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Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Lung Pathogenesis

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Lung Pathogenesis Remarkable new roles for mitochondria in calcium handling, apoptosis, heme turnover, inflammation, and oxygen and nutrient sensing have been discovered for organelles that were once thought to be simple energy converters. Although deficits in mitochondrial function are often associated with energy failure and apoptosis, working cells maintain a mitochondrial reserve that affords the organelles distinct homeostatic sensing and regulatory abilities in lung cells. As primary intracellular sources of oxidants, mitochondria serve as critical monitors and modulators of vital oxidation-reduction processes, including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, inflammasome activation, cell proliferation, and prevention of fibrosis. These processes participate in disease pathogenesis in all lung regions mainly when interference with mitochondrial quality control mechanisms impedes their roles in maintenance of lung health. Sharper identification of mitochondrial-driven signaling mechanisms in specific lung cell types will better refine our understanding of respiratory disease pathogenesis and lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic measures to support mitochondrial quality. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Annual Review of Physiology Annual Reviews

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Lung Pathogenesis

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References (146)

Publisher
Annual Reviews
Copyright
Copyright © 2017 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved
ISSN
0066-4278
eISSN
1545-1585
DOI
10.1146/annurev-physiol-022516-034322
pmid
27959621
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Remarkable new roles for mitochondria in calcium handling, apoptosis, heme turnover, inflammation, and oxygen and nutrient sensing have been discovered for organelles that were once thought to be simple energy converters. Although deficits in mitochondrial function are often associated with energy failure and apoptosis, working cells maintain a mitochondrial reserve that affords the organelles distinct homeostatic sensing and regulatory abilities in lung cells. As primary intracellular sources of oxidants, mitochondria serve as critical monitors and modulators of vital oxidation-reduction processes, including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, inflammasome activation, cell proliferation, and prevention of fibrosis. These processes participate in disease pathogenesis in all lung regions mainly when interference with mitochondrial quality control mechanisms impedes their roles in maintenance of lung health. Sharper identification of mitochondrial-driven signaling mechanisms in specific lung cell types will better refine our understanding of respiratory disease pathogenesis and lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic measures to support mitochondrial quality.

Journal

Annual Review of PhysiologyAnnual Reviews

Published: Feb 10, 2017

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