-
T.
Taniguchi,
K.
Ogasawara,
and
Takaoka,
N.
Tanaka
(2001)
IRF family of transcription factors as regulators of host defense.
Annual review of immunology, 19
-
Angus
Logar,
F.
Duncan,
M.
Murphey-Corb,
A.
Donnenberg,
A.
Morelli,
C.
Maliszewski,
P.
Coates,
S.
Barratt-Boyes,
Linyou
Zhang,
V.
Donnenberg,
Peta
'connell,
Alison
J
(2003)
Dendritic cell subsets in blood and lymphoid tissue of rhesus monkeys and their mobilization with Flt3 ligand.
Blood, 102 7
-
V.
Brinkmann,
T.
Geiger,
S.
Alkan,
C.
Heusser
(1993)
Interferon alpha increases the frequency of interferon gamma-producing human CD4+ T cells
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 178
-
S.
Bauer,
C.
Kirschning,
H.
Häcker,
V.
Redecke,
S.
Hausmann,
S.
Akira,
H.
Wagner,
G.
Lipford
(2001)
Human TLR9 confers responsiveness to bacterial DNA via species-specific CpG motif recognition
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 98
-
H.
Hemmi,
T.
Kaisho,
K.
Takeda,
S.
Akira
(2003)
The Roles of Toll-Like Receptor 9, MyD88, and DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunit in the Effects of Two Distinct CpG DNAs on Dendritic Cell Subsets1
The Journal of Immunology, 170
-
B.
Robertson
(2001)
Viral hepatitis and primates: historical and molecular analysis of human and nonhuman primate hepatitis A, B, and the GB‐related viruses
Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 8
-
D.
Verthelyi,
M.
Gursel,
R.
Kenney,
J.
Lifson,
Shuying
Liu,
J.
Mican,
D.
Klinman
(2003)
CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides Protect Normal and SIV-Infected Macaques from Leishmania Infection1
The Journal of Immunology, 170
-
S.
Santini,
C.
Lapenta,
M.
Logozzi,
S.
Parlato,
M.
Spada,
T.
Pucchio,
F.
Belardelli
(2000)
Type I Interferon as a Powerful Adjuvant for Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cell Development and Activity in Vitro and in Hu-Pbl-Scid Mice
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 191
-
B.
Barnes,
B.
Lubyová,
P.
Pitha
(2002)
On the role of IRF in host defense.
Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research, 22 1
-
T.
Jones,
N.
Obaldía,
R.
Gramzinski,
Y.
Charoenvit,
N.
Kolodny,
S.
Kitov,
H.
Davis,
A.
Krieg,
S.
Hoffman
(1999)
Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs enhance immunogenicity of a peptide malaria vaccine in Aotus monkeys.
Vaccine, 17 23-24
-
D.
Verthelyi,
R.
Kenney,
R.
Seder,
A.
Gam,
Brenda
Friedag,
D.
Klinman
(2002)
CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides as Vaccine Adjuvants in Primates1
The Journal of Immunology, 168
-
Eugene
Chung,
S.
Amrute,
K.
Abel,
G.
Gupta,
Yichuan
Wang,
C.
Miller,
P.
Fitzgerald-Bocarsly
(2005)
Characterization of Virus-Responsive Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in the Rhesus Macaque
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 12
-
S.
Feldman,
D.
Stein,
S.
Amrute,
T.
Denny,
Z.
Garcia,
P.
Kloser,
Yin
Sun,
N.
Megjugorac,
P.
Fitzgerald-Bocarsly
(2001)
Decreased interferon-alpha production in HIV-infected patients correlates with numerical and functional deficiencies in circulating type 2 dendritic cell precursors.
Clinical immunology, 101 2
-
B.
Barnes,
P.
Moore,
P.
Pitha
(2001)
Virus-specific Activation of a Novel Interferon Regulatory Factor, IRF-5, Results in the Induction of Distinct Interferon α Genes*
The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 276
-
N.
Nathanson,
Hirsch
Vm,
Mathieson
Bj
(1999)
The role of nonhuman primates in the development of an AIDS vaccine.
AIDS, 13 Suppl A
-
G.
Hartmann,
R.
Weeratna,
Z.
Ballas,
P.
Payette,
S.
Blackwell,
I.
Suparto,
W.
Rasmussen,
Marianella
Waldschmidt,
D.
Sajuthi,
R.
Purcell,
H.
Davis,
A.
Krieg
(2000)
Delineation of a CpG Phosphorothioate Oligodeoxynucleotide for Activating Primate Immune Responses In Vitro and In Vivo1
The Journal of Immunology, 164
-
C.
Baskin,
A.
García-Sastre,
T.
Tumpey,
H.
Bielefeldt-Ohmann,
V.
Carter,
Estanislao
Nistal-Villán,
M.
