Effects of Nursing Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Self-Perceived Burden, Drug Compliance, and Quality of Life of Renal Transplant Recipients

Shuqin Hu; Rui Xiong; Qingxiang Hu; Qingling Li

doi:10.1155/2022/3001780

Effects of Nursing Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Self-Perceived Burden, Drug Compliance, and Quality of Life of Renal Transplant Recipients

Hu, Shuqin;Xiong, Rui;Hu, Qingxiang;Li, Qingling 2022-05-05 00:00:00 Hindawi Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging Volume 2022, Article ID 3001780, 8 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3001780 Research Article Effects of Nursing Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Self-Perceived Burden, Drug Compliance, and Quality of Life of Renal Transplant Recipients 1 2 2 3 Shuqin Hu, Rui Xiong, Qingxiang Hu, and Qingling Li Organ Procurement Organizations, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China Department of Organ Transplantation, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China Outpatient Department, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China Correspondence should be addressed to Qingling Li; liqingling5158@fjmu.edu.cn Received 8 March 2022; Revised 2 April 2022; Accepted 12 April 2022; Published 5 May 2022 Academic Editor: Yuvaraja Teekaraman Copyright © 2022 Shuqin Hu et al. -is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Objective. To explore the eﬀects of nursing intervention based on health belief model (HBM) on self-perceived burden, drug compliance, and quality of life of renal transplant recipients. Methods. Sixty patients with renal transplantation treated in our hospital from February 2019 to July 2021 were enrolled. -e patients were randomly assigned to control group and study group. -eformerreceivedroutinenursingandthelatterreceivednursinginterventionbasedonHBM. Results.-enursingsatisfaction inthestudygroupwashighercomparedtothecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Secondly,wecomparedthescoresofself-burdens.Before nursing, they exhibited no signiﬁcant diﬀerence (P>0.05); after nursing, they decreased. Moreover, the physical burden, economicburden,andemotionalburdenofthestudygroupwerelowercomparedtothecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Intermsofdrug compliance, the rates of no missed medication, noncontinuous missed medication, timely medication, dose-by-dose medication, andnon-self-stoppingmedicationinthestudygroupwerehighercomparedtothecontrolgroup(P<0.05).-escoresofSASand SDS exhibited no signiﬁcant diﬀerence before nursing (P>0.05). After nursing, they decreased. Furthermore, the scores of SAS and SDS of the study group were lower compared to the control group (P<0.05). -e self-management ability exhibited no signiﬁcant diﬀerence before nursing (P>0.05); after nursing, it increased. Moreover, the self-management ability of the study group at discharge and 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after discharge was higher compared to the control group (P<0.05). Finally, we compared the scores of quality of life. Before nursing, there was no signiﬁcant diﬀerence (P>0.05). -e scores of physiologicalfunction,psychologicalfunction,socialfunction,andhealthself-cognitioninthestudygroupwerelowercompared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion. -e nursing intervention based on HBM can enhance the medication compliance of renal transplant recipients, and the intervention eﬀect is long-lasting. Meanwhile, it can eﬀectively enhance the negative emotion ofpatients,reducetheburdenofself-feeling,promotethequalityoflife,strengthentheself-managementofpatients,andfacilitate the prognosis. for the treatment of all kinds of ESRD, with the earliest 1. Introduction clinical development, the largest number of transplantation -e increased incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) cases, and the most mature parenchyma organ transplan- has signiﬁcantly increased patients’ demand for kidney tation [2]. According to the results of the World Health transplantation [1]. -e inevitable choices of ESRD are Organization (WHO), there were 90306 kidney transplants, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and renal transplantation. 32990 living donor kidney transplants (36.5%) and 57316 Regarding dialysis, transplant patients have longer survival cadaveric donor kidney transplants (63.5%), in 2017 [3]. time, higher quality of life, and lower economic burden. At According to the US Organ Acquisition and Transplant present, renal transplantation is the most eﬀective method Network,atotalof20119kidneytransplantswereperformed 2 Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging intervention. HBM is applied through the analysis of in- in the United States in 2017, including 5811 living donor kidney transplants (28.9%) and 14038 cadaveric donor dividual health beliefs; the use of pictorials, brochures, and WeChat education platform; and other ways to promote kidney transplants (71.1%). In 1960, the ﬁrst cadaveric kidney transplantation in Chinawas successfully carried out the relevant content of healthy behavior, give individuals by Academician Wu Jieping, a famous urologist [4]. At correct cognition to establish a good health belief, make present, kidney transplantation in China is mainly organ them take the initiative to complete healthy behavior, and donation after the death of citizens. According to the ﬁnally achieve the goal of preventing adverse consequences Chinese kidney transplantation scientiﬁc registration sys- [9].Basedonthis,thecurrentstudyfocusesontheeﬀectsof tem, a total of 10793 kidney transplants were completed in nursing intervention based on HBM on self-perceived burden, drug compliance, and quality of life of renal 2017, of which 1753 were living donor kidneys, accounting for 16.2% of the national kidney transplantation. -ere were transplant recipients. 9040 cadaveric donor kidney cases, accounting for 83.8% of the national kidney transplantation. From January to June 2. Patients and Methods 2018, 5873 kidney transplants have been carried out na- tionwide, including living donor kidney transplantation in 2.1. General Information. Sixty patients with renal trans- 784 cases (13.3%) and cadaveric donor kidney transplan- plantation treated in our hospital from February 2019 to tation in 5089 cases (86.7%). Since 1989, the short-term July 2021 were enrolled. -e patients were randomly survival rate of renal transplantation has been greatly en- assigned to control group and study group. -e former hanced, but the long-term survival rate has been slowly received routine nursing and the latter received nursing strengthened [5]. According to the 2017 US annual report, intervention based on HBM. In the control group, the age the survival rate of transplanted kidneys is more than 90% was 30–62 years old, with an average of 45.91±3.63 years, one year after transplant, while the survival rate of 10years including 18 males and 12 females, while in the study after transplant is about 50%, with the survival rate of ca- group, the age was 31–65 years old, with an average of daveric donors being 46.4% and that of living donors being 45.96±3.58years,including16malesand14females.-ere 61.4% [6]. was no statistical signiﬁcance in the general data of the two Health belief model (HBM) is a model that predicts the groups. -is study was permitted by the medical ethics inﬂuence of personal belief on behavior change [7]. -is associationofourhospital,andallpatientssignedinformed model holds that belief can inﬂuence behavior, highlights consent. the leading role of belief in behavior, and believes that -e inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) age >18 years individual decision-making behavior is greatly inﬂuenced old; (2) transplantation time ≥3 months; (3) graft function by subjective psychology [7, 8]. HBM includes under- without regular dialysis; (4) poor compliance with immu- standing of disease threat; self-eﬃcacy; and prompting, nosuppressive drugs; (5) postoperative calcium neuro- inﬂuencing, and restricting factors. -e cognition of dis- protein inhibitor being tacrolimus; (6) recipients having no ease threat refers to the individual’s subjective cognition of seriousinfectionandcomplicationsafteroperation;(7)clear disease and health, including the severity and susceptibility consciousness and ability to communicate in speech or of the disease, and the eﬀectiveness of prevention and writing; and (8) informed consent to participate in this obstacles in action. -e perception of disease susceptibility study. is the probability of the occurrence of the disease; the -e exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) recipients of perception of the severity of the disease is the individual’s combined multiple-organ transplantation; (2) recipients of understanding of the serious consequences of the disease; secondary or multiple renal transplants; (3) patients with the perception of the beneﬁts of healthy behavior is the severe organic diseases of heart, brain, lung, and other individual’s knowledge that it is good for their health to important organs; and (4) those who had participated in complete a certain behavior. -e cognition of behavioral other clinical trials. disorder is the individual’s cognition of the obstacles and -e shedding criteria are as follows: (1) after being in- problems that may need to be faced to complete a certain formedoftheinterviewtime,thepatientsdidnotparticipate behavior, including physical, psychological, time-related, in any interview; (2) after the ﬁrst interview, the patients economic, and other diﬃculties [8]. Self-eﬃcacy refers to were not present for three consecutive interviews. Patients the individual’s ability to complete a behavior and achieve withtheaboveconditionsweretreatedasshedding,andthey the expected results in a speciﬁed situation, and it is the were automatically withdrawn from the study. individual’s own judgment on his or her own related abilities. -e cue factors are the factors that promote the completion of a certain behavior, such as the promotion of 2.2. Treatment Methods. -e control group received routine manuals and books, and the illness of colleagues, relatives, nursinginterventioninthedepartment,thediseaseguidance or friends. -e inﬂuencing and restricting factors include manual was issued to the patients on the day of admission, uncontrollableexternalfactorssuchasage,sex,nationality, the admission was evaluated, health education was patiently character, and educational level. HBM is widely employed provided for the patients, and the matters needing attention in health education, such as explaining the transformation in disease-related self-management were explained to them. and maintenance of various healthy behaviors, or forming Individualized nursing guidance was given, and the way of an important theoretical framework to guide behavior education was mainly through health education. Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 3 registration process [10]. It is assigned to four dimensions: On the basis of the control group, the study group carried out nursing intervention based on HBM, and the very satisﬁed, satisﬁed, general, and dissatisﬁed. Satisfaction rate �“very satisﬁed” rate+“satisﬁed” rate+“general” rate. speciﬁc measures were as follows: (1) In the ﬁrst month of the intervention, provide the patients with the drug-taking manual for renal transplant recipients, focusing on the 2.3.2. Self-Perceived Burden Scale (SPBS). -e SPBS, which beneﬁts of transplantation, the necessity of taking immu- nosuppressive drugs, the consequences of taking immu- was developed by Pedroso-Chaparro et al. in 2003, was employedtomeasuretheSPBSscoreofpatientswithchronic nosuppressive drugs, the taking methods, and the matters needing attention regarding various immunosuppressive diseases[11].-eChinese versionof thescalewasemployed in this study, and Cronbach’s α coeﬃcient was 0.910. -ere drugs. Fill in the medication plan and schedule according to are three dimensions: physical burden, economic burden, thepersonalconditionsofthepatients.Askthepatienttoﬁll and emotional burden. -e lower the score, the lighter the in the medication schedule for the next month, focusing on self-feeling burden. the circumstances under which the medication noncom- pliance behavior is triggered (such as forgetting and not reminding the family), the status at this time (leisure, busy), 2.3.3. Medication Compliance. In this study, Basel assess- andthebehaviorofdrugnoncompliance(suchasmissingor ment scale was employed to measure the medication mistaking), used to judge the situation and causes of the compliance of renal transplant recipients [12]. -ere were 6 patient’sdrug noncompliance. Sign the behavior agreement, items in the scale, namely, 4 negative score items, 1 two- the patient self-guarantee that he/she will take the medicine classiﬁcation option item, and 1 self-score item. -e ﬁrst in accordance with the doctor’s advice. (2) In the second four items (1a, 1b, 2, 3) were scored from “none” to “almost month of intervention, focus on the methods of blood every day” or “more than 4 times.” -e compliance of concentration monitoring and matters needing attention to transplant recipients in the past 4 weeks was measured from keep the blood concentration stable, the consequences of four aspects: missing medication, continuous missing rejection (a small amount), and the occurrence and treat- medication, taking medicine on time, and taking medicine ment of infection (overdose) after taking immunosuppres- according to dose. -e total score of the ﬁrst four items is sive drugs without the doctor’s advice. Determine the 4–24, and the higher the score is, the worse the recipient’s medication disorders of patients according to the immu- compliance withmedicationis.Cronbach’s αcoeﬃcientwas nosuppressant treatment disorder scale and the guidelines 0.697. for intervention measures for common drug compliance disorders, and provide measures to solve the disorders according to the recommendations of the guidelines and the 2.3.4. SAS and SDS Scoring. AsfortheSASscore,theanxiety patients and their families, such as providing medicine kits, self-ratingscale,compiledbyNaifetal.