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1 I use the neologism âgynomorphic,â which is the specifically female form of âanthropomorphic,â because in most nineteenth-century versions of the story the inanimate figure is female. COMPARATIVE LITERATURE /292 This overview perhaps requires some explanation and qualification. First, by âliteratureâ I mean primarily prose fiction. The short story was the most prevalent narrative form of the nineteenth-century fantastic, practiced by Balzac, Gogol, Hawthorne, Maupassant and Poe, among others. Pygmalionesque desires are also represented in novellas and novels, such as Mary Shelleyâs Frankenstein (181718), which is contemporaneous with âDer Sandmann,â and fin-de-siècle texts including LâEve future and Oscar Wildeâs Picture of Dorian Gray (1891). Furthermore, although some of these texts might encourage us to distinguish between the animation of organic and inorganic matter (bodies and body parts versus the painting in Wildeâs novel, for instance), I believe that their similaritiesâboth are âdeadâ (literally or figuratively) when they are inanimateâoutweigh their differences.2 Consequently, I will treat a reanimated corpse as analogous to a statue come to life because both challenge the distinctions between life and nonlife. The frequency of hybrid organic/inorganic forms, as in âDer Sandmannâ and Frankenstein, supports this approach. The third issue I want to clarify is
Comparative Literature – Duke University Press
Published: Jan 1, 2000
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