Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
A. Bono, P. Peduzzi, Stéphane Kluser, G. Giuliani (2004)
Impacts of Summer 2003 Heat Wave in Europe
P. Ciais, M. Reichstein, N. Viovy, A. Granier, J. Ogée, V. Allard, M. Aubinet, N. Buchmann, C. Bernhofer, A. Carrara, F. Chevallier, N. Noblet, A. Friend, P. Friedlingstein, T. Grünwald, B. Heinesch, P. Keronen, A. Knohl, G. Krinner, D. Loustau, G. Manca, G. Matteucci, F. Miglietta, J. Ourcival, D. Papale, K. Pilegaard, S. Rambal, G. Seufert, J. Soussana, M. Sanz, E. Schulze, T. Vesala, R. Valentini (2005)
Europe-wide reduction in primary productivity caused by the heat and drought in 2003Nature, 437
M. Wesely (1989)
Parameterization of surface resistances to gaseous dry deposition in regional-scale numerical modelsAtmospheric Environment, 23
S. Turquety, S. Turquety, J. Logan, D. Jacob, R. Hudman, F. Leung, C. Heald, C. Heald, R. Yantosca, Shiliang Wu, L. Emmons, D. Edwards, G. Sachse (2007)
Inventory of boreal fire emissions for North America in 2004 : Importance of peat burning and pyroconvective injectionJournal of Geophysical Research, 112
C. Schär, G. Jendritzky (2004)
Climate change: Hot news from summer 2003Nature, 432
P. Peduzzi, Stéphane Kluser, A. Bono, G. Giuliani (2004)
Wildland fires, a double impact on the planet
S. Koumoutsaris, I. Bey, S. Generoso, V. Thouret (2008)
Influence of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on the interannual variability of tropospheric ozone in the northern midlatitudesJournal of Geophysical Research, 113
M. Auvray, I. Bey (2005)
Long‐range transport to Europe: Seasonal variations and implications for the European ozone budgetJournal of Geophysical Research, 110
U. Baltensperger, H. Gäggeler, D. Jost, M. Lugauer, M. Schwikowski, E. Weingartner, P. Seibert (1997)
Aerosol climatology at the high‐alpine site Jungfraujoch, SwitzerlandJournal of Geophysical Research, 102
H. Kuhns, E. Knipping, J. Vukovich (2005)
Development of a United States–Mexico Emissions Inventory for the Big Bend Regional Aerosol and Visibility Observational (BRAVO) StudyJournal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 55
O. Wild, Xin Zhu, M. Prather (2000)
Fast-J: Accurate Simulation of In- and Below-Cloud Photolysis in Tropospheric Chemical ModelsJournal of Atmospheric Chemistry, 37
van der Werf G.
Interannual variability in global biomass burning emissions from 1997 to 2004.
I. Bey, D. Jacob, R. Yantosca, J. Logan, B. Field, A. Fiore, Qinbin Li, Honguy Liu, L. Mickley, M. Schultz (2001)
Global modeling of tropospheric chemistry with assimilated meteorology : Model description and evaluationJournal of Geophysical Research, 106
D. Hémon, É. Jougla, J. Clavel, F. Laurent, S. Bellec, G. Pavillon (2003)
Surmortalité liée à la canicule d'août 2003 en France.
A. Guenther, T. Karl, P. Harley, C. Wiedinmyer, P. Palmer, C. Geron (2006)
Estimates of global terrestrial isoprene emissions using MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature)Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 6
(2005)
© Author(s) 2006. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Wang Y.
Global simulation of tropospheric ozone-NO x -Hydrocarbon chemistry.
M. Beniston, H. Diaz (2004)
The 2003 heat wave as an example of summers in a greenhouse climate? Observations and climate model simulations for Basel, SwitzerlandGlobal and Planetary Change, 44
G. Guerova, I. Bey, J. Attie, R. Martin, R. Martin, J. Cui, M. Sprenger (2006)
Impact of transatlantic transport episodes on summertime ozone in EuropeAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 6
Guerova G.
