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- Publisher
- Hindawi Publishing Corporation
- Copyright
- Copyright © 2021 Qi Zhang. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
- ISSN
- 1687-5680
- eISSN
- 1687-5699
- DOI
- 10.1155/2021/5998153
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
Hindawi Advances in Multimedia Volume 2021, Article ID 5998153, 7 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5998153 Research Article Research on the Architecture of Cold Chain Logistics Multimedia MonitoringandTrackingServicePlatformBasedonFuzzySorting and Heuristic Algorithm Qi Zhang School of Business Administration, Zibo Vocational Institute, Zibo 255314, Shandong, China Correspondence should be addressed to Qi Zhang; 201812270204035@zcmu.edu.cn Received 27 July 2021; Accepted 20 August 2021; Published 14 September 2021 Academic Editor: Zhendong Mu Copyright © 2021 Qi Zhang. *is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. With the continuous development of social economy, the logistics system has been continuously improved. In addition to traditional domestic postal transportation and car consignment, emerging logistics methods such as SF Express and Yunda have also emerged. Aiming at the features such as fragility of fruits and vegetables and high storage requirements, in this paper, a cold chain logistics multimedia monitoring and tracking service platform is built in an attempt to monitor the preservation envi- ronment and safety status of agricultural products relying on fuzzy sorting and heuristic algorithms, trace agricultural products with labels, and design the direction of the key data. *e practice results show that the system is effective. temperature environment to ensure the preservation and 1. Introduction quality of the product, while avoiding contamination and With the continuous development of social economy, the reducing product loss. However, how to ensure the logistics system has also been continuously improved. In coconstruction and sharing of cold chain transportation in addition to the traditional domestic postal transportation and the entire process requires higher data quality and also has automobile consignment, emerging logistics methods such as obvious requirements for interconnection and sharing. *erefore, the multimedia monitoring and tracking of cold SF Express and Yunda have also appeared [1]. *e logistics has been transformed from automobile consignment to the chain logistics to ensure the safety and health of the people is the top priority [5–9]. operation of goods by professional companies. Meanwhile, the content of transshipment has also expanded from ordi- In the context of multimedia, a cold chain monitoring nary commodities to seafood cold chain, fruits, and vegetables and tracking system is built for agricultural products in an [2]. However, it should be noted that due to the vast territory attempt to monitor the preservation environment and safety of China, long-distance transportation will cause time delays, status of agricultural products, and labels are used to trace which will cause great losses in the transportation of agri- agricultural products, aiming to use new technologies to cultural products, which is also a great waste of resources [3]. ensure the safety of agricultural products based on the fuzzy *e safety and quality of agricultural products will also di- sorting and heuristic algorithms in this paper. rectly endanger human health. *erefore, the supervision of agricultural products is strengthened, the quality of agricul- 2. Fuzzy Ranking and Heuristic Algorithm tural products is controlled, and the traceability of each link of agricultural products is fully realized [4]. In monitoring, there are usually two methods such as *erefore, cold chain logistics has gradually emerged, wireless sensor network and RFID. Both methods have their that is, after fruits and vegetables are harvested from the advantages and disadvantages. Wireless sensor networks place of production, the product in each stage is kept in a low have the advantages of low cost, small volume, and frequent 2 Advances in Multimedia topology changes. RFID can be used to realize rapid iden- For the degree of fuzzy membership, the quantitative tification of products, especially in harsh environments, and results are clarified, which can effectively realize the realize prompt and handiness, but the relative cost is high quantitative analysis of the fuzziness of the evaluation and the effective distance is short. *erefore, environmental object and obtain a more accurate characterization monitoring of products can be effectively identified and value. applied at the same time [9]. First, an expert system based on fuzzy sorting is established according to the Delphi method, assuming that the set of agricultural products is X � x , x , . . . , x 1 2 g 2.1. Sorting Model. For heuristic algorithms, the objective and the set of review experts is S � s , s , . . . , s . For any 1 2 k function is to save money, as obtained from the calculation sample sorting set x ∈ X, U � u , u , . . . , u is used to 1 2 n based on formula (1). Formula (2) is used for a quantitative indicate the ordered index and V � v , v , . . . , v is used 1 2 p calculation of the quantitative relationship of balance, for- to indicate the sorted comments. *e