Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 14-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

Learning by Researching – Students enhance perfusionist’s workplace with data glasses in internships

Learning by Researching – Students enhance perfusionist’s workplace with data glasses in internships Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 2019;5(1):127-130 Leonard Pawelzik*, Elisabeth Ibenthal, Claus Backhaus Learning by Researching – Students enhance perfusionist’s workplace with data glasses in internships Abstract: A new internship for the module human factors 1 Situation engineering of the study course biomedical engineering was developed on the concept of learning by researching According to Wilhelm von Humboldt, learning by researching combining the transfer of knowledge with gathering new and combines the transfer of knowledge and gathering new and publishable findings. publishable findings. Students pass the research cycle, investigating whether Learning by researching differs from other forms of perfusionists strain can be reduced by utilizing data glasses. learning by the fact, that students design, experience and Corresponding to the concept of cooperative learning, students reflect a research project in all essential phases of the research (n = 40) are divided into teams of five, giving each member a cycle. These phases comprise the development of questions predefined expert role. Each expert is responsible either for and hypotheses, the choice and implementation of methods to physiological measurements, the perfusionists workspace, the examination and the presentation of results [1]. Further, planning of usability tests, data glasses applications or team insights of the examined research issue are always relevant for leading. third parties. Following the research cycle, milestones are set at which the The research cycle according to Huber [1] consists of teams present partial results to the entire group. Initially, eight steps: students immerse in the field of research by reviewing 1. Perception of the initial problem literature. They prepare and present research hypotheses and 2. Definition of research questions select one for their investigation. Proximately, each team 3. Development of theoretical approaches develops and introduces their research design. Teams organize 4. Selection and acquisition of methods themselves with planning test days and inviting subjects (n ≥ 5. Development of the research design 10 each team). Finally, results are presented in group and 6. Conducting a research activity collated by each team in a scientific paper. Every team reviews 7. Analysis and presentation of results a scientific paper from another team and returns it before they 8. Reflection of the process are send in for grading. Evaluation shows higher workloads for students, but also The main advantages and disadvantages of learning by relevant and interesting input. Two groups publish their papers researching are summarized in Table 1. While deep level in scientific journals. learning and the promotion of action competences are desired Keywords: learning by researching, cooperative learning, in teaching, high workloads for students and supervisors or the complex concept may be responsible that the concept of data glasses, perfusionist, human factors engineering learning by researching is not extensively propagated. https://doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2019-0033 Table 1: Main advantages and disadvantages of learning by researching [1, 2]. Advantages Disadvantages ______ Insights into current research by Complex and demanding *Corresponding author: Leonard Pawelzik: Centre for combining research and teaching teaching-learning concept Ergonomics and Medical Engineering, FH Münster, Bürgerkamp Teaching does justice to student Carefully planning is 3, 48565 Steinfurt, Germany, e-mail: leonard.pawelzik@fh- diversity necessary muenster.de Deep level learning High workload Elisabeth Ibenthal, Claus Backhaus: Centre for Ergonomics and Medical Engineering, FH Münster, Bürgerkamp 3, 48565 Steinfurt, Promotion of action competences Germany Open Access. © 2019 Leonard Pawelzik et al., published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. L. Pawelzik et al. . . . , . Learning by Researching – Students enhance perfusionist’s workplace with data glasses in internships — 128 Though it was also mentioned by the The data glasses experts work out the state of technology Bundesassistentenkonferenz in 1970 [3], learning by of data glasses, learn how to use the Epson Moverio BT-300, researching is still not comprehensively acknowledged and coordinate their work with the cardiotechnology experts to transferred in engineering science. understand the workflows and support the usability experts in The newly created module Human Factors Engineering II designing the test scenarios. is offered to master students of biomedical engineering and The cardiotechnology experts get used to the basics of industrial engineering in the