R. V. Martin, J. Cui, M. Sprenger, Impact of transatlantic transport episodes on summertime ozone in Europe.
C. Zellweger, J. Forrer, P. Hofer, S. Nyeki, B. Schwarzenbach, E. Weingartner, M. Ammann, U. Baltensperger (2002)
Partitioning of reactive nitrogen (NO y ) and dependence on meteorological conditions in the lower free troposphereAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 3
C. Ordóñez, H. Mathis, M. Furger, S. Henne, C. Hüglin, J. Staehelin, A. Prévôt (2004)
Changes of daily surface ozone maxima in Switzerland in all seasons from 1992 to 2002 and discussion of summer 2003Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 5
Hongyu Liu, D. Jacob, I. Bey, R. Yantosca (2001)
Constraints from 210Pb and 7Be on wet deposition and transport in a global three‐dimensional chemical tracer model driven by assimilated meteorological fieldsJournal of Geophysical Research, 106
J. Stedman (2004)
The predicted number of air pollution related deaths in the UK during the August 2003 heatwaveAtmospheric Environment, 38
G. Pfister, L. Emmons, P. Hess, R. Honrath, J. Lamarque, M. Martin, R. Owen, M. Avery, E. Browell, J. Holloway, P. Nédélec, R. Purvis, T. Ryerson, G. Sachse, H. Schlager (2006)
Ozone production from the 2004 North American boreal firesJournal of Geophysical Research, 111
L. Grize, A. Huss, O. Thommen, C. Schindler, C. Braun‐Fahrländer (2005)
Heat wave 2003 and mortality in Switzerland.Swiss medical weekly, 135 13-14
C. Benkovitz, M. Scholtz, J. Pacyna, L. Tarrason, J. Dignon, E. Voldner, Peter Spiro, J. Logan, T. Graedel (1996)
Global gridded inventories of anthropogenic emissions of sulfur and nitrogenJournal of Geophysical Research, 101
Zellweger C.
Partitioning of reactive
M. Lawrence, Ø. Hov, M. Beekmann, J. Brandt, H. Elbern, H. Eskes, H. Feichter, M. Takigawa (2005)
The chemical weatherEnvironmental Chemistry, 2
R. Park, D. Jacob, B. Field, R. Yantosca, M. Chin (2004)
Natural and transboundary pollution influences on sulfate‐nitrate‐ammonium aerosols in the United States: Implications for policyJournal of Geophysical Research, 109
Wild O.
Fast-J: Accurate simulation of in- and below-cloud photolysis in global chemical models.
Kuhns H.
Emissions Inventories and SMOKE modeling for the Big Bend Regional Aerosol and Visibility Observational Study.
Environmental context. During the 2003 European summer, record high temperatures were measured and some regions experienced 14 consecutive days with maximum temperatures above 35°C, thus triggering a heat wave. The prolonged heat and strong insolation facilitated the build up of exceptionally long-lasting and spatially extensive episodes of high ozone concentrations close to the surface. Ozone is a very reactive pollutant with known effects on both human and vegetation health. It is important to build robust models that can predict its concentration in a similar manner to which weather prediction models operate. Abstract. The European summer of 2003 was characterised by intense heat, prolonged isolation and suppressed ventilation of the boundary layer which, combined with large anthropogenic emissions and strong fires, resulted in a build up of an unprecedentedly high and long-lasting photochemical smog over large parts of the continent. In this work, a global chemistry and transport model GEOS-Chem is compared with surface O 3 concentrations observed in 2003 in order to examine the extent to which the model is capable of reproducing such an extreme event. The GEOS-Chem reproduces the temporal variation of O 3 at the Jungfraujoch mountain site, Switzerland, including the enhanced concentrations associated with the August 2003 heat wave ( r = 0.84). The spatial distribution of the enhanced surface O 3 over Spain, France, Germany and Italy is also captured to some extent ( r = 0.63), although the largest concentrations appear to be located over the Italian Peninsula in the model rather than over Central Europe as suggested by the surface O 3 observations. In general, the observed differences between the European averaged O 3 concentrations in the summer of 2003 to those in 2004 are larger in the observations than in the model, as the model reproduces relatively well the enhanced levels in 2003 but overestimates those observed in 2004. Preliminary contributions of various sources to the O 3 surface concentrations over Europe during the heat wave indicate that anthropogenic emissions from Europe contribute the most to the O 3 build up near the surface (40 to 50%, i.e. 30 ppb). The contribution from anthropogenic emissions from the other major source regions of the northern hemisphere, in particular North America, tends to be smaller than those of other years. The model indicates that the large fires that occurred in that year contributed up to 5% (3 ppb) to surface O 3 in close proximity to the fire regions and less elsewhere in Europe. Biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by grass and forest areas contributed up to 10% (5–6 ppb) of surface O 3 over France, Germany and northern Italy, which represents a contribution that is twice as large than that found in 2004. These results in terms of contributions from various sources, particularly biogenic emissions, should be seen as preliminary, as the response of vegetation to such extreme events may not be well represented in the model.
Environmental Chemistry – CSIRO Publishing
Published: Nov 2, 2007
Keywords: chemical weather, global chemistry, model simulations, photochemical smog.
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.