Katze
(2004)
Integration of Clinical Data, Pathology, and cDNA Microarrays in Influenza Virus-Infected Pigtailed Macaques (Macaca nemestrina)
Journal of Virology, 78
-
A.
Bon,
G.
Schiavoni,
G.
D'agostino,
I.
Gresser,
F.
Belardelli,
D.
Tough
(2001)
Type i interferons potently enhance humoral immunity and can promote isotype switching by stimulating dendritic cells in vivo.
Immunity, 14 4
-
Mitsuharu
Sato,
H.
Suemori,
N.
Hata,
M.
Asagiri,
K.
Ogasawara,
K.
Nakao,
T.
Nakaya,
M.
Katsuki,
S.
Noguchi,
N.
Tanaka,
T.
Taniguchi
(2000)
Distinct and Essential Roles of Transcription Factors IRF-3 and IRF-7 in Response to Viruses for IFN-α/β Gene Induction
Immunity, 13
-
L.
Cousens,
R.
Peterson,
S.
Hsu,
A.
Dorner,
J.
Altman,
R.
Ahmed,
C.
Biron
(1999)
Two Roads Diverged: Interferon α/β– and Interleukin 12–mediated Pathways in Promoting T Cell Interferon γ Responses during Viral Infection
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 189
-
S.
Agrawal,
E.
Kandimalla
(2002)
Medicinal chemistry and therapeutic potential of CpG DNA.
Trends in molecular medicine, 8 3
-
C.
Samuel
(2001)
Antiviral Actions of Interferons
Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 14
-
Sidney
Pestka,
J.
Langer,
K.
Zoon,
Charles
Samuel
(1987)
Interferons and their actions.
Annual review of biochemistry, 56
-
C.
Biron
(1998)
Role of early cytokines, including alpha and beta interferons (IFN-α\β), in innate and adaptive immune responses to viral infections☆
Seminars in Immunology, 10
-
K.
Abel,
Lisa
Franco-Scheuch,
Tracy
Rourke,
Zhong-Min
Ma,
Veronique
Silva,
B.
Fallert,
L.
Beckett,
T.
Reinhart,
C.
Miller
(2004)
Gamma Interferon-Mediated Inflammation Is Associated with Lack of Protection from Intravaginal Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVmac239 Challenge in Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus 89.6-Immunized Rhesus Macaques
Journal of Virology, 78
-
V.
Hornung,
S.
Rothenfusser,
S.
Britsch,
A.
Krug,
B.
Jahrsdörfer,
T.
Giese,
S.
Endres,
G.
Hartmann
(2002)
Quantitative Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 1–10 mRNA in Cellular Subsets of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Sensitivity to CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides1
The Journal of Immunology, 168
-
S.
Halperin,
G.
Nest,
Bruce
Smith,
Simin
Abtahi,
Heath
Whiley,
J.
Eiden
(2003)
A phase I study of the safety and immunogenicity of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen co-administered with an immunostimulatory phosphorothioate oligonucleotide adjuvant.
Vaccine, 21 19-20
-
F.
Belardelli,
I.
Gresser
(1996)
The neglected role of type I interferon in the T-cell response: implications for its clinical use.
Immunology today, 17 8
-
N.
Kadowaki,
Yong‐jun
Liu
(2002)
Natural type I interferon-producing cells as a link between innate and adaptive immunity.
Human immunology, 63 12
-
G.
Hartmann,
J.
Battiany,
Hendrik
Poeck,
M.
Wagner,
M.
Kerkmann,
N.
Lubenow,
S.
Rothenfusser,
S.
Endres
(2003)
Rational design of new CpG oligonucleotides that combine B cell activation with high IFN‐α induction in plasmacytoid dendritic cells
European Journal of Immunology, 33
-
D.
Verthelyi,
V.
Wang,
J.
Lifson,
D.
Klinman
(2004)
CpG oligodeoxynucleotides improve the response to hepatitis B immunization in healthy and SIV-infected rhesus macaques
AIDS, 18
-
J.
O’Shea,
R.
Visconti
(2000)
Type 1 IFNs and regulation of TH1 responses: enigmas both resolved and emerge
Nature Immunology, 1
-
R.
Purcell,
S.
Emerson
(2001)
Animal models of hepatitis A and E.
ILAR journal, 42 2
-
K.
Abel,
M.
Alegria-Hartman,
Kristina
Rothaeusler,
M.
Marthas,
C.
Miller
(2002)
The Relationship between Simian Immunodeficiency Virus RNA Levels and the mRNA Levels of Alpha/Beta Interferons (IFN-α/β) and IFN-α/β-Inducible Mx in Lymphoid Tissues of Rhesus Macaques during Acute and Chronic Infection
Journal of Virology, 76
-
A.
Bon,
D.
Tough
(2002)
Links between innate and adaptive immunity via type I interferon.