department of physical cardiotechnology, build up the perfusionists’ workstation and engineering at Münster University of Applied Sciences. The visualize the work processes of the perfusionist for module aims to supplement the students’ contentual and coordination with the data glasses expert and support the methodological knowledge of ergonomics with contents in the usability expert in developing test scenarios. fields of biomedical technology. The module manual demands The usability experts familiarize themselves with the further [4]: basics of usability tests and the necessary technology. They "The students should become familiar with all important learn to use data glasses applications and to develop test basics for the analysis, evaluation and design of work. The scenarios in coordination with the cardiotechnology, internship is intended to be applied in the form of independent physiology and data glasses experts. projects and/or analytical practical course experiments". The team leaders are responsible for communication and Therefore, an internship based on the concepts of learning organisation within the team, documentation and submission by researching and cooperative learning is developed, in which of interim reports, definition of work packages and milestones students try to reduce the strain at perfusionists workplaces and the creation of a project schedule. Furthermore, they are using data glasses. responsible for the exchange of information with the supervisors as well as the organisation of usability tests and the acquisition of volunteers. In the first meeting, finding a research question was given 2 Methods as a homework to the teams. When presenting the results in a meeting, after a two-week familiarisation phase of the experts, The internship is structured following the research cycle the teams came up with their own compiled research issues according to Huber [1]. The initial problem is the high that were discussed and reviewed in the plenum. Afterwards, workload at perfusionists workplaces due to monitoring tasks each group developed hypotheses to examine in a usability [5]. The students will perform usability tests to investigate to test. what extent the use of data glasses can reduce the physical and The third step in the research cycle involves the psychological strain of perfusionists and which effects result development of information and theoretical approaches. from their use. Therefore, the teams searched for relevant literature and Milestones are set to discuss the initial problem, find a exchanged information within Ilias and the campus cloud research question, discuss the research designs and present the Sciebo. results. The supervisors give advice in the milestone-meetings The next step was the selection and acquisition of methods and are addressable for questions in the meantime. depending on the chosen research question. This was also done Utilizing the concept of cooperative learning, students are as a homework by the students. divided into teams of five giving each team member a After some general input to research designs, students predefined expert role [6]. Compilations with basic knowledge developed theoretical approaches for their research questions. of the scientific area and introducing papers are deposed in the The condition for conducting experiments was a sample of learning management system Ilias for all expert roles. The n ≥ 10. The research designs were presented and discussed in operating instructions of the measurement equipment and the another meeting two weeks later. template for the paper that will be submitted by the teams are Once all research designs had been finalised, the research also stored here. was conducted by the students. They independently organised The physiology experts familiarize themselves with the the necessary material, rooms and test persons. In order to have basics of movement and electrocardiogram measurements and sufficient subjects for all teams, every student had to take part learn how to operate the acquisition system Biopac MP 150. in two trials of other teams. They are responsible for recording and evaluating After the trials, results were processed and presented by measurement values during the trials and coordinate their the teams in plenum. In this session, students had the last work with the usability experts to support the design of test scenarios. L .Pawelzik et al .., Learning by Researching – Students enhance perfusionist’s workplace with data glasses in internships — 129 opportunity to get feedback about the evaluation of data and presentations at the milestones missing knowledge of students the description of their results in the paper they had to submit. about scientific research and statistics should be compensated. The reflection as the last step in the research cycle took The submitted papers show the relevance of the research place in the feedback session and in each discussion chapter of performed by students and the suitability of learning by the submitted papers. researching in teaching engineering sciences. The teams sent in their papers which were anonymized and randomly sent to another team. A check-list was developed to provide support for the students in the review process. After one week of review the teams had another week Author Statement to revise their paper and sent it in for grading. Two papers were Research funding: The author state no funding involved. submitted for publication, one already published [7]. Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest. The evaluation of the internship was carried out using Informed consent: Informed consent has been obtained from standardized questionnaires from the university. all individuals included in this study. Ethical approval: The research related to human use complies with all the relevant national regulations, institutional policies and was performed in accordance with the tenets of the 3 Results Helsinki Declaration. Students learned to model workplaces, as intended in the module manual, in a practical and cooperative way using References modern technologies and expanding their methodological skills. [1] Huber L. Warum Forschendes Lernen nötig und möglich ist (engl. Research-based learning is necessary and possible). In the evaluation, students assessed the workload as very In: Huber L, Hellmer J, Schneider F, editors. Forschendes high. Particularly at the beginning of the internship, the Lernen im Studium. Aktuelle Konzepte und Erfahrungen students were overburdened with the demands of the (engl. Research-based learning during studies. Current internship. Furthermore, students mentioned in the evaluation concepts and experiences). Bielefeld: UVW Webler; 2009. [2] Hellmer, J. Forschendes Lernen an Hamburger Hochschulen that relevant and interesting topics were offered which – Ein Überblick über Potentiale, Schwierigkeiten und compensated the disadvantages. The use of modern data Gelingensbedingungen (engl. Research-based Learning at glasses in the internship was also rated positively. Hamburg Universities - An Overview of Potential, Difficulties Additionally, it was a challenge for the students to deal and Conditions for Success). In: Huber L, Hellmer J, Schneider F, editors. Forschendes Lernen im Studium. with scientific working methods because they had not Aktuelle Konzepte und Erfahrungen (engl. Research-based previously been taught in the undergraduate courses. learning during studies. Current concepts and experiences). Bielefeld: UVW Webler, 2009. [3] Bundesassistentenkonferenz, Hochschuldidaktischer Ausschuss. Forschendes Lernen - wissenschaftliches 4 Discussion Prüfen: Ergebnisse der Arbeit des Ausschusses für Hochschuldidaktik (engl. Research-based learning - scientific testing: Results of the work of the Committee for Higher Students familiarised themselves with a new scientific Education Didactics). 2nd ed. Bonn: BAK; 1970. area and worked self-reliant on a research question on a current [4] FH Münster. Modulhandbuch für den Masterstudiengang topic. The digital organisation of all necessary rooms, Biomedizinische Technik an der Fachhochschule Münster information and measuring equipment ensured smooth test (engl. Module handbook for the Master's course in days. Biomedical Engineering at the Münster University of Applied Sciences). Version 2018.2, URL: https://www.fh- The problem of the high workload for the students will be muenster.de/pt/downloads/studierende/modulhandbuecher/ taken into account in the next semester by reducing the Modulhandbuch_Master_BMT_2018_2.pdf, last access technical effort on the measuring equipment and giving more 15.05.2019. prepared input to scientific research methods at the beginning. [5] Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin. TRBS 1151 - Gefährdungen an der Schnittstelle Mensch - Furthermore, a change in regulations and the creation of Arbeitsmittel - Ergonomische und menschliche Faktoren, new modules, especially for undergraduate students, is Arbeitssystem (engl. TRBS 1151 - Hazards at the human desirable to bring in knowledge of statistics, research designs interface - Work equipment - Ergonomic and human factors, and the procedure for literature researches. With short Work system). GMBl 2015. 340:17-18. [6] Brüning L, Saum T. Erfolgreich unterrichten durch Kooperatives Lernen: Strategien zur Schüleraktivierung L . Pawelzik et al ., Learning by Researching – Students enhance perfusionist’s workplace with data glasses in internships — 130 (engl. Successful Teaching through Cooperative Learning: der Medizintechnik - AR-Brillen als Assistenzsystem für die Strategies for Activating Students). 1st ed. Essen: Neue Kardiotechnik (engl. Augmented Reality in Medical Deutsche Schule Verlagsgesellschaft mbH; 2006. Technology - AR Glasses as an Assistance System for [7] Sannwaldt F, Huster C, Vincentz M, Sobkowicz S, Ewers A, Cardiotechnology). mt-Medizintechnik 2018. 138(6):15-1 Pawelzik L, Ibenthal E, Backhaus C. Augmented Reality in http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering de Gruyter

