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Climate Law 1 (2010) 133158 DOI 10.3233/CL-2010-006 IOS Press Sebastian Oberthür and René Lefeber1 I. Introduction The compliance system of the UNFCCC's Kyoto Protocol is based on four layers of rules that have been developed in several steps. First, an enabling clause (Article 18) in the Protocol mandates the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP) to approve appropriate and effective procedures and mechanisms to determine and address cases of non-compliance. On this basis, CMP-1 approved and adopted the procedures and mechanisms relating to compliance under the Protocol (Compliance Procedures).2 The Compliance Committee, established by the Compliance Procedures, then developed, and the CMP adopted, further rules of procedure (Rules of Procedure).3 In addition, the Committee has developed working arrangements to complement and give effect to the Rules of Procedure.4 1 Sebastian Oberthür is Academic Director of the Institute for European Studies at the Vrije Universiteit Brussels (Sebastian.Oberthuer@vub.ac.be). René Lefeber is legal counsel in the International Law Division of the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs and holds a chair in International Environmental Law at the Faculty of Law of the University of Amsterdam (r.j.m.lefeber@uva.nl). They are both members of the
Climate Law – Brill
Published: Jan 1, 2010
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