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A Monograph of Paris (Melanthiaceae)

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-7903-5

ISBN: 978-981-15-7902-8

Publisher: Springer Singapore - Springer Journals

Nov 4, 2020

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Chapter 1Introduction: Taxonomic History

Ji, Yunheng

Pages: 1 –11

[Linnaeus (1753) established Paris as a genus, and described Paris quadrifolia (Fig. 1.1) as the type species. Paris is a morphologically distinctive lineage in flowering plants. All species in the genus share the morphological characters of a whorl of 4 to 15 net-veined leaves and a solitary...
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Chapter 2Morphology

Ji, Yunheng

Pages: 13 –31

[Paris species are perennial rhizomatous herbs. A grown plant (Fig. 2.1) comprises adventitious roots, rhizome, stem, leaves, and flower (fruit and seeds). The rhizome grows underground, bearing many adventitious roots and one or several apical buds. The aerial organs (stem, leaves, and flower)...
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Chapter 3Biology

Ji, Yunheng

Pages: 33 –54

[Paris is a temperate genus with broad distribution in East Asia and Europe (Fig. 3.1), entering the Arctic at the northernmost limit (~70°N) and reaching Hainan Island and Indochina at the southernmost limit (~18°N). Given this widespread distribution, species of this genus grow in five distinct...
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Chapter 4Economic Importance

Ji, Yunheng

Pages: 55 –68

[Paris species are traditionally used as medicinal herbs in China, India, Nepal, and other neighboring countries as well (Cunningham et al. 2018). Paris species are well known in China, where nearly all species having a thick rhizome are used to treat various diseases; for example, the dried...
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Chapter 5Phylogeny, Classification, Biogeography, and Evolution

Ji, Yunheng

Pages: 69 –81

[Phylogenetic reconstruction based on limited sequence variations and taxon sampling always result in significant phylogenetic errors, particularly in recently diverged and rapidly radiated lineages (Rieseberg and Soltis 1991; Rokas and Carroll 2005; Whitfield and Lockhart 2007; Philippe et al....
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Chapter 6Taxonomic Revision

Ji, Yunheng

Pages: 83 –192

[Paris Linn.]
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Chapter 7Conservation Considerations

Ji, Yunheng

Pages: 193 –203

[Globally, many plant species are threatened with extinction due to habitat degradation, climatic change, biological invasions, and expanding human activities. The genus Paris, now consisting of 25 species according to its latest taxonomic revision (see Chap. 6), has great medicinal and...

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