Learning by Researching – Students enhance perfusionist’s workplace with data glasses in internships

Download PDF
4 pages

Loading next page...
 
/lp/de-gruyter/learning-by-researching-students-enhance-perfusionist-s-workplace-with-iYFMiZ0y3T

References (2)

Publisher
de Gruyter
Copyright
© 2019 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
eISSN
2364-5504
DOI
10.1515/cdbme-2019-0033
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 2019;5(1):127-130 Leonard Pawelzik*, Elisabeth Ibenthal, Claus Backhaus Learning by Researching – Students enhance perfusionist’s workplace with data glasses in internships Abstract: A new internship for the module human factors 1 Situation engineering of the study course biomedical engineering was developed on the concept of learning by researching According to Wilhelm von Humboldt, learning by researching combining the transfer of knowledge with gathering new and combines the transfer of knowledge and gathering new and publishable findings. publishable findings. Students pass the research cycle, investigating whether Learning by researching differs from other forms of perfusionists strain can be reduced by utilizing data glasses. learning by the fact, that students design, experience and Corresponding to the concept of cooperative learning, students reflect a research project in all essential phases of the research (n = 40) are divided into teams of five, giving each member a cycle. These phases comprise the development of questions predefined expert role. Each expert is responsible either for and hypotheses, the choice and implementation of methods to physiological measurements, the perfusionists workspace, the examination and the presentation of results [1]. Further, planning of usability tests, data glasses applications or team insights of the examined research issue are always relevant for leading. third parties. Following the research cycle, milestones are set at which the The research cycle according to Huber [1] consists of teams present partial results to the entire group. Initially, eight steps: students immerse in the field of research by reviewing 1. Perception of the initial problem literature. They prepare and present research hypotheses and 2. Definition of research questions select one for their investigation. Proximately, each team 3. Development of theoretical approaches develops and introduces their research design. Teams organize 4. Selection and acquisition of methods themselves with planning test days and inviting subjects (n ≥ 5. Development of the research design 10 each team). Finally, results are presented in group and 6. Conducting a research activity collated by each team in a scientific paper. Every team reviews 7. Analysis and presentation of results a scientific paper from another team and returns it before they 8. Reflection of the process are send in for grading. Evaluation shows higher workloads for students, but also The main advantages and disadvantages of learning by relevant and interesting input. Two groups publish their papers researching are summarized in Table 1. While deep level in scientific journals. learning and the promotion of action competences are desired Keywords: learning by researching, cooperative learning, in teaching, high workloads for students and supervisors or the complex concept may be responsible that the concept of data glasses, perfusionist, human factors engineering learning by researching is not extensively propagated. https://doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2019-0033 Table 1: Main advantages and disadvantages of learning by researching [1, 2]. Advantages Disadvantages ______ Insights into current research by Complex and demanding *Corresponding author: Leonard Pawelzik: Centre for combining research and teaching teaching-learning concept Ergonomics and Medical Engineering, FH Münster, Bürgerkamp Teaching does justice to student Carefully planning is 3, 48565 Steinfurt, Germany, e-mail: leonard.pawelzik@fh- diversity necessary muenster.de Deep level learning High workload Elisabeth Ibenthal, Claus Backhaus: Centre for Ergonomics and Medical Engineering, FH Münster, Bürgerkamp 3, 48565 Steinfurt, Promotion of action competences Germany Open Access. © 2019 Leonard Pawelzik et al., published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. L. Pawelzik et al. . . . , . Learning by Researching – Students enhance perfusionist’s workplace with data glasses in internships — 128 Though it was also mentioned by the The data glasses experts work out the state of technology Bundesassistentenkonferenz in 1970 [3], learning by of data glasses, learn how to use the Epson Moverio BT-300, researching is still not comprehensively acknowledged and coordinate their work with the cardiotechnology experts to transferred in engineering science. understand the workflows and support the usability experts in The newly created module Human Factors Engineering II designing the test scenarios. is offered to master students of biomedical engineering and The cardiotechnology experts get used to the basics of industrial engineering in the department