[13],hasbecomeone settingalarmclocks,andfamilyreminders.Accordingtothe of the most commonly employed psychological measure- behavior feedback results of the ﬁrst month, adjust the ment tools for psychological counselors, psychiatrists, and medication schedule with the patients and their families, psychiatrists. -e higher the score, the more serious the aﬃrm and encourage the patients’ positive change behavior, anxiety symptoms. -e total score of anxiety was lower than and put forward correction and advice about their negative 50 as normal, 50–60 as mild, 61–70 as moderate, and more behavior.(3)Inthethirdmonthofintervention,focusonthe than 70 as severe anxiety. -e number of negative items prevention and treatment of complications, including indicates how many items the subjects did not respond to, matters needing attention in self-protection and lifestyle, as and the number of positive items indicates how many items well as the introduction of self-monitoring indicators; guide the subjects responded to. With respect to the total rough patients to ﬁll in daily records; according to the results of score, the scores of 20 items are added together, and the behavior feedback in the second month, adjust the medi- demarcation is assigned 40 points. cation schedule with patients, and give encouragement or Regarding the SDS score, self-rating depression scale advice about patients’ behavior changes. (4) Follow up the (SDS), compiled by W. K. Zung in 1965, is one of the scales patients by phone/WeChat/SMS semimonthly, ask the pa- recommended by the US Department of Education, Health tients whether they have the knowledge of immunosup- andWelfareforpsychopharmacologyresearch[14].-ecut- pressivedrugs,answertheirquestions,andaskthepatientsif oﬀ value of SDS standard score was 53. 53–62 was mild they have the occurrence and causes of noncompliance with depression, 63–72 was moderate depression, and more than immunosuppressive drugs. Provide appropriate treatment 73 was severe depression. measures. 2.3. Observation Index 2.3.5. Self-Management Ability. -e self-management ability was investigated with self-made questionnaire [15]. 2.3.1. Satisfaction. After consulting the literature and ex- -e scale included regular review, reasonable diet, taking perts’ discussion, we designed patients’ follow-up satisfac- medicine on time according to doctor’s advice, sleep, and tion, with a total of 10 items, and recorded patients’ exercise.-etotalscorewas100points.-ehigherthescore, satisfaction with follow-up management mode, health ed- the higher the self-management ability. ucation, medical and nursing service, and appointment 4 Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2.3.6. Quality of Life Scale. -e quality of life scale includes discharge was higher compared to the control group four subscales, namely, physical, psychological, social, and (P<0.05). All the data results are indicated in Table 3. health self-awareness, with a total of 29 items [16]. Cron- bach’s α coeﬃcient of the scale is 0.79 to 0.91. -e scale was 3.6. Comparison of Quality of Life Scores. Before nursing, the scored 1–5 grades. -e lower the score, the higher the scores of quality of life exhibited no signiﬁcant diﬀerence satisfaction. (P>0.05); after nursing, they decreased. Moreover, the scores of physiological function, psychological function, 2.4. Statistical Analysis. Using SPSS 21.0 statistical software, social function, and health self-cognition in the study group before statistical analysis, the measurement data were tested werelowercomparedtothecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Allthe bynormaldistributionandvariancehomogeneityanalysisto data results are indicated in Table 4. meet the requirements of normal distribution or approxi- mate normal distribution, expressed as x ±s, and repeated 4. Discussion measurement data were analyzed by repeated measurement analysisofvariance. T-testwasemployedtocomparethetwo ESRD is one of the important diseases that threaten the groups, n (%) was employed as an example to represent the safety of human life, and its morbidity and mortality are counting data, and χ test was employed to indicate that the relatively high. With the maturity of organ transplantation statistically signiﬁcant diﬀerence (P<0.05). technology, renal transplantation plays a great role in saving patients’ lives and improving the quality of life [16]. 3. Results However, long-term medication is still needed after oper- ation, and the probability of complications is also very high, 3.1. Comparison of Nursing Satisfaction. Comparing the so it is particularly importantto provide continuous care for nursing satisfaction, we found that the study group was very patients discharged from renal transplantation. It is nec- satisﬁedin24cases,satisﬁedin5cases,andgeneralin1case, essary to take eﬀective measures to strengthen nursing in- with a satisfaction rate of 100.00%; the control group was tervention and improve the sense of self-eﬃcacy [17]. HBM very satisﬁed in 14 cases, satisﬁed in 10 cases, general in 1 istheearliesttheoreticalmodeladoptedintheinterpretation case, and dissatisﬁed in 5 cases. -e satisfaction rate was ofindividualhealthbehavior.Atpresent,itiswidelyadopted 83.33%. Moreover, the nursing satisfaction in the study in the interpretation, prediction, and intervention of health group was higher compared to the control group (P<0.05). behavior. -e model was proposed by the American psy- All the data results are indicated in Figure 1. chologist Rosenstock in 1966 and applied to the ﬁeld of public health to explain why some people refuse to perform certain health-friendly behaviors, including perception of 3.2. Comparison of Self-Burden Score. With regard to the disease susceptibility and severity, perceived beneﬁts and scores of self-burdens, before nursing, there was no sig- obstacles of healthy behavior, and cues [18]. As proposed by niﬁcantdiﬀerence(P>0.05).-ephysicalburden,economic JanzandBecker,inthismodel,perceivedbehavioralbeneﬁts burden, and emotional burden of the study group were and barriers are subtracted from each other and directly lower compared to the control group (P<0.01). All the data aﬀectbehavior[19].Itissuggestedthatfuturestudiesshould results are indicated in Table 1. focus on more complex causal relationships such as health motivation andstudy theinteraction betweenvariables[20]. 3.3. Comparison of Drug Compliance. Concerning the drug -e HBM is mainly composed of three parts: personal compliance, the rates of unmissed medication, noncontin- perception, corrective factors, and possibility of behavior uous missed medication, timely medication, dose-by-dose [20, 21]. -e main results are as follows: (1) Personal per- medication, and non-self-stopping medication in the study ception includes perception of disease susceptibility and groupwerehighercomparedtothecontrolgroup(P<0.05). severity of the disease. When individuals realize the sus- All the data results are indicated in Figure 2. ceptibility and severity of the disease, that is, when they perceive the threat of the disease to themselves, they urge people to adopt healthy behavior or conduct disease 3.4. SAS and SDS Score Comparison. -e scores of SAS and screening. (2) Corrective factors refer to the factors that SDS exhibited no signiﬁcant diﬀerence (P>0.05) before inﬂuence and modify an individual’s perception of disease, nursing; after nursing, they decreased. Furthermore, the including demographic variables, such as age, gender, and scores of SAS and SDS of the study group were lower race; sociopsychologicalvariables,suchaspersonality,social comparedtothecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Allthedataresults status, and pressure from colleagues or groups; and struc- are indicated in Table 2. tural variables, such as personal disease knowledge and disease experience. Prompt factors, such as individual’s own 3.5. Comparison of Self-Management Ability. -e self- symptomsofdiscomfort,publicityinthemassmedia,advice management ability exhibited no signiﬁcant diﬀerence fromrelativesandfriends,remindersfrommedicalstaﬀ,and (P>0.05) before nursing; after nursing, it increased. In family or friends suﬀering from the disease can aﬀect an addition, the self-management ability of the study group at individual’s perception of the threat of disease. (3) -e discharge and 1month, 3months, and 6months after possibility of behavior includes perceiving the beneﬁts of Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 5 Very compliant comply with Noncompliance Dissatisﬁed control group Research group Figure 1: Comparison of nursing satisfaction between the two groups. Table 1: Comparison of the scores of self-burden between the two groups [x± s, points]. Physical burden Economic burden Emotional burden Group N Before nursing After nursing Before nursing After nursing Before nursing After nursing a a a C group 30 18.43±3.55 15.49±3.31 16.59±1.24 10.28±1.22 14.32±1.33 11.56±1.53 b b b R group 30 18.64±3.41 11.21±1.21 16.54±1.56 3.56±0.66 14.67±1.24 7.43±1.22 t 0.233 6.651 0.137 26.535 1.504 11.559 P ＞0.05 ＜0.01 ＞0.05 ＜0.01 ＞0.05 ＜0.01 a b Note. Compared with the control group before and after nursing, P<0.05; compared with the study group before and after nursing, P<0.05. No missed Continuous missed take medicine on Take medicine Did not stop taking medication medication time according to dosage it by oneself. control group Research group Figure 2: Comparison of medication compliance between the two groups. 6 Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging Table 2: Comparison of SAS and SDS scores between the two groups [x± s, points]. SAS SDS Group N Before nursing After nursing Before nursing After nursing a a C group 30 64.29±3.66 54.93±3.65 76.59±4.31 65.97±4.35 b b R group 30 64.34±3.52 41.29±3.31 76.42±4.67 43.19±4.54 t 0.053 15.162 0.146 19.843 P ＞0.05 ＜0.01 ＞0.05 ＜0.01 a b Note. Compared with the control group before and after nursing, P<0.05; compared with the study group before and after nursing, P<0.05. Table 3: Comparison of self-management ability between the two groups of patients [x± s, points]. 3 months Group N Before nursing When discharged from the hospital 1 month after discharge after 6 months after discharge discharge C group 30 54.91±3.31 60.49±3.74 67.48±4.75 76.59±3.75 81.72±3.66 R group 30 54.69±3.45 67.38±3.55 74.92±3.35 80.54±4.12 89.49±3.31 T 0.252 7.318 7.010 3.883 8.624 P ＜0.01 ＜0.01 ＜0.01 ＜0.01 ＜0.01 Table 4: Comparison of quality of life scores between the two groups before treatment [x± s, points]. Physiological function Psychological function Social function Healthy self-cognition Group N Before Before Before Before After nursing After nursing After nursing After nursing nursing nursing nursing nursing 30 15.84±4.64 13.66±2.54a 16.12±3.44 14.85±4.86a 18.12±3.66 16.55±2.77a 15.42±3.23 13.85±1.33 group Rgroup 30 15.13±4.64 11.66±2.67b 16.55±3.53 12.81±1.85b 18.23±3.64 12.12±3.77b 15.55±3.33 10.13±2.64 T 0.592 2.972 0.477 2.148 0.116 5.186 0.153 6.892 P ＞0.05 ＜0.01 ＞0.05 ＜0.01 ＞0.05 ＜0.01 ＞0.05 ＜0.01 a b Note. Compared with the control group before and after nursing, P<0.05; compared with the study group before and after nursing, P<0.05. healthy behavior and perceiving the barriers to performing concluded that renal transplant recipients with higher healthy behavior and self-eﬃcacy. When individuals per- perception of medication disorders worry more about the ceive the more beneﬁts and fewer obstacles of adopting useofimmunosuppressivedrugs,thosewithlowself-control healthy behaviors and have the conﬁdence to complete and lower life satisfaction are more likely to disobey in- healthy behaviors, they are more likely to adopt healthy structions, and the most common reason for drug non- behaviors [22]. compliance is forgetting [27, 28]. -e study pointed out that In terms of compliance, some scholars have discussed the medication disorders perceived by renal transplant re- women’scompliancewithbreastimagingexaminationbased cipients with poor compliance were mainly changes in daily living habits and lack of money. It is suggested that drug- on HBM [23]. -e results showed that the less perception of the beneﬁts of breast cancer screening, perceptual disorders, taking behavior should be integrated into daily life and contingency plans should be made [28]. In 2017, some and family history of breast cancer were important factors aﬀecting compliance [23, 24]. In the studies of other scholars pointed out that factors related to health beliefs scholars, based on this model, the inﬂuencing factors in such as perception of immunosuppressive drug disorders, medication compliance in patients with schizophrenia were long-term drug self-eﬃcacy, drug treatment satisfaction, comprehensively analyzed, and it was pointed out that in- perceiveddrugknowledge,andsocialsupportwereanalyzed dividualized evaluation and treatment were the best [24]. By toexploretheimpactondrugcomplianceofrenaltransplant exploring the inﬂuencing factors in patients’ compliance recipients[29].