fuzzy relationship of mula (3) is a quantitative analysis of the relationship between U × V is represented by R, the arbitrary sorting object x supply and demand, and formula (4) represents the rela- can be represented by R(u , v ) � r , ordinary matrix i j ij tionship between freight warehousing and customer R (t � 1, 2, . . . , k) is transformed into a fuzzy matrix demand. R � (r ) , and quantitative analysis is carried out ij n×p according to formula (5). min f(x) � A + B X + F Z hij hjk hijk j j According to the analysis results of all experts, the hijk j product opinions are analyzed and processed and the final (1) evaluation matrix is determined, and the specific result is ⎛ ⎝ ⎞ ⎠ + S X + D T , hj hijk hk hk obtained as shown in the following formula: hj ik hk k (t) α r t�1 t ij (5) r � , i � 1, 2, . . . , n; j � 1, 2, . . . , p. X � Q , ij hijk hk (2) α ij t�1 t In the formula, r is the evaluation value given by the t- ij X ≤ Y , hijk hi th expert s on the sorting index u for v is the degree of (3) t i j (t) p jk membership r ∈ {0, 1}. For R � (r ) , let r � 1. α ij n×p ij t ij j�1 is the weight of the t-th expert, α ∈ [0, 1]. Obviously, r ∈ [0, 1]. ij ⎛ ⎝ ⎞ ⎠ I X ≤ W . (4) j hijk j hjk 2.4. Determining the Weight of the Indicator System. *e index system is determined by using the knowledge of 2.2. Hierarchical Division of Evaluation Indicators and De- experts to carry out the Delphi scoring method, to termination of Evaluation Values. For agricultural product determine the lowest evaluation index, and to obtain a tracking, social, economic, and crossdepartmental factors higher level of score [9–12], and finally, the main steps are inevitably involved. *erefore, these influencing factors for determining the weight of the index according to the relevant analytic hierarchy process include the are comprehensively considered to establish a related evaluation index system and divide the evaluation into three following: categories according to user needs, mainly including overall (1) According to each group of judgment indicators in evaluation, evaluation indexes, and evaluation factors, where the indicator system, the evaluation factor judgment the evaluation layer B (i � 1, 2, . . . , m) is used to represent matrix B � (b ) and the evaluation factor ij m×m subevaluation factors, including product distribution, eco- judgment matrix C � (c ) of the indicators are ij n×n nomic benefits, environmental protection, and other factors, established through the corresponding scaling cri- and the evaluation layer C (i � 1, 2, . . . , m; j � 1, 2, . . . , n) ij teria. Among them, B means that A, B , and B are ij i j is the product-related impact of the j-th evaluation index of numerical expressions of relative importance, and C ij the i-th evaluation factor. means that B , C . and C are numerical expressions i ii ij of relative importance. 2.3. Determination of the Evaluation Value of Each Evaluation (2) According to the matrix, the maximum eigenvalues Index. Quantitative evaluation of various indicators is of B and C are obtained, λ and λ , and their b max c max carried out, and the membership function is introduced to corresponding eigenvectors W � [W , W , Bi b b 1 2 carry out an analysis for membership indicators. . . . , W ] and W � [W , W , . . . , W ]; then, the b c c c c m ij 1 2 n vectors W and W are the relative weights of the B C i ij corresponding evaluation factor layer and evaluation Definition 1. Assuming that the mapping of set U in the index layer. range of [0, 1] is U : U ⟶ [0, 1], U ⟶ U (u), a fuzzy set A A (3) Make judgments on matrix consistency and error A is determined, where U is the membership function of A and the degree of membership can be expressed by U (u). analysis. C.I. � (λ − n/n − 1) is set as a max A Advances in Multimedia 3 storage during the transportation process. It is necessary to consistency index. When B and C cannot be com- pletely consistent, the characteristics of the judgment monitor the real-time environment of refrigerated transport vehicles and also to pay attention to the management during matrix will change simultaneously. *e change of the characteristic root of the judgment matrix can be the transfer process to ensure that the quality and quantity of used to verify the value of the index, which indicates harvesting and distribution are guaranteed and, at the same that the consistency is farther, and vice versa. time, to ensure that agricultural products are traceable in every link [13–15]. (4) *e indicators are combined with the weights rel- ative to the overall target, and the analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the weights of the total 4. Design of Logistics Monitoring and Tracking sorting of the levels and then perform the setting System of Agricultural Products analysis. 