Current opinion in immunology, 14 4
-
T.
Luft,
Ken
Pang,
Elisabeth
Thomas,
P.
Hertzog,
D.
Hart,
J.
Trapani,
J.
Cebon
(1998)
Type I IFNs enhance the terminal differentiation of dendritic cells.
Journal of immunology, 161 4
-
S.
Rothenfusser,
E.
Tuma,
M.
Wagner,
S.
Endres,
G.
Hartmann
(2003)
Recent advances in immunostimulatory CpG oligonucleotides.
Current opinion in molecular therapeutics, 5 2
-
Stefan
Zimmermann,
O.
Egeter,
S.
Hausmann,
G.
Lipford,
M.
Röcken,
H.
Wagner,
K.
Heeg
(1998)
CpG oligodeoxynucleotides trigger protective and curative Th1 responses in lethal murine leishmaniasis.
Journal of immunology, 160 8
-
M.
McChesney,
R.
Fujinami,
N.
Lerche,
Preston
Marx,
M.
Oldstone
(1989)
Virus-induced immunosuppression: infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and suppression of immunoglobulin synthesis during natural measles virus infection of rhesus monkeys.
The Journal of infectious diseases, 159 4
-
A.
Krug,
S.
Rothenfusser,
V.
Hornung,
B.
Jahrsdörfer,
S.
Blackwell,
Z.
Ballas,
S.
Endres,
A.
Krieg,
G.
Hartmann
(2001)
Identification of CpG oligonucleotide sequences with high induction of IFN‐α/β in plasmacytoid dendritic cells
European Journal of Immunology, 31
-
A.
Akbar,
J.
Lord,
M.
Salmon
(2000)
IFN-α and IFN-β: a link between immune memory and chronic inflammation
Immunology Today, 21
-
W.
Parker,
S.
Saadi,
Shu-sen
Lin,
Z.
Holzknecht,
M.
Bustos,
J.
Platt
(1996)
Transplantation of discordant xenografts: a challenge revisited.
Immunology today, 17 8
-
Brett
Nath,
Kristen
Schumann,
Jean
Boyer
(2000)
The chimpanzee and other non-human-primate models in HIV-1 vaccine research.
Trends in microbiology, 8 9
-
S.
Rothenfusser,
E.
Tuma,
S.
Endres,
G.
Hartmann
(2002)
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: the key to CpG.
Human immunology, 63 12
-
K.
Lockridge,
G.
Sequar,
S.
Zhou,
Yujuan
Yue,
C.
Mandell,
P.
Barry
(1999)
Pathogenesis of Experimental Rhesus Cytomegalovirus Infection
Journal of Virology, 73
-
J.
Vollmer,
R.
Weeratna,
P.
Payette,
M.
Jurk,
C.
Schetter,
Meike
Laucht,
T.
Wader,
Sibylle
Tluk,
M.
Liu,
H.
Davis,
A.
Krieg
(2004)
Characterization of three CpG oligodeoxynucleotide classes with distinct immunostimulatory activities
European Journal of Immunology, 34
-
D.
Verthelyi,
D.
Klinman
(2003)
Immunoregulatory activity of CpG oligonucleotides in humans and nonhuman primates.
Clinical immunology, 109 1
-
A.
Harandi,
K.
Eriksson,
J.
Holmgren
(2003)
A Protective Role of Locally Administered Immunostimulatory CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide in a Mouse Model of Genital Herpes Infection
Journal of Virology, 77
-
H.
Hemmi,
O.
Takeuchi,
T.
Kawai,
T.
Kaisho,
Shintaro
Sato,
H.
Sanjo,
M.
Matsumoto,
K.
Hoshino,
H.
Wagner,
K.
Takeda,
S.
Akira
(2000)
A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA
Nature, 408
-
A.
Krieg
(2002)
CpG motifs in bacterial DNA and their immune effects.
Annual review of immunology, 20
-
Mitsuharu
Sato,
T.
Taniguchi,
N.
Tanaka
(2001)
The interferon system and interferon regulatory factor transcription factors -- studies from gene knockout mice.
Cytokine & growth factor reviews, 12 2-3
-
M.
Kerkmann,
S.
Rothenfusser,
V.
Hornung,
A.
Towarowski,
M.
Wagner,
A.
Sarris,
T.
Giese,
S.
Endres,
G.
Hartmann
(2003)
Activation with CpG-A and CpG-B Oligonucleotides Reveals Two Distinct Regulatory Pathways of Type I IFN Synthesis in Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells 1
The Journal of Immunology, 170
-
T.
Geisbert,
P.
Jahrling
(2004)
Exotic emerging viral diseases: progress and challenges
Nature Medicine, 10 Suppl 1
-
W.
Yeow,
W.
Au,
Y.
