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THERMAL PERFORMANCE CURVES AND THE METABOLIC THEORY OF ECOLOGY - A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO MODELS AND EXPERIMENTS FOR PARASITOLOGISTS

THERMAL PERFORMANCE CURVES AND THE METABOLIC THEORY OF ECOLOGY - A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO MODELS AND... AbstractClimate change will affect host-parasite dynamics in complex ways. The development of forecast models is necessary for proactive disease management, but past studies frequently reported thermal performance data in idiosyncratic ways that have limited use for parameterizing thermal host-parasite models. Developing improved forecast models will require strong collaborations between experimental parasitologists and disease modelers. The purpose of this article is to facilitate such collaborations by reviewing practical considerations for describing thermal performance curves of parasite and host performance traits, and using them to predict climate change impacts on host-parasite systems. In the first section, we provide an overview of how thermal performance curves can be embedded in life-cycle based dynamical models of parasitism, and outline how such models can capture the net effect of multiple nonlinear temperature dependencies affecting the host-parasite dynamics. We also discuss how macroecological generalities based on the Metabolic Theory of Ecology (MTE) can be used to determine a priori parameter estimates for thermal performance curves to derive null models for data deficient species, but note that most of the generalities suggested by MTE remain to be tested for parasites. In the second section, we discuss empirical knowledge gaps for the temperature dependence of parasite and host performance traits, and outline the types of data that need to be collected to inform MTE-based models for data deficient species. We specifically emphasize the importance of (a) capturing the entire thermal response of performance traits, including lower and upper temperature thresholds, and (b) experimentally or statistically separating out the thermal responses of different performance traits (e.g., development and mortality) rather than only reporting composite measures (e.g., apparent development). Not adhering to these principles can lead to biased climate change impact predictions. In the third section, we provide a practical guide outlining how experimentalists can contribute to fill data gaps by measuring the temperature-dependence of host and parasite performance traits in ways that are systematic, statistically rigorous, and consistent with the requirements of life cycle based host-parasite models. This guide includes recommendations and practical examples illustrating (i) the use of perturbation analyses to determine experimental priorities (ii) experimental design tips for quantifying thermal response curves, and (iii) statistical methods for estimating the parameters of thermal performance curves. Our hope is that this article helps researchers to maximize the value and use of future data collections for both empirical and modelling studies of how temperature influences parasitism. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png The Journal of Parasitology Allen Press

THERMAL PERFORMANCE CURVES AND THE METABOLIC THEORY OF ECOLOGY - A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO MODELS AND EXPERIMENTS FOR PARASITOLOGISTS

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The Journal of Parasitology : 1 – Oct 17, 2016
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Publisher
Allen Press
Copyright
American Society of Parasitologists 2017
Subject
Invited Review
ISSN
0022-3395
eISSN
1937-2345
DOI
10.1645/16-148
pmid
28604284
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

AbstractClimate change will affect host-parasite dynamics in complex ways. The development of forecast models is necessary for proactive disease management, but past studies frequently reported thermal performance data in idiosyncratic ways that have limited use for parameterizing thermal host-parasite models. Developing improved forecast models will require strong collaborations between experimental parasitologists and disease modelers. The purpose of this article is to facilitate such collaborations by reviewing practical considerations for describing thermal performance curves of parasite and host performance traits, and using them to predict climate change impacts on host-parasite systems. In the first section, we provide an overview of how thermal performance curves can be embedded in life-cycle based dynamical models of parasitism, and outline how such models can capture the net effect of multiple nonlinear temperature dependencies affecting the host-parasite dynamics. We also discuss how macroecological generalities based on the Metabolic Theory of Ecology (MTE) can be used to determine a priori parameter estimates for thermal performance curves to derive null models for data deficient species, but note that most of the generalities suggested by MTE remain to be tested for parasites. In the second section, we discuss empirical knowledge gaps for the temperature dependence of parasite and host performance traits, and outline the types of data that need to be collected to inform MTE-based models for data deficient species. We specifically emphasize the importance of (a) capturing the entire thermal response of performance traits, including lower and upper temperature thresholds, and (b) experimentally or statistically separating out the thermal responses of different performance traits (e.g., development and mortality) rather than only reporting composite measures (e.g., apparent development). Not adhering to these principles can lead to biased climate change impact predictions. In the third section, we provide a practical guide outlining how experimentalists can contribute to fill data gaps by measuring the temperature-dependence of host and parasite performance traits in ways that are systematic, statistically rigorous, and consistent with the requirements of life cycle based host-parasite models. This guide includes recommendations and practical examples illustrating (i) the use of perturbation analyses to determine experimental priorities (ii) experimental design tips for quantifying thermal response curves, and (iii) statistical methods for estimating the parameters of thermal performance curves. Our hope is that this article helps researchers to maximize the value and use of future data collections for both empirical and modelling studies of how temperature influences parasitism.

Journal

The Journal of Parasitology – Allen Press

Published: Oct 17, 2016

There are no references for this article.