4.1. Monitoring and Tracking during the Refrigerated Trans- portation of Agricultural Products. Agricultural products are 3. Analysis of Cold Chain Logistics of transported through the cold chain. *erefore, it is necessary to Agricultural Products ensure that the agricultural products are stored and transported at the most suitable temperature in the vehicle, while ensuring Fresh fruits and vegetables have higher requirements for the validity and timely update of label information. *e specific logistics, and the main factors are reflected in the following monitoring diagram is shown in Figure 1. points: According to the management results in Figure 1, RFID (1) Many of the agricultural products are transported by tags are placed on each agricultural product in an attempt in refrigerated cold chain frozen transportation. For this paper, and meanwhile, they are placed in the refrigerated each agricultural product, temperature indicators are truck at a certain density according to the characteristics of different. *erefore, there is strict temperature the agricultural product based on the intelligent node. *e control in the cold chain logistics process. When the smart node includes temperature, gas, and taste sensors, temperature reaches a certain threshold, an alarm is which can effectively monitor environmental parameters required. and return RFID tag information to the data center. *e data (2) Relevant RFID tags are pasted on each product to center performs simple processing based on the received facilitate the monitoring and tracking of agricultural information and communicates through 5G and other products and meanwhile facilitate the management communication technologies; the details are shown in Figure of agricultural products and storage information 2. When the data center processes the returned information about the products. and triggers related exceptions, it will alarm and remind the transportation personnel to take emergency measures (3) *e supply chain management of agricultural according to the warnings and return solutions and losses to products requires the timely accessibility of logistics, the data center. When the data center receives the signal, it that is, “Same-Day delivery” and “Next-Day deliv- can issue guiding opinions to the vehicle through the 5G ery” to ensure the freshness of the fruits and, at the communication technology, query according to each in- same time, to respond immediately to the needs of telligent node, and finally realize the synchronization of users. information between the data center and the cold storage (4) In the cold chain transportation process, the iden- management center. tification and location of agricultural products are In such a system, smart nodes are densely arranged in the monitored, and the products are traced to realize the vehicle and real-time monitoring of refrigerated vehicles is openness and transparency of product trans- carried out in various ways. Meanwhile, it is coordinated with portation. Meanwhile, it is open to the outside world real-time positioning navigation receivers (such as BeiDou through the Internet to ensure the safety of agri- and GPS) to realize real-time navigation of the location. cultural products. (5) It should be noted that, in the process of agricultural products passing through the cold chain, logistics 4.2. Monitoring and Management of Refrigerated Warehouse. costs are particularly worthy of attention. At present, *e network architecture of the refrigerated warehouse is this is also a solution that is difficult to satisfy users shown in Figure 3, which is mainly composed of RFID tags, and logistics companies. reader-writer, WSN nodes, and data management centers. *e entire cold chain process for perishable agricultural Among them, the reader-writer identifies and records the products mainly includes (1) precooling after picking, agricultural products through reading the RFID tags of the attaching relevant labels, and storing information; (2) re- goods and stores them in the agricultural product information frigerating to refrigerated trucks for transportation; (3) to facilitate the traceability and tracking of the agricultural wholesale station refrigerated warehouse to supermarket products. Meanwhile, a certain density of intelligent nodes is freezer; and (4) delivering to the user. It should be noted deployed to collect the temperature and humidity of the that, during the entire transportation process, on the one refrigerated warehouse, extract the smell of cold storage to hand, the refrigerated warehouse is used for static storage; judge the quality of agricultural products, and return relevant on the other hand, the cold storage is used for dynamic information to the data management center in real time, so 4 Advances in Multimedia RFID Gateway node Smart node Figure 1: Schematic diagram of refrigerated truck monitoring. Internet Data Center Cold storage local management center 5G Refirgerated truck Mobile PC Figure 2: System data flow diagram. (x,y) Base station Goods with RFID RFID reader Internet Figure 3: Refrigerated warehouse monitoring and management network architecture diagram. Advances in Multimedia 5 Temperature Sensor RF transceiver RF antenna Humidity Sensor Microcontroller Gas Sensor RF reader RF antenna RFID reader part Taste Sensor Power supply Figure 4: Structural drawing of the smart node. that managers can grasp the parameters, shelf life, and other products, the reader can read the key label information data information in a timely manner and take other emergency and reduce the cost. *e microcontroller monitors the data measures such as replenishment and replacement to improve and performs corresponding data processing. *e com- the management and operation level of cold chain trans- munication module realizes real-time return of mutual mission. *e specific data center