Juang,
Cindy
Fields,
C.
Dent,
D.
Gewert,
P.
Pitha
(2000)
Reconstitution of Virus-mediated Expression of Interferon α Genes in Human Fibroblast Cells by Ectopic Interferon Regulatory Factor-7*
The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 275
-
Anke
Olbrich,
Simone
Schimmer,
U.
Dittmer
(2003)
Preinfection Treatment of Resistant Mice with CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides Renders Them Susceptible to Friend Retrovirus-Induced Leukemia
Journal of Virology, 77
-
A.
Krieg
(2003)
CpG motifs: the active ingredient in bacterial extracts?
Nature Medicine, 9
-
K.
Abel,
L.
Compton,
Tracy
Rourke,
D.
Montefiori,
D.
Lu,
Kristina
Rothaeusler,
L.
Fritts,
Kristen
Bost,
C.
Miller
(2003)
Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus SHIV89.6-Induced Protection against Intravaginal Challenge with Pathogenic SIVmac239 Is Independent of the Route of Immunization and Is Associated with a Combination of Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte and Alpha Interferon Responses
Journal of Virology, 77
-
Dennis
Klinman
(1998)
Therapeutic applications of CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides.
Antisense & nucleic acid drug development, 8 2
-
D.
Levy,
I.
Marié,
Eric
Smith,
A.
Prakash
(2002)
Enhancement and diversification of IFN induction by IRF-7-mediated positive feedback.
Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research, 22 1
-
C.
Cooper,
H.
Davis,
M.
Morris,
S.
Efler,
A.
Krieg,
Y.
Li,
C.
Laframboise,
M.
Adhami,
Y.
Khaliq,
I.
Seguin,
D.
Cameron
(2004)
Safety and immunogenicity of CPG 7909 injection as an adjuvant to Fluarix influenza vaccine.
Vaccine, 22 23-24
-
K.
Zarember,
P.
Godowski
(2002)
Tissue Expression of Human Toll-Like Receptors and Differential Regulation of Toll-Like Receptor mRNAs in Leukocytes in Response to Microbes, Their Products, and Cytokines
The Journal of Immunology, 168
-
Takeshita,
K.
Ishii,
M.
Gursel
(2001)
Human Peripheral Blood Cells Differentially Recognize and Respond to Two Distinct CpG Motifs
-
A.
Izaguirre,
B.
Barnes,
S.
Amrute,
Wen‐Shuz
Yeow,
N.
Megjugorac,
J.
Dai,
D.
Feng,
Eugene
Chung,
P.
Pitha,
P.
Fitzgerald-Bocarsly
(2003)
Comparative analysis of IRF and IFN‐alpha expression in human plasmacytoid and monocyte‐derived dendritic cells
Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 74
-
M.
Gieryńska,
U.
Kumaraguru,
S.
Eo,
Sujin
Lee,
A.
Krieg,
B.
Rouse
(2002)
Induction of CD8 T-Cell-Specific Systemic and Mucosal Immunity against Herpes Simplex Virus with CpG-Peptide Complexes
Journal of Virology, 76
-
A.
Towarowski,
A.
Krug,
S.
Britsch,
S.
Rothenfusser,
V.
Hornung,
R.
Bals,
T.
Giese,
H.
Engelmann,
S.
Endres,
A.
Krieg,
G.
Hartmann
(2001)
Toll-like receptor expression reveals CpG DNA as a unique microbial stimulus for plasmacytoid dendritic cells which synergizes with CD40 ligand to induce high amounts of IL-12.
European journal of immunology, 31 10
-
S.
Blackwell,
A.
Krieg
(2003)
CpG-A-Induced Monocyte IFN-γ-Inducible Protein-10 Production Is Regulated by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell-Derived IFN-α1
The Journal of Immunology, 170
-
D.
Morens,
G.
Folkers,
A.
Fauci
(2004)
The challenge of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases
Nature, 430
-
Dennis
Klinman,
Ken
Ishii,
M.
Gursel,
I.
Gursel,
Saoko
Takeshita,
F.
Takeshita
(2000)
Immunotherapeutic applications of CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides.
Drug news & perspectives, 13 5
-
J.
Marshall,
K.
Fearon,
Christi
Abbate,
S.
Subramanian,
P.
Yee,
Josh
Gregorio,
R.
Coffman,
G.
Nest
(2003)
Identification of a novel CpG DNA class and motif that optimally stimulate B cell and plasmacytoid dendritic cell functions
Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 73
-
Kristina
Abel,
Michelle
Alegria-Hartman,
Kenneth
Zanotto,
M.
McChesney,
M.
Marthas,
Christopher
Miller
(2001)
Anatomic site and immune function correlate with relative cytokine mRNA expression levels in lymphoid tissues of normal rhesus macaques.
Cytokine, 16 5