-eresultsshowedthatthemaininﬂuencing with antihypertensive drugs, some scholars point out that factors of drug compliance of renal transplant recipients self-eﬃcacy is the most important factor, and patients’ were drug taking disorder and social support. -e main obstacles for patients to take drugs are the shape of the drug compliance can be enhanced by strengthening self-eﬃcacy [25]. Some scholars have also studied the compliance with itself, the sideeﬀects of thedrug, and thecomplexity of drug anticoagulants in patients with cardiac valve replacement, treatment. -e more serious the patient’s medication dis- and the results demonstrate that self-eﬃcacy and perceptual order is, the worse the medication compliance is [29, 30]. behaviordisordersaresigniﬁcantinﬂuencingfactors[26].In In terms of the intervention based on the HBM, some the ﬁeld of renal transplantation, in 2012, some scholars scholars have evaluated the eﬀectiveness of the intervention discussed the factors that may aﬀect the drug compliance of measuresinimprovingcomplianceguidedbytheHBM[30]. renal transplant recipients based on HBM [27]. It is -estudyconcludedthatperceptualdisordersandperceived Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 7 medication experience, clearing up their confusion, giving beneﬁts in the HBM are always powerful factors in pre- dicting behavior. Some scholars have pointed out that the them emotional support, and encouraging them to actively manage medication behavior. intervention measures based on behavior change theory can improve the compliance of the elderly [30, 31]. -e results Conclusively, the nursing intervention based on HBM indicate that, for compliance intervention studies, there are can enhance the medication compliance of renal transplant diﬀerences in the use of diﬀerent research theories and the recipients,andtheinterventioneﬀectisdurable.Meanwhile, eﬀect of intervention. Han et al. have indicated that CD- itcaneﬀectivelystrengthenthenegativeemotionofpatients, ROM education and motivational telephone interviews can reduce the burden of self-feeling, enhance the quality of life, improve the blood pressure and medication compliance facilitate the self-management of patients, and promote the prognosis. behavior of patients with diabetes and kidney disease, but the diﬀerence is not signiﬁcant and needs to be further improved [31]. Gu et al. applied this model to implement Data Availability long-distance health education through mobile client app, which signiﬁcantly enhanced the compliance of breast No data were used to support this study. cancer patients with endocrine therapy [32]. Zhao et al. apply health education based on HBM to improve drug Conflicts of Interest compliance of pulmonary tuberculosis patients [33]. Most of the intervention studies based on HBM are in the form of -e authors declare that they have no conﬂicts of interest. health education, which is a single-dimensional interven- tion, and there is no intervention research on drug com- References pliance of renal transplant recipients based on HBM in China. In terms of the results of this study, nursing inter- [1] X.LuandJ.Liu,“Studyontheapplicationofscanningglucose vention based on HBM is patient-centered, focusing on monitoring system in blood glucose management of patients stimulating patients’ internal potential, arousing their en- after renal transplantation,” Nursing Research, vol. 35, no. 23, thusiasm and initiative, changing their behavior and con- pp. 4218–4221, 2021. sciousness, and improving the clinical outcome of renal [2] C. Jiang, J. Xiao, X. Wang, and Q. Xiao, “Correlation between transplant recipients. -e results indicated that the scores of psychological status, social support and quality of life of renal self-perceivedburden,SDS,andSASinthestudygroupwere transplant recipients,” Nursing Research, vol. 35, no. 19, pp. 3530–3533, 2021. signiﬁcantly lower compared to the control group after [3] N. Krishnan, A. Aisha, M. Nandhini et al., “HLA antibody intervention (P<0.05), which fully shows that the nursing incompatible renal transplantation: long-term outcomes model based on HBM is suitable for the nursing process of similar to deceased donor transplantation,” Transplantation patients afterrenal transplantation andhelpsto forma good Direct, vol. 7, no. 8, pp. 441–445, 2021. cooperative relationship between nurses and patients. [4] S.Hu,X.Wang,X.Xiaoetal.,“Metaintegrationofqualitative Nursing intervention based on HBM can stimulate patients’ studyonself-managementneedsofrenaltransplantpatients,” motivation to change their behavior and urge them to as- Nursing Research, vol. 35, no. 13, pp. 2316–2321, 2021. sume the responsibility of self-management by clarifying [5] A. O. Mosqueda, E. E. L. Hernandez, ´ G. C. Morales, and problems, making steps, and implementing plans after L. J. M.J. P.H. E.O. D. H. Navarro, “Association betweenthe communicating with patients. In this model, nurses have placement of a double-J catheter and the risk of urinary tract infection in renal transplantation recipients: a retrospective changed their leading role and put more emphasis on cohort study of 1038 patients,” Transplantation Proceedings, helping patients learn all aspects of relevant knowledge and vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 1927–1932, 2021. distinguish the pros and cons of their behavior. Providing [6] A. Ziad, Al T. Khalefa, A. Abdulrahman et al., “-e impact of patients with problem-solving solutions directly is not ad- timing of stent removal on the incidence of UTI, recurrence, vocated, which can eﬀectively enhance the self-management symptomatology, resistance, and hospitalization in renal ability of patients and be more scientiﬁc. -is study indi- transplant recipients,” Journal of Transplantation, vol. 31, cated that the scores of physical function, social function, no. 31, pp. 313–317, 2021. rolefunction,andcognitivefunctioninthestudygroupwere [7] Y. Li, B. Wu, X. Li, Q. Zhou, and Y. Li, “Research on mental higher compared to the control group, and the drug com- stress recognition of depressive disorders in patients with plianceinthestudygroupwassigniﬁcantlyhighercompared androgenic alopecia based on machine learning and fuzzy to the control group (P<0.05). -is indicates that the K-means clustering,” Frontiers in Genetics, vol.12, Article ID 751791, 2021. nursing intervention based on HBM can help patients ef- [8] P. Gavriilidis, J. O’Callaghan, J. Hunter, and C. D. Fernando, fectively restore the function of renal transplantation and “Allograft nephrectomy versus nonallograft nephrectomy promotethequalityoflife.-ereasonmaybethataccording after failed renal transplantation: a systematic review by to the guidance of HBM, this study implements compre- updated meta-analysis,” Transplant International, vol. 34, hensive nursing intervention of health education, behavior no. 8, pp. 1374–1385, 2021. change, and emotional intervention, while providing [9] P. Zhang, X. Zhu, Y. Jin, and L. Jia, “Identiﬁcation of im- knowledge of drugs and diseases to renal transplant recip- munosuppressivemedicationnonadherencefactorsthrougha ients,payingattentiontosolvingtheirmedicationdisorders, combined theory model in renal transplant recipients,” holding monthly face-to-face interviews to mobilize their Frontiers in Pharmacology, vol. 12, no. 43, pp. 4819–4823, subjective initiative to a certain extent, listening to their 2021. 8 Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging [10] H. Ma, J. Cao, and M. Li, “Application of PDCA process death after renal transplantation: role of pretransplant risk factors,” Clinical and Experimental Nephrology, vol. 25, no. 5, management in day operation ward and the inﬂuence of nursingqualityandsafety,” Computational and Mathematical pp. 63–66, 2021. [25] J. Posselt, B. Harbeck, A. Rahvar, and P. C. S. Kropp, “Im- Methods in Medicine, vol. 2022, pp. 1–8, Article ID 8169963, 2022. proved cognitive function after kidney transplantation compared to hemodialysis,” <erapeutic Apheresis and Di- [11] M.D.S.Pedroso-Chaparro,I.Cabrera,M.Marquez-Gonz ´ alez ´ alysis, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 931–938, 2021. et al., “Validation of the guilt associated with self-perception [26] E. Gorgov, S. Rayman, I. Carmeli, and A. Keidar, “Laparo- as a burden scale (G-SPBS),” Behavioural and Cognitive scopic single anastomosis gastric bypass for morbid obesity Psychotherapy, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 185–196, 2021. following renal transplantation: a case,” Obesity Surgery, [12] M. Yazin, K. Tim, and H. Ahmed, “Renal transplantation vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 160–165, 2021. against a positive crossmatch due to HLA-DP donor-speciﬁc [27] R. Demirci and O. Akyuz, “Comparison of serum monocide antibodies without prior antibody removal – case report,” chemoattractant protein levels with immunosuppressive Transplantation Reports, vol. 42, no. 66, pp. 693–695, 2021. therapy protocols in patients with renal transplantation,” [13] A. AlEnazi Naif, S. Ahmad Khaled, and A. Elsamahy Ilham, Bratislavske Lekarske Listy, vol.122, no. 3, pp. 623–628, 2021. “Feasibility and impact of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy [28] K. Brinda, M. Raj, S. Agrawal et al., “Role of therapeutic after renal transplantation on comorbidities, graft function plasma exchange in acute humoral rejection patients un- and quality of life,” BMC Surgery, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 56–59, dergoing live-related renal transplantation: a single-center experience,” Asian Journal of Transfusion Science, vol. 15, [14] Q.Zhou,Y.Yu,W.Qinetal.,“Currentstatusofultrasoundin no. 1, pp. 529–531, 2021. acute rejection after renal transplantation: a review with a [29] T. Zhang, A. Chu, Q. Xu, Y. Fang, L. Yang, and H. Zhang, focus on contrast-enhanced ultrasound,” Annals of Trans- “Researchprogressonriskfactorsofbodyweightincreaseand plantation, vol. 26, no. 32, pp. 641–647, 2021. non-drug intervention strategies in renal transplant recipi- [15] N.Laura,L.Peters,T.Daria,andZ.Tanja,“Couplesafterrenal ents,” Nursing Management in China, vol. 20, no. 12, transplantation: impact of sex and relationship quality on pp. 1881–1885, 2020. adherence in a prospective study,” Transplantation Proceed- [30] K.Xiao,B.Gu,S.Zhaoetal.,“Toconstructthepreventionand ings, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 542–546, 2021. management model of venous thromboembolism in renal [16] S.Murat,A.Sema,A.Utku,K.Hakan,M.Uyar,andS.Sevmis, transplant recipients based on the achieved quality control “Risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of lymphocele after circle,” Nursing Research, vol.34, no. 21,pp. 3910–3913, 2020. renal transplantation: a retrospective study,” Transplantation [31] M. Han, H. Liu, Y. Hu et al., “-e relationship between ex- Proceedings, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 549–553, 2021. ercise intention and exercise behavior in renal transplant [17] N. Anjum and N. Zahid, “-e beneﬁcial role of anti-phos- recipients: the mediating eﬀect of exercise program,” Nursing pholipase A2 receptor auto-antibodies and rituximab in the Research, vol. 34, no. 09, pp. 1525–1529, 2020. managementof recurrentprimarymembranousnephropathy [32] E. Maﬃni, L. Giaccone, M. Festuccia, L. Brunello, A. Busca, after kidney transplantation,” Journal of Ayub Medical Col- and B. Bruno, “Treatment of CMV infection after allogeneic lege, Abbottabad : Journal de l’Association Medicale Cana- hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,” Expert Review of dienne, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 176–179, 2021. Hematology, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 585–596, 2016. [18] S. Maurizio and T. Aris, “Fertility and pregnancy in end stage [33] S. Zhao, M. Zhou, and B. Gu, “Advances in metabolic dis- kidney failure patients and after renal transplantation: an orders caused by immunosuppressants and nursing inter- update,” Transplantology, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 6591–6595, 2021. vention in adult renal transplantation patients,” Nursing [19] T.Surabhi,N.Rajesh,S.Sandeep,andM.Anil,“Prevalenceof Research, vol. 34, no. 03, pp. 470–472, 2020. posttransplant anemia in patients undergoing renal trans- plantation at a tertiary care center in Kerala - a prospective observational study,” Indian Journal of Transplantation, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 541–546, 2021. [20] C. Rong, Q. Chang, and X. Wu, “Fine nursing care of living donor kidney transplantation patients with ABO blood group incompatibility,” Nursing Research, vol. 35, no. 05, pp. 934– 936, 2021. [21] C. Roberta, T. Corrado, G. Roberta et al., “Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined signiﬁcance coexisting in patients undergoing kidney transplantation does not ad- versely inﬂuencepost-graft clinical outcome,” Clinical Kidney Journal, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 593–596, 2021. [22] B. -omas, B. Emmanuel, M. Aliz ee, ´ F. Gaelle, and G. Laurent, “Characteristics of T and NK-cell lymphomas after renal transplantation: a French national multicentric cohort study,” Transplantation, vol. 105, no. 8, pp. 541–546, [23] J. Rankin Alastair and B. Mark Patrick, “Cardiac screening prior to renal transplantation—good intentions, rather than goodevidence,dictatepractice,” Kidney International,vol.99, no. 2, pp. 591–595, 2021. [24] J. J. G. De Lima, W. G. Luis Henrique, D. N. Elias, and A. B. Luiz, “Early cardiovascular events and cardiovascular http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.deepdyve.com/lp/hindawi-publishing-corporation/effects-of-nursing-intervention-based-on-health-belief-model-on-self-Ko3aMeQjyL

