAT2 17 DAT2 21 DAT2 Treatment/ Rate Formulation (Amount/acre) Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Live Dead % dead Avaunt 30WG 3.5 OZ 18.3 31.3 63.3 26.3 23.5 47.3 32.0 18.0 36.0 38.0 12.0 24.0 36.5 11.8 25.0 27.3 18.8 41.5 Intrepid 2SC 8.0 OZ 0.0 50.0 100.0 2.0 48.0 96.0 0.3 49.8 99.5 12.8 37.3 74.5 10.3 39.8 79.5 9.0 38.5 80.8 Proclaim 5SG 3.2 OZ 35.0 15.0 30.0 33.8 16.3 32.5 34.3 15.8 31.5 40.8 8.5 17.3 46.3 3.8 7.5 39.8 9.3 18.9 Radiant 120SC 5.0 OZ 27.0 22.3 45.2 25.3 24.8 49.5 26.5 23.5 47.0 42.0 8.0 16.0 37.3 12.8 25.5 43.5 4.8 9.9 Check --- 49.5 0.5 1.0 45.3 4.8 9.5 45.0 4.5 9.0 47.0 3.0 6.0 48.5 1.8 3.4 44.5 2.8 5.8 LSD P = 0.05 --- 2.2 6.9 14.3 11.1 11.0 22.1 7.5 7.7 15.3 8.8 8.9 17.7 9.2 8.1 16.4 10.6 8.8 19.3 *All data were collected 4 d after larvae were put on leaves.
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Arthropod Management Tests
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