Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
Marie McAuliffe, B. Khadria (2019)
1 Report overview: Providing perspective on migration and mobility in increasingly uncertain timesWorld Migration Report, 2020
B. Salami, M. Yaskina, K. Hegadoren, E. Diaz, S. Meherali, A. Rammohan, Y. Ben-Shlomo (2017)
Migration and social determinants of mental health: Results from the Canadian Health Measures SurveyCanadian Journal of Public Health, 108
D. Clarke, A. Colantonio, A. Rhodes, M. Escobar (2007)
Pathways to suicidality across ethnic groups in Canadian adults: the possible role of social stressPsychological Medicine, 38
Steven Kennedy, M. Kidd, J. McDonald, N. Biddle (2015)
The Healthy Immigrant Effect: Patterns and Evidence from Four CountriesJournal of International Migration and Integration, 16
Kyunghwa Kwak, F. Rudmin (2014)
Adolescent health and adaptation in Canada: examination of gender and age aspects of the healthy immigrant effectInternational Journal for Equity in Health, 13
(2013)
Making the case for investing in mental health in Canada
V. Baćak, S. Ólafsdóttir (2017)
Gender and validity of self-rated health in nineteen European countriesScandinavian Journal of Public Health, 45
Kathryn Chadwick, P. Collins (2015)
Examining the relationship between social support availability, urban center size, and self-perceived mental health of recent immigrants to Canada: a mixed-methods analysis.Social science & medicine, 128
Camilla Michalski, L. Diemert, J. Helliwell, V. Goel, L. Rosella (2020)
Relationship between sense of community belonging and self-rated health across life stagesSSM - Population Health, 12
(2000)
Gender differences in depression: critical review
D. Browne, Aarti Kumar, Sofia Puente-Duran, K. Georgiades, G. Leckie, J. Jenkins (2017)
Emotional problems among recent immigrants and parenting status: Findings from a national longitudinal study of immigrants in CanadaPLoS ONE, 12
(2016)
African immigrant women's experience in host societies: a scoping review
C. Lu, E. Ng (2019)
Healthy immigrant effect by immigrant category in Canada
M. Beiser, F. Hou (2017)
Predictors of positive mental health among refugees: Results from Canada’s General Social SurveyTranscultural Psychiatry, 54
Richard Carpiano, P. Hystad (2011)
"Sense of community belonging" in health surveys: what social capital is it measuring?Health & place, 17 2
P. Moriconi, L. Nadeau (2015)
A Cross-Sectional Study of Self-Rated Health among Older Adults: Association with Drinking Profiles and Other Determinants of HealthCurrent Gerontology and Geriatrics Research, 2015
Batholomew Chireh, C. D’Arcy (2018)
Pain and self-rated health among middle-aged and older Canadians: an analysis of the Canadian community health survey―healthy agingBMC Public Health, 18
G. Schellenberg, Chaohui Lu, Christoph Schimmele, F. Hou (2018)
The Correlates of Self-Assessed Community Belonging in Canada: Social Capital, Neighbourhood Characteristics, and RootednessSocial Indicators Research, 140
Mahin Delara (2016)
Social Determinants of Immigrant Women’s Mental Health, 2016
(2020)
World migration report 2020: report overview: providing perspective on migration and mobility in increasingly uncertain times
(2007)
Canadian community health survey (CCHS)
Peter Kitchen, Allison Williams, Melissa Gallina (2015)
Sense of belonging to local community in small-to-medium sized Canadian urban areas: a comparison of immigrant and Canadian-born residentsBMC Psychology, 3
M. Gotsens, D. Malmusi, Nazmy Villarroel, C. Vives‐Cases, I. García-Subirats, C. Hernando, C. Borrell (2015)
Health inequality between immigrants and natives in Spain: the loss of the healthy immigrant effect in times of economic crisis.European journal of public health, 25 6
L. Fortuna, K. Alvarez, Z. Ortiz, Ye Wang, X. Alegría, B. Cook, M. Alegría (2016)
Mental health, migration stressors and suicidal ideation among Latino immigrants in Spain and the United StatesEuropean Psychiatry, 36
B. Hagerty, J. Lynch-Sauer, Kathleen Patusky, Maria Bouwsema, Peggy Collier (1992)
Sense of belonging: a vital mental health concept.Archives of psychiatric nursing, 6 3
Y. Béland (2002)
Canadian community health survey--methodological overview.Health reports, 13 3
K. Kwak (2016)
An evaluation of the healthy immigrant effect with adolescents in Canada: Examinations of gender and length of residence.Social science & medicine, 157
Rebecca Pitt, J. Sherman, M. Macdonald (2015)
Low-income working immigrant families in Quebec: Exploring their challenges to well-beingCanadian Journal of Public Health, 106
(2017)
Immigration and ethnocultural diversity: key results from the 2016 census
Jason Schnittker, V. Baćak (2014)
The Increasing Predictive Validity of Self-Rated HealthPLoS ONE, 9
The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between immigrants’ sense of community belonging and self-rated general and mental health status in Canada as well as estimate how this relationship is moderated by sex differences.Design/methodology/approachThis cross-sectional study used pooled data from seven cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey (N = 98,011) conducted between 2005 and 2018. Data were pooled to increase the sample size of the immigrant population. The surveys covered content areas such as well-being, sociodemographic, chronic diseases, self-rated general and mental health. A binary logistic regression fitted the model. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were performed between predictor variables and immigrants’ self-rated general and mental health. Descriptive statistics and adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Sex differences were also assessed.FindingsThis study found that slightly more than half of the respondents were female (53.2%). Generally, immigrants with a weak sense of community belonging were more likely to rate their general and mental health as poor although the association is stronger in mental health. Also factors such as older age, lower educational level, those single or never married, smoking status, physical inactivity, overweight or obesity and life stress were predictors of both poor self -rated general and mental health among immigrants. Sex differences in these risk factors were also noted.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has several limitations that should be noted. The first limitation is the fact that causality cannot be deduced due to the cross-sectional nature of our pooled data. Secondly, responses from this data are subject to recall bias given that the data were self-reported. Therefore, the interpretation of these results must be done with caution. Further, questions regarding the primary exposure variable of this study were restrictive. The definition of the local community which forms part of the one-item community belonging question did not define what is meant by local community, and as such, the question might be subject to different interpretations (i.e. urban or rural geography?). Lastly, this study’s findings did not stratify immigrants into countries or continents of origin. Immigrants from some countries or continents may be more prone to mental health than others.Originality/valueThis study shows a link between weak immigrants’ sense of community belonging and poor self-rated general and mental health status in Canada and provides suggestive evidence of how contextual factors influence health outcomes differently in society.
International Journal of Migration Health and Social Care – Emerald Publishing
Published: Oct 12, 2022
Keywords: Community belonging; Immigrants; Mental health; Population health; Self-rated health; Sex differences
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.