Loading next page...

References (36)

P. Gavriilidis, J. 'callaghan, J. Hunter, Tyrrel Fernando, C. Imray, D. Roy (2021)
Allograft nephrectomy versus nonallograft nephrectomy after failed renal transplantation: a systematic review by updated meta‐analysis
Transplant International, 34
T. Barba, E. Bachy, A. Maarek, G. Fossard, L. Genestier, D. Anglicheau, V. Moal, J. Dantal, P. Rieu, J. Chemouny, Manon Charrier, A. Durrbach, F. Provôt, D. Ducloux, P. Westeel, A. Heng, J. Rerolle, B. Barrou, P. Grimbert, V. Châtelet, C. Mousson, B. Janbon, V. Pernin, L. Frimat, N. Ouali, D. Glotz, A. Thierry, C. Mariat, M. Büchler, P. Gaulard, V. Leblond, E. Morelon, V. Dubois, G. Salles, S. Caillard, O. Thaunat (2021)
Characteristics of T- and NK-cell Lymphomas After Renal Transplantation: A French National Multicentric Cohort Study
Transplantation, 105
(2020)
The relationship between exercise intention and exercise behavior in renal transplant recipients: the mediating effect of exercise program
N. Krishnan, Aisha Abimbola, N. Machan, S. Daga, K. Gopalakrishnan, F. Lam, LamChin Tan, H. Kashi, C. Imray, D. Zehnder, C. Collins, R. Curtis, R. Higgins, N. Khovanova, D. Briggs (2021)
HLA Antibody Incompatible Renal Transplantation: Long-term Outcomes Similar to Deceased Donor Transplantation
Transplantation Direct, 7
M. Salvadori, A. Tsalouchos (2021)
Fertility and Pregnancy in End Stage Kidney Failure Patients and after Renal Transplantation: An Update
Transplantology
Surabhi Talwar, R. Nair, S. Sreedharan, A. Mathew, Z. Paul, G. Kurian (2021)
Prevalence of posttransplant anemia in patients undergoing renal transplantation at a tertiary care center in Kerala - A prospective observational study
Indian Journal of Transplantation, 15
A. Rankin, P. Mark (2021)
Cardiac screening prior to renal transplantation-good intentions, rather than good evidence, dictate practice.
Kidney international, 99 2
(2021)
Meta integration of qualitative study on self-management needs of renal transplant patients
Naif Alenazi, Khaled Ahmad, Ilham Elsamahy, Mohamed Essa (2020)
Feasibility and impact of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy after renal transplantation on comorbidities, graft function and quality of life
BMC Surgery, 21
N. Anjum, Z. Nabi (2021)
The Beneficial Role Of Anti-Phospholipase A2 Receptor Auto-Antibodies And Rituximab In The Management Of Recurrent Primary Membranous Nephropathy After Kidney Transplantation.
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 33 2
(2020)
e relationship between exercise intention and exercise behavior in renal transplant recipients: the mediating effect of exercise program
Qiang Zhou, Yanjie Yu, Wenhan Qin, Youmin Pu, Shuang Hu, Maozhi Tang, Xiaosong Xu, Hongwen Zhao (2021)
Current Status of Ultrasound in Acute Rejection After Renal Transplantation: A Review with a Focus on Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound
Annals of Transplantation, 26
(2021)
Correlation between psychological status, social support and quality of life of renal transplant recipients
(2020)
To construct the prevention and management model of venous thromboembolism in renal transplant recipients based on the achieved quality control circle
R. Clari, C. Tarella, R. Giraudi, M. Torazza, E. Gallo, A. Lavacca, F. Fop, A. Mella, Caterina Dolla, L. Biancone (2020)
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance coexisting in patients undergoing kidney transplantation does not adversely influence post-graft clinical outcome
Clinical Kidney Journal, 14
Eliyahu Gorgov, S. Rayman, I. Carmeli, A. Keidar (2021)
Laparoscopic Single Anastomosis Gastric Bypass for Morbid Obesity Following Renal Transplantation: a Case
Obesity Surgery, 31
(2021)
Fine nursing care of living donor kidney transplantation patients with ABO blood group incompatibility
E. Maffini, L. Giaccone, M. Festuccia, L. Brunello, A. Busca, B. Bruno (2016)
Treatment of CMV infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Expert Review of Hematology, 9
Yulong Li, Baojin Wu, Xiujun Li, Qing Zhou, Xin Yang, Yufei Li (2021)
Research on Mental Stress Recognition of Depressive Disorders in Patients With Androgenic Alopecia Based on Machine Learning and Fuzzy K-Means Clustering
Frontiers in Genetics, 12
Laura Neubert, Luisa Peters, D. Tkachenko, Tanja Zimmermann (2021)
Couples After Renal Transplantation: Impact of Sex and Relationship Quality on Adherence in a Prospective Study.
Transplantation proceedings
Abel Mosqueda, E. Hernández, Gabriela Morales, Liz Navarro, Juan Bonilla, Enrique Moreno, D. Ugarte (2021)
Association Between the Placement of a Double-J Catheter and the Risk of Urinary Tract Infection in Renal Transplantation Recipients: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 1038 Patients.
Transplantation proceedings
(2021)
e impact of timing of stent removal on the incidence of UTI, recurrence, symptomatology, resistance, and hospitalization in renal transplant recipients
J. Lima, L. Gowdak, E. David‐Neto, L. Bortolotto (2020)
Early cardiovascular events and cardiovascular death after renal transplantation: role of pretransplant risk factors
Clinical and Experimental Nephrology, 25
Murat Sevmiş, S. Aktaş, U. Alkara, H. Kilercik, M. Uyar, Ş. Sevmiş (2021)
Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Lymphocele After Renal Transplantation: A Retrospective Study.
Transplantation proceedings
Huan Ma, Juan Cao, Meng Li (2022)
Application of PDCA Process Management in Day Operation Ward and the Influence of Nursing Quality and Safety
Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, 2022
B. Kakkar, R. Makroo, S. Agrawal, M. Chowdhry, Sweta Nayak, S. Jasuja, G. Sagar, S. Guleria (2021)
Role of therapeutic plasma exchange in acute humoral rejection patients undergoing live-related renal transplantation: A single-center experience
Asian Journal of Transfusion Science, 15
(2020)
Advances in metabolic disorders caused by immunosuppressants and nursing intervention in adult renal transplantation patients
Pengpeng Zhang, Xiao Zhu, Jin Yan, Jia Liu (2021)
Identification of Immunosuppressive Medication Nonadherence Factors Through a Combined Theory Model in Renal Transplant Recipients
Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12
Ziad Arabi, Khalefa Thiab, Abdulrahman Altheaby, Mohammed Tawhari, Ghaleb Aboalsamh, M. Almarastani, Samy Kashkoush, M. Shaheen, Abdulrahman Altamimi, Lina Alnajjar, Rawan Alhussein, Raghad Almuhiteb, Bashayr Alqahtani, Rayana Alotaibi, Marah Alqahtani, Y. Ghazwani, W. O'hali, Khalid Saad (2021)
The Impact of Timing of Stent Removal on the Incidence of UTI, Recurrence, Symptomatology, Resistance, and Hospitalization in Renal Transplant Recipients
Journal of Transplantation, 2021
(2021)
e beneficial role of anti-phospholipase A2 receptor auto-antibodies and rituximab in the management of recurrent primary membranous nephropathy after kidney transplantation
R. Demirci, O. Akyuz (2021)
Comparison of serum monocide chemoattractant protein levels with immunosuppressive therapy protocols in patients with renal transplantation.
Bratislavske lekarske listy, 122 3
Jana Posselt, B. Harbeck, Amir-Hossein Rahvar, P. Kropp, C. Haas (2021)
Improved cognitive function after kidney transplantation compared to hemodialysis
Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis, 25
(2020)
Research progress on risk factors of body weight increase and non-drug intervention strategies in renal transplant recipients
(2021)
Study on the application of scanning glucose monitoring system in blood glucose management of patients after renal transplantation
María Pedroso-Chaparro, Isabel Cabrera, M. Márquez-González, R. Olmos, R. Romero-Moreno, Carlos Vara-García, Laura Gallego-Alberto, Samara Barrera-Caballero, Andrés Losada-Baltar (2020)
Validation of the Guilt associated with Self-Perception as a Burden Scale (G-SPBS)
Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 49
Y. Marie, T. Key, A. Halawa (2021)
Renal transplantation against a positive crossmatch due to HLA-DP donor-specific antibodies without prior antibody removal – Case report
Transplantation Reports, 6

