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Coexistent Malnutrition Is Associated with Perturbations in Systemic and Antigen-Specific Cytokine Responses in Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Coexistent Malnutrition Is Associated with Perturbations in Systemic and Antigen-Specific... Coexistent Malnutrition Is Associated with Perturbations in Systemic and Antigen-Specific Cytokine Responses in Latent Tuberculosis Infection Rajamanickam Anuradha a , Saravanan Munisankar a , Yukthi Bhootra a , Nathalla Pavan Kumar a , Chandrakumar Dolla b , Paul Kumaran b and Subash Babu a a National Institutes of Health, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India b National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India H. F. Rosenberg , Editor ABSTRACT Malnutrition, as defined by low body mass index (BMI), is a major risk factor for the development of active tuberculosis (TB), although the biological basis underlying this susceptibility remains poorly characterized. To verify whether malnutrition affects the systemic and antigen-specific cytokine levels in individuals with latent TB (LTB), we examined circulating and TB antigen-stimulated levels of cytokines in individuals with LTB and low BMI (LBMI) and compared them with those in individuals with LTB and normal BMI (NBMI). Coexistent LBMI with LTB was characterized by diminished circulating levels of type 1 (gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)), type 2 (interleukin-4 (IL-4)), type 17 (IL-22), and other proinflammatory (IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-6) cytokines but elevated levels of other type 2 (IL-5 and IL-13) and regulatory (IL-10 and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)) cytokines. In addition, LBMI with LTB was associated with diminished TB antigen-induced IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1α, and IL-1β levels. Finally, there was a significant positive correlation between BMI values and TNF-α and IL-1β levels and a significant negative correlation between BMI values and IL-2, IL-10, and TGF-β levels in individuals with LTB. Therefore, our data reveal that latent TB with a coexistent low BMI is characterized by diminished protective cytokine responses and heightened regulatory cytokine responses, providing a potential biological mechanism for the increased risk of developing active TB. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Clinical and Vaccine Immunology American Society For Microbiology

Coexistent Malnutrition Is Associated with Perturbations in Systemic and Antigen-Specific Cytokine Responses in Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Coexistent Malnutrition Is Associated with Perturbations in Systemic and Antigen-Specific Cytokine Responses in Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology , Volume 23 (4): 339 – Apr 1, 2016

Abstract

Coexistent Malnutrition Is Associated with Perturbations in Systemic and Antigen-Specific Cytokine Responses in Latent Tuberculosis Infection Rajamanickam Anuradha a , Saravanan Munisankar a , Yukthi Bhootra a , Nathalla Pavan Kumar a , Chandrakumar Dolla b , Paul Kumaran b and Subash Babu a a National Institutes of Health, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India b National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India H. F. Rosenberg , Editor ABSTRACT Malnutrition, as defined by low body mass index (BMI), is a major risk factor for the development of active tuberculosis (TB), although the biological basis underlying this susceptibility remains poorly characterized. To verify whether malnutrition affects the systemic and antigen-specific cytokine levels in individuals with latent TB (LTB), we examined circulating and TB antigen-stimulated levels of cytokines in individuals with LTB and low BMI (LBMI) and compared them with those in individuals with LTB and normal BMI (NBMI). Coexistent LBMI with LTB was characterized by diminished circulating levels of type 1 (gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)), type 2 (interleukin-4 (IL-4)), type 17 (IL-22), and other proinflammatory (IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-6) cytokines but elevated levels of other type 2 (IL-5 and IL-13) and regulatory (IL-10 and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)) cytokines. In addition, LBMI with LTB was associated with diminished TB antigen-induced IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1α, and IL-1β levels. Finally, there was a significant positive correlation between BMI values and TNF-α and IL-1β levels and a significant negative correlation between BMI values and IL-2, IL-10, and TGF-β levels in individuals with LTB. Therefore, our data reveal that latent TB with a coexistent low BMI is characterized by diminished protective cytokine responses and heightened regulatory cytokine responses, providing a potential biological mechanism for the increased risk of developing active TB.

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References (37)

Publisher
American Society For Microbiology
Copyright
Copyright © 2016 by the American society for Microbiology.
ISSN
1556-6811
eISSN
1556-679X
DOI
10.1128/CVI.00009-16
pmid
26865593
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Coexistent Malnutrition Is Associated with Perturbations in Systemic and Antigen-Specific Cytokine Responses in Latent Tuberculosis Infection Rajamanickam Anuradha a , Saravanan Munisankar a , Yukthi Bhootra a , Nathalla Pavan Kumar a , Chandrakumar Dolla b , Paul Kumaran b and Subash Babu a a National Institutes of Health, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India b National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India H. F. Rosenberg , Editor ABSTRACT Malnutrition, as defined by low body mass index (BMI), is a major risk factor for the development of active tuberculosis (TB), although the biological basis underlying this susceptibility remains poorly characterized. To verify whether malnutrition affects the systemic and antigen-specific cytokine levels in individuals with latent TB (LTB), we examined circulating and TB antigen-stimulated levels of cytokines in individuals with LTB and low BMI (LBMI) and compared them with those in individuals with LTB and normal BMI (NBMI). Coexistent LBMI with LTB was characterized by diminished circulating levels of type 1 (gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)), type 2 (interleukin-4 (IL-4)), type 17 (IL-22), and other proinflammatory (IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-6) cytokines but elevated levels of other type 2 (IL-5 and IL-13) and regulatory (IL-10 and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)) cytokines. In addition, LBMI with LTB was associated with diminished TB antigen-induced IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1α, and IL-1β levels. Finally, there was a significant positive correlation between BMI values and TNF-α and IL-1β levels and a significant negative correlation between BMI values and IL-2, IL-10, and TGF-β levels in individuals with LTB. Therefore, our data reveal that latent TB with a coexistent low BMI is characterized by diminished protective cytokine responses and heightened regulatory cytokine responses, providing a potential biological mechanism for the increased risk of developing active TB.

Journal

Clinical and Vaccine ImmunologyAmerican Society For Microbiology

Published: Apr 1, 2016

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