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The Heavenly Anthem: Holy Ghost Singing in the Primal Pentecostal Revival (1906-1909) Jon Michael Spencer* "I will sings with the spirit, and I will sing with the understanding also." Historians and theologians writing on the genesis of Pentecostalism typically eannark the prolonged Los Angeles revival which commenced at 312 Azusa Street in April 1906 . The factor which initially distinguished Pentecostalism from its precursors (the Holiness movement, Revivalism, and Black religion), was the doctrine of evidential glossolalia (viz., that tongues is the necessary evidence of Spirit-baptism). The activity which further differentiated Pente costalism was "singing in the spirit" or singing in tongues. Indeed tongue singing had occurred previously among such religious groups as the Shakers and Mormons, but only during the Second Pentecost did it procure a well wrought hermeneutic which secured world-wide promulgation through Pente costal publications. Yet, most scholars have ignored tongue-singing, or have only commented on it cursorily. They have seemingly presupposed that spoken and sung glossolalia were identical. Only theologically were they identical; interpretatively they were quite distinct. Failing to realize this, they have not only neglected to identify the two fundamental means of glossolalic vocali zation, but an entire world of Pentecostal thought .
Black Sacred Music – Duke University Press
Published: Mar 1, 1987
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