Publisher: Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Shuqin Hu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ISSN: 1555-4309
eISSN: 1555-4317
DOI: 10.1155/2022/3001780
Publisher site: See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Hindawi Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging Volume 2022, Article ID 3001780, 8 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3001780 Research Article Effects of Nursing Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Self-Perceived Burden, Drug Compliance, and Quality of Life of Renal Transplant Recipients 1 2 2 3 Shuqin Hu, Rui Xiong, Qingxiang Hu, and Qingling Li Organ Procurement Organizations, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China Department of Organ Transplantation, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China Outpatient Department, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China Correspondence should be addressed to Qingling Li; liqingling5158@fjmu.edu.cn Received 8 March 2022; Revised 2 April 2022; Accepted 12 April 2022; Published 5 May 2022 Academic Editor: Yuvaraja Teekaraman Copyright © 2022 Shuqin Hu et al. -is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Objective. To explore the eﬀects of nursing intervention based on health belief model (HBM) on self-perceived burden, drug compliance, and quality of life of renal transplant recipients. Methods. Sixty patients with renal transplantation treated in our hospital from February 2019 to July 2021 were enrolled. -e patients were randomly assigned to control group and study group. -eformerreceivedroutinenursingandthelatterreceivednursinginterventionbasedonHBM. Results.-enursingsatisfaction inthestudygroupwashighercomparedtothecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Secondly,wecomparedthescoresofself-burdens.Before nursing, they exhibited no signiﬁcant diﬀerence (P>0.05); after nursing, they decreased. Moreover, the physical burden, economicburden,andemotionalburdenofthestudygroupwerelowercomparedtothecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Intermsofdrug compliance, the rates of no missed medication, noncontinuous missed medication, timely medication, dose-by-dose medication, andnon-self-stoppingmedicationinthestudygroupwerehighercomparedtothecontrolgroup(P<0.05).-escoresofSASand SDS exhibited no signiﬁcant diﬀerence before nursing (P>0.05). After nursing, they decreased. Furthermore, the scores of SAS and SDS of the study group were lower compared to the control group (P<0.05). -e self-management ability exhibited no signiﬁcant diﬀerence before nursing (P>0.05); after nursing, it increased. Moreover, the self-management ability of the study group at discharge and 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after discharge was higher compared to the control group (P<0.05). Finally, we compared the scores of quality of life. Before nursing, there was no signiﬁcant diﬀerence (P>0.05). -e scores of physiologicalfunction,psychologicalfunction,socialfunction,andhealthself-cognitioninthestudygroupwerelowercompared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion. -e nursing intervention based on HBM can enhance the medication compliance of renal transplant recipients, and the intervention eﬀect is long-lasting. Meanwhile, it can eﬀectively enhance the negative emotion ofpatients,reducetheburdenofself-feeling,promotethequalityoflife,strengthentheself-managementofpatients,andfacilitate the prognosis. for the treatment of all kinds of ESRD, with the earliest 1. Introduction clinical development, the largest number of transplantation -e increased incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) cases, and the most mature parenchyma organ transplan- has signiﬁcantly increased patients’ demand for kidney tation [2]. According to the results of the World Health transplantation [1]. -e inevitable choices of ESRD are Organization (WHO), there were 90306 kidney transplants, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and renal transplantation. 32990 living donor kidney transplants (36.5%) and 57316 Regarding dialysis, transplant patients have longer survival cadaveric donor kidney transplants (63.5%), in 2017 [3]. time, higher quality of life, and lower economic burden. At According to the US Organ Acquisition and Transplant present, renal transplantation is the most eﬀective method Network,atotalof20119kidneytransplantswereperformed 2 Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging intervention. HBM is applied through the analysis of in- in the United States in 2017, including 5811 living donor kidney transplants (28.9%) and 14038 cadaveric donor dividual health beliefs; the use of pictorials, brochures, and WeChat education platform; and other ways to promote kidney transplants (71.1%). In 1960, the ﬁrst cadaveric kidney transplantation in Chinawas successfully carried out the relevant content of healthy behavior, give individuals by Academician Wu Jieping, a famous urologist [4]. At correct cognition to establish a good health belief, make present, kidney transplantation in China is mainly organ them take the initiative to complete healthy behavior, and donation after the death of citizens. According to the ﬁnally achieve the goal of preventing adverse consequences Chinese kidney transplantation scientiﬁc registration sys- [9].Basedonthis,thecurrentstudyfocusesontheeﬀectsof tem, a total of 10793 kidney transplants were completed in nursing intervention based on HBM on self-perceived burden, drug compliance, and quality of life of renal 2017, of which 1753 were living donor kidneys, accounting for 16.2% of the national kidney transplantation. -ere were transplant recipients. 9040 cadaveric donor kidney cases, accounting for 83.8% of the national kidney transplantation. From January to June 2. Patients and Methods 2018, 5873 kidney transplants have been carried out na- tionwide, including living donor kidney transplantation in 2.1. General Information. Sixty patients with renal trans- 784 cases (13.3%) and cadaveric donor kidney transplan- plantation treated in our hospital from February 2019 to tation in 5089 cases (86.7%). Since 1989, the short-term July 2021 were enrolled. -e patients were randomly survival rate of renal transplantation has been greatly en- assigned to control group and study group. -e former hanced, but the long-term survival rate has been slowly received routine nursing and the latter received nursing strengthened [5]. According to the 2017 US annual report, intervention based on HBM. In the control group, the age the survival rate of transplanted kidneys is more than 90% was 30–62 years old, with an average of 45.91±3.63 years, one year after transplant, while the survival rate of 10years including 18 males and 12 females, while in the study after transplant is about 50%, with the survival rate of ca- group, the age was 31–65 years old, with an average of daveric donors being 46.4% and that of living donors being 45.96±3.58years,including16malesand14females.-ere 61.4% [6]. was no statistical signiﬁcance in the general data of the two Health belief model (HBM) is a model that predicts the groups. -is study was permitted by the medical ethics inﬂuence of personal belief on behavior change [7]. -is associationofourhospital,andallpatientssignedinformed model holds that belief can inﬂuence behavior, highlights consent. the leading role of belief in behavior, and believes that -e inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) age >18 years individual decision-making behavior is greatly inﬂuenced old; (2) transplantation time ≥3 months; (3) graft function by subjective psychology [7, 8]. HBM includes under- without regular dialysis; (4) poor compliance with immu- standing of disease threat; self-eﬃcacy; and prompting, nosuppressive drugs; (5) postoperative calcium neuro- inﬂuencing, and restricting factors. -e cognition of dis- protein inhibitor being tacrolimus; (6) recipients having no ease threat refers to the individual’s subjective cognition of seriousinfectionandcomplicationsafteroperation;(7)clear disease and health, including the severity and susceptibility consciousness and ability to communicate in speech or of the disease, and the eﬀectiveness of prevention and writing; and (8) informed consent to participate in this obstacles in action. -e perception of disease susceptibility study. is the probability of the occurrence of the disease; the -e exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) recipients of perception of the severity of the disease is the individual’s combined multiple-organ transplantation; (2) recipients of understanding of the serious consequences of the disease; secondary or multiple renal transplants; (3) patients with the perception of the beneﬁts of healthy behavior is the severe organic diseases of heart, brain, lung, and other individual’s knowledge that it is good for their health to important organs; and (4) those who had participated in complete a certain behavior. -e cognition of behavioral other clinical trials. disorder is the individual’s cognition of the obstacles and -e shedding criteria are as follows: (1) after being in- problems that may need to be faced to complete a certain formedoftheinterviewtime,thepatientsdidnotparticipate behavior, including physical, psychological, time-related, in any interview; (2) after the ﬁrst interview, the patients economic, and other diﬃculties [8]. Self-eﬃcacy refers to were not present for three consecutive interviews. Patients the individual’s ability to complete a behavior and achieve withtheaboveconditionsweretreatedasshedding,andthey the expected results in a speciﬁed situation, and it is the were automatically withdrawn from the study. individual’s own judgment on his or her own related abilities. -e cue factors are the factors that promote the completion of a certain behavior, such as the promotion of 2.2. Treatment Methods. -e control group received routine manuals and books, and the illness of colleagues, relatives, nursinginterventioninthedepartment,thediseaseguidance or friends. -e inﬂuencing and restricting factors include manual was issued to the patients on the day of admission, uncontrollableexternalfactorssuchasage,sex,nationality, the admission was evaluated, health education was patiently character, and educational level. HBM is widely employed provided for the patients, and the matters needing attention in health education, such as explaining the transformation in disease-related self-management were explained to them. and maintenance of various healthy behaviors, or forming Individualized nursing guidance was given, and the way of an important theoretical framework to guide behavior education was mainly through health education. Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 3 registration process [10]. It is assigned to four dimensions: On the basis of the control group, the study group carried out nursing intervention based on HBM, and the very satisﬁed, satisﬁed, general, and dissatisﬁed. Satisfaction rate �“very satisﬁed” rate+“satisﬁed” rate+“general” rate. speciﬁc measures were as follows: (1) In the ﬁrst month of the intervention, provide the patients with the drug-taking manual for renal transplant recipients, focusing on the 2.3.2. Self-Perceived Burden Scale (SPBS). -e SPBS, which beneﬁts of transplantation, the necessity of taking immu- nosuppressive drugs, the consequences of taking immu- was developed by Pedroso-Chaparro et al. in 2003, was employedtomeasuretheSPBSscoreofpatientswithchronic nosuppressive drugs, the taking methods, and the matters needing attention regarding various immunosuppressive diseases[11].-eChinese versionof thescalewasemployed in this study, and Cronbach’s α coeﬃcient was 0.910. -ere drugs. Fill in the medication plan and schedule according to are three dimensions: physical burden, economic burden, thepersonalconditionsofthepatients.Askthepatienttoﬁll and emotional burden. -e lower the score, the lighter the in the medication schedule for the next month, focusing on self-feeling burden. the circumstances under which the medication noncom- pliance behavior is triggered (such as forgetting and not reminding the family), the status at this time (leisure, busy), 2.3.3. Medication Compliance. In this study, Basel assess- andthebehaviorofdrugnoncompliance(suchasmissingor ment scale was employed to measure the medication mistaking), used to judge the situation and causes of the compliance of renal transplant recipients [12]. -ere were 6 patient’sdrug noncompliance. Sign the behavior agreement, items in the scale, namely, 4 negative score items, 1 two- the patient self-guarantee that he/she will take the medicine classiﬁcation option item, and 1 self-score item. -e ﬁrst in accordance with the doctor’s advice. (2) In the second four items (1a, 1b, 2, 3) were scored from “none” to “almost month of intervention, focus on the methods of blood every day” or “more than 4 times.” -e compliance of concentration monitoring and matters needing attention to transplant recipients in the past 4 weeks was measured from keep the blood concentration stable, the consequences of four aspects: missing medication, continuous missing rejection (a small amount), and the occurrence and treat- medication, taking medicine on time, and taking medicine ment of infection (overdose) after taking immunosuppres- according to dose. -e total score of the ﬁrst four items is sive drugs without the doctor’s advice. Determine the 4–24, and the higher the score is, the worse the recipient’s medication disorders of patients according to the immu- compliance withmedicationis.Cronbach’s αcoeﬃcientwas nosuppressant treatment disorder scale and the guidelines 0.697. for intervention measures for common drug compliance disorders, and provide measures to solve the disorders according to the recommendations of the guidelines and the 2.3.4. SAS and SDS Scoring. AsfortheSASscore,theanxiety patients and their families, such as providing medicine kits, self-ratingscale,compiledbyNaifetal.[13],hasbecomeone settingalarmclocks,andfamilyreminders.Accordingtothe of the most commonly employed psychological measure- behavior feedback results of the ﬁrst month, adjust the ment tools for psychological counselors, psychiatrists, and medication schedule with the patients and their families, psychiatrists. -e higher the score, the more serious the aﬃrm and encourage the patients’ positive change behavior, anxiety symptoms. -e total score of anxiety was lower than and put forward correction and advice about their negative 50 as normal, 50–60 as mild, 61–70 as moderate, and more behavior.(3)Inthethirdmonthofintervention,focusonthe than 70 as severe anxiety. -e number of negative items prevention and treatment of complications, including indicates how many items the subjects did not respond to, matters needing attention in self-protection and lifestyle, as and the number of positive items indicates how many items well as the introduction of self-monitoring indicators; guide the subjects responded to. With respect to the total rough patients to ﬁll in daily records; according to the results of score, the scores of 20 items are added together, and the behavior feedback in the second month, adjust the medi- demarcation is assigned 40 points. cation schedule with patients, and give encouragement or Regarding the SDS score, self-rating depression scale advice about patients’ behavior changes. (4) Follow up the (SDS), compiled by W. K. Zung in 1965, is one of the scales patients by phone/WeChat/SMS semimonthly, ask the pa- recommended by the US Department of Education, Health tients whether they have the knowledge of immunosup- andWelfareforpsychopharmacologyresearch[14].-ecut- pressivedrugs,answertheirquestions,andaskthepatientsif oﬀ value of SDS standard score was 53. 53–62 was mild they have the occurrence and causes of noncompliance with depression, 63–72 was moderate depression, and more than immunosuppressive drugs. Provide appropriate treatment 73 was severe depression. measures. 2.3. Observation Index 2.3.5. Self-Management Ability. -e self-management ability was investigated with self-made questionnaire [15]. 2.3.1. Satisfaction. After consulting the literature and ex- -e scale included regular review, reasonable diet, taking perts’ discussion, we designed patients’ follow-up satisfac- medicine on time according to doctor’s advice, sleep, and tion, with a total of 10 items, and recorded patients’ exercise.-etotalscorewas100points.-ehigherthescore, satisfaction with follow-up management mode, health ed- the higher the self-management ability. ucation, medical and nursing service, and appointment 4 Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2.3.6. Quality of Life Scale. -e quality of life scale includes discharge was higher compared to the control group four subscales, namely, physical, psychological, social, and (P<0.05). All the data results are indicated in Table 3. health self-awareness, with a total of 29 items [16]. Cron- bach’s α coeﬃcient of the scale is 0.79 to 0.91. -e scale was 3.6. Comparison of Quality of Life Scores. Before nursing, the scored 1–5 grades. -e lower the score, the higher the scores of quality of life exhibited no signiﬁcant diﬀerence satisfaction. (P>0.05); after nursing, they decreased. Moreover, the scores of physiological function, psychological function, 2.4. Statistical Analysis. Using SPSS 21.0 statistical software, social function, and health self-cognition in the study group before statistical analysis, the measurement data were tested werelowercomparedtothecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Allthe bynormaldistributionandvariancehomogeneityanalysisto data results are indicated in Table 4. meet the requirements of normal distribution or approxi- mate normal distribution, expressed as x ±s, and repeated 4. Discussion measurement data were analyzed by repeated measurement analysisofvariance. T-testwasemployedtocomparethetwo ESRD is one of the important diseases that threaten the groups, n (%) was employed as an example to represent the safety of human life, and its morbidity and mortality are counting data, and χ test was employed to indicate that the relatively high. With the maturity of organ transplantation statistically signiﬁcant diﬀerence (P<0.05). technology, renal transplantation plays a great role in saving patients’ lives and improving the quality of life [16]. 3. Results However, long-term medication is still needed after oper- ation, and the probability of complications is also very high, 3.1. Comparison of Nursing Satisfaction. Comparing the so it is particularly importantto provide continuous care for nursing satisfaction, we found that the study group was very patients discharged from renal transplantation. It is nec- satisﬁedin24cases,satisﬁedin5cases,andgeneralin1case, essary to take eﬀective measures to strengthen nursing in- with a satisfaction rate of 100.00%; the control group was tervention and improve the sense of self-eﬃcacy [17]. HBM very satisﬁed in 14 cases, satisﬁed in 10 cases, general in 1 istheearliesttheoreticalmodeladoptedintheinterpretation case, and dissatisﬁed in 5 cases. -e satisfaction rate was ofindividualhealthbehavior.Atpresent,itiswidelyadopted 83.33%. Moreover, the nursing satisfaction in the study in the interpretation, prediction, and intervention of health group was higher compared to the control group (P<0.05). behavior. -e model was proposed by the American psy- All the data results are indicated in Figure 1. chologist Rosenstock in 1966 and applied to the ﬁeld of public health to explain why some people refuse to perform certain health-friendly behaviors, including perception of 3.2. Comparison of Self-Burden Score. With regard to the disease susceptibility and severity, perceived beneﬁts and scores of self-burdens, before nursing, there was no sig- obstacles of healthy behavior, and cues [18]. As proposed by niﬁcantdiﬀerence(P>0.05).-ephysicalburden,economic JanzandBecker,inthismodel,perceivedbehavioralbeneﬁts burden, and emotional burden of the study group were and barriers are subtracted from each other and directly lower compared to the control group (P<0.01). All the data aﬀectbehavior[19].Itissuggestedthatfuturestudiesshould results are indicated in Table 1. focus on more complex causal relationships such as health motivation andstudy theinteraction betweenvariables[20]. 