delivery is shown in Figure 3 status, signals, and locations to the data center. For the arrangement of intelligent nodes, the method of sorting is adopted to realize the positioning of agricultural 5. Experimental Results and Analysis products. According to the relevant position and positioning information, the actual coordinates in the refrigerated Based on fuzzy sorting and heuristic algorithms, the analog warehouse are judged to realize the correlation. *e intel- simulation of cold chain logistics and distribution monitoring ligent nodes transmit their numbers together when trans- methods is carried out in this paper; the fuzzy sorting and mitting the information, and the refrigerated warehouse heuristic algorithms are used for real-time monitoring and information center determines the actual cargo location optimization, respectively. RFID technology-based cold chain based on the feedback information. logistics and distribution big data monitoring, the big data monitoring of cold chain logistics distribution based on RFID 4.3. Data Flow. *e specific framework structure diagram is technology, and the test of monitoring of cold chain logistics shown in Figure 2. *e cold chain logistics multimedia distribution based on large-dimensional data are also carried monitoring and tracking service platform system includes out. *e dynamic feature weights of three different methods refrigerated warehouse, multimedia data center, 5G com- are compared. *e test results are shown in Figure 5. munication network, users, and other components. As shown in Figure 5, QZ represents the dynamic feature Relevant data of refrigerated warehouse and vehicles are weights of fuzzy sorting and heuristic algorithms, LL repre- transmitted by the 5G network to ensure that the multimedia sents the real-time monitoring and optimization method of data center has real-time transmission of all data. *e data cold chain logistics and distribution big data, RF represents center monitors all agricultural and sideline products in the the cold chain logistics distribution based on the RFID whole chain according to the logistics company or the technology data monitoring method, DW represents the cold “vegetable basket” project publicized by the government, chain logistics distribution monitoring method based on monitors the status of agricultural products or specific data large-dimensional data, CS represents the number of ex- flow, and realizes the tracking and tracing of agricultural periments of three different methods, and PJ represents the products. Meanwhile, users can also query the logistics average dynamic feature weights of cold chain logistics dis- information of agricultural products through PC and mobile tribution big data obtained by using three different methods. terminals to ensure the safety of agricultural products. Of which, the dynamic feature weights of QZ, LL, and RF are (8, 9, 8, 8, 9, 9, 7, 7, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 5, 6, 4, 4), respectively. Comparing the average dynamic feature weight results, the 4.4. Smart Node Design. As shown in Figure 4, specific smart fuzzy ranking and heuristic algorithm are higher than the nodes mainly include sensors, readers, microcontrollers, and other two methods, and the obtained dynamic features have communication modules. Among them, in order to make a higher credibility. certain simplification to cooperate with agricultural 6 Advances in Multimedia 14 2 3 5 6 LL RF DW Figure 5: *e credibility of the dynamic characteristics of the three different methods. 3.5 6 2.5 1.5 0.5 (a) (b) 4.5 3.5 2.5 1.5 0.5 (c) Figure 6: Test results of three different methods. (a) Test results of method 1. (b) Test results of method 2. (c) Test results of method 3. *e service of multimedia monitoring and tracking of (2) For the two methods of LL and RF, the deviation from cold chain logistics is to determine the location of cold chain their actual positions is large, so the relative positioning logistics. By determining the three methods of QZ, LL, and is poor and the accuracy cannot meet the requirements RF, the calculated results and actual results are obtained. *e comparison result is shown in Figure 6: 6. Conclusions (1) For QZ, the obtained measurement position almost coincides with the actual position, completing the *is paper combines fuzzy sorting and heuristic algorithms real-time monitoring of big data of cold chain lo- to try to build a cold chain logistics multimedia monitoring gistics and delivery and tracking service platform to monitor the preservation Advances in Multimedia 7 [10] J.-W. Han, M. Zuo, W.-Y. Zhu, J.-H. Zuo, E.-L. Lu, ¨ and environment and safety status of agricultural products and X.-T. Yang, “A comprehensive review of cold chain logistics uses tags to trace agricultural products, design key data for fresh agricultural products: current status, challenges, and retention, and reduce labor costs. It improves work effi- future trends,” Trends in Food Science & Technology, vol. 109, ciency and accuracy, effectively achieves transparency and pp. 536–551, 2021. safety in every link, effectively solves the problem of quality [11] H. P. Lin, Y. Y. Shih, A. C. 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Journal
Advances in Multimedia – Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Published: Sep 14, 2021