of physical cardiotechnology, build up the perfusionists’ workstation and engineering at Münster University of Applied Sciences. The visualize the work processes of the perfusionist for module aims to supplement the students’ contentual and coordination with the data glasses expert and support the methodological knowledge of ergonomics with contents in the usability expert in developing test scenarios. fields of biomedical technology. The module manual demands The usability experts familiarize themselves with the further [4]: basics of usability tests and the necessary technology. They "The students should become familiar with all important learn to use data glasses applications and to develop test basics for the analysis, evaluation and design of work. The scenarios in coordination with the cardiotechnology, internship is intended to be applied in the form of independent physiology and data glasses experts. projects and/or analytical practical course experiments". The team leaders are responsible for communication and Therefore, an internship based on the concepts of learning organisation within the team, documentation and submission by researching and cooperative learning is developed, in which of interim reports, definition of work packages and milestones students try to reduce the strain at perfusionists workplaces and the creation of a project schedule. Furthermore, they are using data glasses. responsible for the exchange of information with the supervisors as well as the organisation of usability tests and the acquisition of volunteers. In the first meeting, finding a research question was given 2 Methods as a homework to the teams. When presenting the results in a meeting, after a two-week familiarisation phase of the experts, The internship is structured following the research cycle the teams came up with their own compiled research issues according to Huber [1]. The initial problem is the high that were discussed and reviewed in the plenum. Afterwards, workload at perfusionists workplaces due to monitoring tasks each group developed hypotheses to examine in a usability [5]. The students will perform usability tests to investigate to test. what extent the use of data glasses can reduce the physical and The third step in the research cycle involves the psychological strain of perfusionists and which effects result development of information and theoretical approaches. from their use. Therefore, the teams searched for relevant literature and Milestones are set to discuss the initial problem, find a exchanged information within Ilias and the campus cloud research question, discuss the research designs and present the Sciebo. results. The supervisors give advice in the milestone-meetings The next step was the selection and acquisition of methods and are addressable for questions in the meantime. depending on the chosen research question. This was also done Utilizing the concept of cooperative learning, students are as a homework by the students. divided into teams of five giving each team member a After some general input to research designs, students predefined expert role [6]. Compilations with basic knowledge developed theoretical approaches for their research questions. of the scientific area and introducing papers are deposed in the The condition for conducting experiments was a sample of learning management system Ilias for all expert roles. The n ≥ 10. The research designs were presented and discussed in operating instructions of the measurement equipment and the another meeting two weeks later. template for the paper that will be submitted by the teams are Once all research designs had been finalised, the research also stored here. was conducted by the students. They independently organised The physiology experts familiarize themselves with the the necessary material, rooms and test persons. In order to have basics of movement and electrocardiogram measurements and sufficient subjects for all teams, every student had to take part learn how to operate the acquisition system Biopac MP 150. in two trials of other teams. They are responsible for recording and evaluating After the trials, results were processed and presented by measurement values during the trials and coordinate their the teams in plenum. In this session, students had the last work with the usability experts to support the design of test scenarios. L .Pawelzik et al .., Learning by Researching – Students enhance perfusionist’s workplace with data glasses in internships — 129 opportunity to get feedback about the evaluation of data and presentations at the milestones missing knowledge of students the description of their results in the paper they had to submit. about scientific research and statistics should be compensated. The reflection as the last step in the research cycle took The submitted papers show the relevance of the research place in the feedback session and in each discussion chapter of performed by students and the suitability of learning by the submitted papers. researching in teaching engineering sciences. The teams sent in their papers which were anonymized and randomly sent to another team. A check-list was developed to provide support for the students in the review process. After one week of review the teams had another week Author Statement to revise their paper and sent it in for grading. Two papers were Research funding: The author state no funding involved. submitted for publication, one already published [7]. Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest. The evaluation of the internship was carried out using Informed consent: Informed consent has been obtained from standardized questionnaires from the university. all individuals included in this study. Ethical approval: The research related to human use complies with all the relevant national regulations, institutional policies and was performed in accordance with the tenets of the 3 Results Helsinki Declaration. Students learned to model workplaces, as intended in the module manual, in a practical and cooperative way using References modern technologies and expanding their methodological skills. [1] Huber L. Warum Forschendes Lernen nötig und möglich ist (engl. Research-based learning is necessary and possible). In the evaluation, students assessed the workload as very In: Huber L, Hellmer J, Schneider F, editors. Forschendes high. Particularly at the beginning of the internship, the Lernen im Studium. Aktuelle Konzepte und Erfahrungen students were overburdened with the demands of the (engl. Research-based learning during studies. Current internship. Furthermore, students mentioned in the evaluation concepts and experiences). Bielefeld: UVW Webler; 2009. [2] Hellmer, J. Forschendes Lernen an Hamburger Hochschulen that relevant and interesting topics were offered which – Ein Überblick über Potentiale, Schwierigkeiten und compensated the disadvantages. The use of modern data Gelingensbedingungen (engl. Research-based Learning at glasses in the internship was also rated positively. Hamburg Universities - An Overview of Potential, Difficulties Additionally, it was a challenge for the students to deal and Conditions for Success). In: Huber L, Hellmer J, Schneider F, editors. Forschendes Lernen im Studium. with scientific working methods because they had not Aktuelle Konzepte und Erfahrungen (engl. Research-based previously been taught in the undergraduate courses. learning during studies. Current concepts and experiences). Bielefeld: UVW Webler, 2009. [3] Bundesassistentenkonferenz, Hochschuldidaktischer Ausschuss. Forschendes Lernen - wissenschaftliches 4 Discussion Prüfen: Ergebnisse der Arbeit des Ausschusses für Hochschuldidaktik (engl. Research-based learning - scientific testing: Results of the work of the Committee for Higher Students familiarised themselves with a new scientific Education Didactics). 2nd ed. Bonn: BAK; 1970. area and worked self-reliant on a research question on a current [4] FH Münster. Modulhandbuch für den Masterstudiengang topic. The digital organisation of all necessary rooms, Biomedizinische Technik an der Fachhochschule Münster information and measuring equipment ensured smooth test (engl. Module handbook for the Master's course in days. Biomedical Engineering at the Münster University of Applied Sciences). Version 2018.2, URL: https://www.fh- The problem of the high workload for the students will be muenster.de/pt/downloads/studierende/modulhandbuecher/ taken into account in the next semester by reducing the Modulhandbuch_Master_BMT_2018_2.pdf, last access technical effort on the measuring equipment and giving more 15.05.2019. prepared input to scientific research methods at the beginning. [5] Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin. TRBS 1151 - Gefährdungen an der Schnittstelle Mensch - Furthermore, a change in regulations and the creation of Arbeitsmittel - Ergonomische und menschliche Faktoren, new modules, especially for undergraduate students, is Arbeitssystem (engl. TRBS 1151 - Hazards at the human desirable to bring in knowledge of statistics, research designs interface - Work equipment - Ergonomic and human factors, and the procedure for literature researches. With short Work system). GMBl 2015. 340:17-18. [6] Brüning L, Saum T. Erfolgreich unterrichten durch Kooperatives Lernen: Strategien zur Schüleraktivierung L . Pawelzik et al ., Learning by Researching – Students enhance perfusionist’s workplace with data glasses in internships — 130 (engl. Successful Teaching through Cooperative Learning: der Medizintechnik - AR-Brillen als Assistenzsystem für die Strategies for Activating Students). 1st ed. Essen: Neue Kardiotechnik (engl. Augmented Reality in Medical Deutsche Schule Verlagsgesellschaft mbH; 2006. Technology - AR Glasses as an Assistance System for [7] Sannwaldt F, Huster C, Vincentz M, Sobkowicz S, Ewers A, Cardiotechnology). mt-Medizintechnik 2018. 138(6):15-1 Pawelzik L, Ibenthal E, Backhaus C. Augmented Reality in

Journal

Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering – de Gruyter

Published: Sep 1, 2019

Keywords: learning by researching; cooperative learning; data glasses; perfusionist; human factors engineering

There are no references for this article.