3.3. Comparison of Drug Compliance. Concerning the drug -e HBM is mainly composed of three parts: personal compliance, the rates of unmissed medication, noncontin- perception, corrective factors, and possibility of behavior uous missed medication, timely medication, dose-by-dose [20, 21]. -e main results are as follows: (1) Personal per- medication, and non-self-stopping medication in the study ception includes perception of disease susceptibility and groupwerehighercomparedtothecontrolgroup(P<0.05). severity of the disease. When individuals realize the sus- All the data results are indicated in Figure 2. ceptibility and severity of the disease, that is, when they perceive the threat of the disease to themselves, they urge people to adopt healthy behavior or conduct disease 3.4. SAS and SDS Score Comparison. -e scores of SAS and screening. (2) Corrective factors refer to the factors that SDS exhibited no signiﬁcant diﬀerence (P>0.05) before inﬂuence and modify an individual’s perception of disease, nursing; after nursing, they decreased. Furthermore, the including demographic variables, such as age, gender, and scores of SAS and SDS of the study group were lower race; sociopsychologicalvariables,suchaspersonality,social comparedtothecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Allthedataresults status, and pressure from colleagues or groups; and struc- are indicated in Table 2. tural variables, such as personal disease knowledge and disease experience. Prompt factors, such as individual’s own 3.5. Comparison of Self-Management Ability. -e self- symptomsofdiscomfort,publicityinthemassmedia,advice management ability exhibited no signiﬁcant diﬀerence fromrelativesandfriends,remindersfrommedicalstaﬀ,and (P>0.05) before nursing; after nursing, it increased. In family or friends suﬀering from the disease can aﬀect an addition, the self-management ability of the study group at individual’s perception of the threat of disease. (3) -e discharge and 1month, 3months, and 6months after possibility of behavior includes perceiving the beneﬁts of Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 5 Very compliant comply with Noncompliance Dissatisﬁed control group Research group Figure 1: Comparison of nursing satisfaction between the two groups. Table 1: Comparison of the scores of self-burden between the two groups [x± s, points]. Physical burden Economic burden Emotional burden Group N Before nursing After nursing Before nursing After nursing Before nursing After nursing a a a C group 30 18.43±3.55 15.49±3.31 16.59±1.24 10.28±1.22 14.32±1.33 11.56±1.53 b b b R group 30 18.64±3.41 11.21±1.21 16.54±1.56 3.56±0.66 14.67±1.24 7.43±1.22 t 0.233 6.651 0.137 26.535 1.504 11.559 P ＞0.05 ＜0.01 ＞0.05 ＜0.01 ＞0.05 ＜0.01 a b Note. Compared with the control group before and after nursing, P<0.05; compared with the study group before and after nursing, P<0.05. No missed Continuous missed take medicine on Take medicine Did not stop taking medication medication time according to dosage it by oneself. control group Research group Figure 2: Comparison of medication compliance between the two groups. 6 Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging Table 2: Comparison of SAS and SDS scores between the two groups [x± s, points]. SAS SDS Group N Before nursing After nursing Before nursing After nursing a a C group 30 64.29±3.66 54.93±3.65 76.59±4.31 65.97±4.35 b b R group 30 64.34±3.52 41.29±3.31 76.42±4.67 43.19±4.54 t 0.053 15.162 0.146 19.843 P ＞0.05 ＜0.01 ＞0.05 ＜0.01 a b Note. Compared with the control group before and after nursing, P<0.05; compared with the study group before and after nursing, P<0.05. Table 3: Comparison of self-management ability between the two groups of patients [x± s, points]. 3 months Group N Before nursing When discharged from the hospital 1 month after discharge after 6 months after discharge discharge C group 30 54.91±3.31 60.49±3.74 67.48±4.75 76.59±3.75 81.72±3.66 R group 30 54.69±3.45 67.38±3.55 74.92±3.35 80.54±4.12 89.49±3.31 T 0.252 7.318 7.010 3.883 8.624 P ＜0.01 ＜0.01 ＜0.01 ＜0.01 ＜0.01 Table 4: Comparison of quality of life scores between the two groups before treatment [x± s, points]. Physiological function Psychological function Social function Healthy self-cognition Group N Before Before Before Before After nursing After nursing After nursing After nursing nursing nursing nursing nursing 30 15.84±4.64 13.66±2.54a 16.12±3.44 14.85±4.86a 18.12±3.66 16.55±2.77a 15.42±3.23 13.85±1.33 group Rgroup 30 15.13±4.64 11.66±2.67b 16.55±3.53 12.81±1.85b 18.23±3.64 12.12±3.77b 15.55±3.33 10.13±2.64 T 0.592 2.972 0.477 2.148 0.116 5.186 0.153 6.892 P ＞0.05 ＜0.01 ＞0.05 ＜0.01 ＞0.05 ＜0.01 ＞0.05 ＜0.01 a b Note. Compared with the control group before and after nursing, P<0.05; compared with the study group before and after nursing, P<0.05. healthy behavior and perceiving the barriers to performing concluded that renal transplant recipients with higher healthy behavior and self-eﬃcacy. When individuals per- perception of medication disorders worry more about the ceive the more beneﬁts and fewer obstacles of adopting useofimmunosuppressivedrugs,thosewithlowself-control healthy behaviors and have the conﬁdence to complete and lower life satisfaction are more likely to disobey in- healthy behaviors, they are more likely to adopt healthy structions, and the most common reason for drug non- behaviors [22]. compliance is forgetting [27, 28]. -e study pointed out that In terms of compliance, some scholars have discussed the medication disorders perceived by renal transplant re- women’scompliancewithbreastimagingexaminationbased cipients with poor compliance were mainly changes in daily living habits and lack of money. It is suggested that drug- on HBM [23]. -e results showed that the less perception of the beneﬁts of breast cancer screening, perceptual disorders, taking behavior should be integrated into daily life and contingency plans should be made [28]. In 2017, some and family history of breast cancer were important factors aﬀecting compliance [23, 24]. In the studies of other scholars pointed out that factors related to health beliefs scholars, based on this model, the inﬂuencing factors in such as perception of immunosuppressive drug disorders, medication compliance in patients with schizophrenia were long-term drug self-eﬃcacy, drug treatment satisfaction, comprehensively analyzed, and it was pointed out that in- perceiveddrugknowledge,andsocialsupportwereanalyzed dividualized evaluation and treatment were the best [24]. By toexploretheimpactondrugcomplianceofrenaltransplant exploring the inﬂuencing factors in patients’ compliance recipients[29].-eresultsshowedthatthemaininﬂuencing with antihypertensive drugs, some scholars point out that factors of drug compliance of renal transplant recipients self-eﬃcacy is the most important factor, and patients’ were drug taking disorder and social support. -e main obstacles for patients to take drugs are the shape of the drug compliance can be enhanced by strengthening self-eﬃcacy [25]. Some scholars have also studied the compliance with itself, the sideeﬀects of thedrug, and thecomplexity of drug anticoagulants in patients with cardiac valve replacement, treatment. -e more serious the patient’s medication dis- and the results demonstrate that self-eﬃcacy and perceptual order is, the worse the medication compliance is [29, 30]. behaviordisordersaresigniﬁcantinﬂuencingfactors[26].In In terms of the intervention based on the HBM, some the ﬁeld of renal transplantation, in 2012, some scholars scholars have evaluated the eﬀectiveness of the intervention discussed the factors that may aﬀect the drug compliance of measuresinimprovingcomplianceguidedbytheHBM[30]. renal transplant recipients based on HBM [27]. It is -estudyconcludedthatperceptualdisordersandperceived Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 7 medication experience, clearing up their confusion, giving beneﬁts in the HBM are always powerful factors in pre- dicting behavior. Some scholars have pointed out that the them emotional support, and encouraging them to actively manage medication behavior. intervention measures based on behavior change theory can improve the compliance of the elderly [30, 31]. -e results Conclusively, the nursing intervention based on HBM indicate that, for compliance intervention studies, there are can enhance the medication compliance of renal transplant diﬀerences in the use of diﬀerent research theories and the recipients,andtheinterventioneﬀectisdurable.Meanwhile, eﬀect of intervention. Han et al. have indicated that CD- itcaneﬀectivelystrengthenthenegativeemotionofpatients, ROM education and motivational telephone interviews can reduce the burden of self-feeling, enhance the quality of life, improve the blood pressure and medication compliance facilitate the self-management of patients, and promote the prognosis. behavior of patients with diabetes and kidney disease, but the diﬀerence is not signiﬁcant and needs to be further improved [31]. Gu et al. applied this model to implement Data Availability long-distance health education through mobile client app, which signiﬁcantly enhanced the compliance of breast No data were used to support this study. cancer patients with endocrine therapy [32]. Zhao et al. apply health education based on HBM to improve drug Conflicts of Interest compliance of pulmonary tuberculosis patients [33]. Most of the intervention studies based on HBM are in the form of -e authors declare that they have no conﬂicts of interest. health education, which is a single-dimensional interven- tion, and there is no intervention research on drug com- References pliance of renal transplant recipients based on HBM in China. In terms of the results of this study, nursing inter- [1] X.LuandJ.Liu,“Studyontheapplicationofscanningglucose vention based on HBM is patient-centered, focusing on monitoring system in blood glucose management of patients stimulating patients’ internal potential, arousing their en- after renal transplantation,” Nursing Research, vol. 35, no. 23, thusiasm and initiative, changing their behavior and con- pp. 4218–4221, 2021. sciousness, and improving the clinical outcome of renal [2] C. Jiang, J. Xiao, X. Wang, and Q. Xiao, “Correlation between transplant recipients. -e results indicated that the scores of psychological status, social support and quality of life of renal self-perceivedburden,SDS,andSASinthestudygroupwere transplant recipients,” Nursing Research, vol. 35, no. 19, pp. 3530–3533, 2021. signiﬁcantly lower compared to the control group after [3] N. Krishnan, A. Aisha, M. Nandhini et al., “HLA antibody intervention (P<0.05), which fully shows that the nursing incompatible renal transplantation: long-term outcomes model based on HBM is suitable for the nursing process of similar to deceased donor transplantation,” Transplantation patients afterrenal transplantation andhelpsto forma good Direct, vol. 7, no. 8, pp. 441–445, 2021. cooperative relationship between nurses and patients. [4] S.Hu,X.Wang,X.Xiaoetal.,“Metaintegrationofqualitative Nursing intervention based on HBM can stimulate patients’ studyonself-managementneedsofrenaltransplantpatients,” motivation to change their behavior and urge them to as- Nursing Research, vol. 35, no. 13, pp. 2316–2321, 2021. sume the responsibility of self-management by clarifying [5] A. O. Mosqueda, E. E. L. Hernandez, ´ G. C. Morales, and problems, making steps, and implementing plans after L. J. M.J. P.H. E.O. D. H. Navarro, “Association betweenthe communicating with patients. In this model, nurses have placement of a double-J catheter and the risk of urinary tract infection in renal transplantation recipients: a retrospective changed their leading role and put more emphasis on cohort study of 1038 patients,” Transplantation Proceedings, helping patients learn all aspects of relevant knowledge and vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 1927–1932, 2021. distinguish the pros and cons of their behavior. Providing [6] A. Ziad, Al T. Khalefa, A. Abdulrahman et al., “-e impact of patients with problem-solving solutions directly is not ad- timing of stent removal on the incidence of UTI, recurrence, vocated, which can eﬀectively enhance the self-management symptomatology, resistance, and hospitalization in renal ability of patients and be more scientiﬁc. -is study indi- transplant recipients,” Journal of Transplantation, vol. 31, cated that the scores of physical function, social function, no. 31, pp. 313–317, 2021. rolefunction,andcognitivefunctioninthestudygroupwere [7] Y. Li, B. Wu, X. Li, Q. Zhou, and Y. Li, “Research on mental higher compared to the control group, and the drug com- stress recognition of depressive disorders in patients with plianceinthestudygroupwassigniﬁcantlyhighercompared androgenic alopecia based on machine learning and fuzzy to the control group (P<0.05). -is indicates that the K-means clustering,” Frontiers in Genetics, vol.12, Article ID 751791, 2021. nursing intervention based on HBM can help patients ef- [8] P. Gavriilidis, J. O’Callaghan, J. Hunter, and C. D. Fernando, fectively restore the function of renal transplantation and “Allograft nephrectomy versus nonallograft nephrectomy promotethequalityoflife.-ereasonmaybethataccording after failed renal transplantation: a systematic review by to the guidance of HBM, this study implements compre- updated meta-analysis,” Transplant International, vol. 34, hensive nursing intervention of health education, behavior no. 8, pp. 1374–1385, 2021. change, and emotional intervention, while providing [9] P. Zhang, X. Zhu, Y. Jin, and L. Jia, “Identiﬁcation of im- knowledge of drugs and diseases to renal transplant recip- munosuppressivemedicationnonadherencefactorsthrougha ients,payingattentiontosolvingtheirmedicationdisorders, combined theory model in renal transplant recipients,” holding monthly face-to-face interviews to mobilize their Frontiers in Pharmacology, vol. 12, no. 43, pp. 4819–4823, subjective initiative to a certain extent, listening to their 2021. 8 Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging [10] H. Ma, J. Cao, and M. Li, “Application of PDCA process death after renal transplantation: role of pretransplant risk factors,” Clinical and Experimental Nephrology, vol. 25, no. 5, management in day operation ward and the inﬂuence of nursingqualityandsafety,” Computational and Mathematical pp. 63–66, 2021. [25] J. Posselt, B. Harbeck, A. Rahvar, and P. C. S. Kropp, “Im- Methods in Medicine, vol. 2022, pp. 1–8, Article ID 8169963, 2022. proved cognitive function after kidney transplantation compared to hemodialysis,” <erapeutic Apheresis and Di- [11] M.D.S.Pedroso-Chaparro,I.Cabrera,M.Marquez-Gonz ´ alez ´ alysis, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 931–938, 2021. et al., “Validation of the guilt associated with self-perception [26] E. Gorgov, S. Rayman, I. Carmeli, and A. Keidar, “Laparo- as a burden scale (G-SPBS),” Behavioural and Cognitive scopic single anastomosis gastric bypass for morbid obesity Psychotherapy, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 185–196, 2021. following renal transplantation: a case,” Obesity Surgery, [12] M. Yazin, K. Tim, and H. Ahmed, “Renal transplantation vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 160–165, 2021. against a positive crossmatch due to HLA-DP donor-speciﬁc [27] R. Demirci and O. Akyuz, “Comparison of serum monocide antibodies without prior antibody removal – case report,” chemoattractant protein levels with immunosuppressive Transplantation Reports, vol. 42, no. 66, pp. 693–695, 2021. therapy protocols in patients with renal transplantation,” [13] A. AlEnazi Naif, S. Ahmad Khaled, and A. Elsamahy Ilham, Bratislavske Lekarske Listy, vol.122, no. 3, pp. 623–628, 2021. “Feasibility and impact of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy [28] K. Brinda, M. Raj, S. Agrawal et al., “Role of therapeutic after renal transplantation on comorbidities, graft function plasma exchange in acute humoral rejection patients un- and quality of life,” BMC Surgery, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 56–59, dergoing live-related renal transplantation: a single-center experience,” Asian Journal of Transfusion Science, vol. 15, [14] Q.Zhou,Y.Yu,W.Qinetal.,“Currentstatusofultrasoundin no. 1, pp. 529–531, 2021. acute rejection after renal transplantation: a review with a [29] T. Zhang, A. Chu, Q. Xu, Y. Fang, L. Yang, and H. Zhang, focus on contrast-enhanced ultrasound,” Annals of Trans- “Researchprogressonriskfactorsofbodyweightincreaseand plantation, vol. 26, no. 32, pp. 641–647, 2021. non-drug intervention strategies in renal transplant recipi- [15] N.Laura,L.Peters,T.Daria,andZ.Tanja,“Couplesafterrenal ents,” Nursing Management in China, vol. 20, no. 12, transplantation: impact of sex and relationship quality on pp. 1881–1885, 2020. adherence in a prospective study,” Transplantation Proceed- [30] K.Xiao,B.Gu,S.Zhaoetal.,“Toconstructthepreventionand ings, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 542–546, 2021. management model of venous thromboembolism in renal [16] S.Murat,A.Sema,A.Utku,K.Hakan,M.Uyar,andS.Sevmis, transplant recipients based on the achieved quality control “Risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of lymphocele after circle,” Nursing Research, vol.34, no. 21,pp. 3910–3913, 2020. renal transplantation: a retrospective study,” Transplantation [31] M. Han, H. Liu, Y. Hu et al., “-e relationship between ex- Proceedings, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 549–553, 2021. ercise intention and exercise behavior in renal transplant [17] N. Anjum and N. Zahid, “-e beneﬁcial role of anti-phos- recipients: the mediating eﬀect of exercise program,” Nursing pholipase A2 receptor auto-antibodies and rituximab in the Research, vol. 34, no. 09, pp. 1525–1529, 2020. managementof recurrentprimarymembranousnephropathy [32] E. Maﬃni, L. Giaccone, M. Festuccia, L. Brunello, A. Busca, after kidney transplantation,” Journal of Ayub Medical Col- and B. Bruno, “Treatment of CMV infection after allogeneic lege, Abbottabad : Journal de l’Association Medicale Cana- hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,” Expert Review of dienne, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 176–179, 2021. Hematology, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 585–596, 2016. [18] S. Maurizio and T. Aris, “Fertility and pregnancy in end stage [33] S. Zhao, M. Zhou, and B. Gu, “Advances in metabolic dis- kidney failure patients and after renal transplantation: an orders caused by immunosuppressants and nursing inter- update,” Transplantology, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 6591–6595, 2021. vention in adult renal transplantation patients,” Nursing [19] T.Surabhi,N.Rajesh,S.Sandeep,andM.Anil,“Prevalenceof Research, vol. 34, no. 03, pp. 470–472, 2020. posttransplant anemia in patients undergoing renal trans- plantation at a tertiary care center in Kerala - a prospective observational study,” Indian Journal of Transplantation, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 541–546, 2021. [20] C. Rong, Q. Chang, and X. Wu, “Fine nursing care of living donor kidney transplantation patients with ABO blood group incompatibility,” Nursing Research, vol. 35, no. 05, pp. 934– 936, 2021. [21] C. Roberta, T. Corrado, G. Roberta et al., “Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined signiﬁcance coexisting in patients undergoing kidney transplantation does not ad- versely inﬂuencepost-graft clinical outcome,” Clinical Kidney Journal, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 593–596, 2021. [22] B. -omas, B. Emmanuel, M. Aliz ee, ´ F. Gaelle, and G. Laurent, “Characteristics of T and NK-cell lymphomas after renal transplantation: a French national multicentric cohort study,” Transplantation, vol. 105, no. 8, pp. 541–546, [23] J. Rankin Alastair and B. Mark Patrick, “Cardiac screening prior to renal transplantation—good intentions, rather than goodevidence,dictatepractice,” Kidney International,vol.99, no. 2, pp. 591–595, 2021. [24] J. J. G. De Lima, W. G. Luis Henrique, D. N. Elias, and A. B. Luiz, “Early cardiovascular events and cardiovascular

Journal

Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging – Hindawi Publishing Corporation

Published: May 5, 2022

Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 14-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

Effects of Nursing Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Self-Perceived Burden, Drug Compliance, and Quality of Life of Renal Transplant Recipients

Effects of Nursing Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Self-Perceived Burden, Drug Compliance, and Quality of Life of Renal Transplant Recipients

Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 14-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

Effects of Nursing Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Self-Perceived Burden, Drug Compliance, and Quality of Life of Renal Transplant Recipients

Effects of Nursing Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Self-Perceived Burden, Drug Compliance, and Quality of Life of Renal Transplant Recipients

References (36)

Abstract

Journal

Recommended Articles

There are no references for this article.

Our policy towards the use of cookies